• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find the influences of the perceived economical difficulty, gender equality consciousness and sexual subjectivity on the adolescents' attitude to prostitution to examine the moderating effects of gender equality consciousness and sexual subjectivity between the perceived economical difficulty and the adolescents' attitude to prostitution, and to provide some recommendations for intervention to improve more appropriate attitude of adolescents on prostitution. Methods: The data used for this study is from the survey with a sample of 1,151 students from 14 middle and high schools in Chungbuk province. Results: The main results of this study are as follows: First, there are statistical differences in the adolescents' attitude to prostitution according to gender, grade, and the type of school. Second, there is a positive effect of the perceived economical difficulty, gender equality consciousness and sexual subjectivity on the adolescents' attitude to prostitution. Third, there are positive moderating effects of sexual subjectivity between the perceived economical difficulty and the adolescents' attitude to prostitution. Conclusions: Intervening in the sex education at an early stage, advertising prostitution's harmful effect at the level of a social concern and developing diverse programs to enhance the sexual subjectivity of students are recommended to promote appropriate attitude of adolescents about prostitution.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.519-527
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• 2016

The present study is concept research on the operation cost management of shipping firms, especially considering technology for economical ship operation of existing ships in units of voyage. The factors that influence economical ship operation management were identified by analyzing the current status of the shipping industry, the development of economical ship operation technologies, technological requirements, and the cost factors of ship operation. Economical operation of existing ships, especially, the economical operation of the units of each voyage, may minimize fuel cost and port charges. This requires low-load streaming cruise control, ballast control, optimal trim, optimal routing, terminal work efficiency improvement, and ship energy management. Optimal routing and terminal work efficiency improvement manage the time saved. To determine the low-load streaming, cruise control, ballast control, optimal trim and ship energy management are meeting the recommendations.

• 전기의세계
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.25-31
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• 1966

This paper derives the useful formulas for computing annual profits, and economical size, locations and regulating values of parallel shunt capacitors in case that they are installed in a distribution line. Inparticular, the derived formulas consider the influence of load variations in order to represent the actual load situations.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

Normally easy task of plat in urban architecture is that using underground full of activities for increase building site efficiency. Especially for using underground space for the parking lot. Also utilize underground is more increase for fulfill requirement in modern society considered with environmental friendly architecture. The primary objective of this study is to apply analyzed formal foundation type for selecting the optimum type of parking lots considered with structural stability, economical efficiency, construction efficiency, construction duration. This study aim to on criteria decided through the questionaries for the selection considered with in the scale of second stories parking lots underground, parking volume is 80 and reinforced concrete structure. The bearing capacity is 6～8m and downward from surface, healthy ground bearing capacity is 40 t/m2. This study comparative analysis and discuss economical efficiency, construction efficiency, construction duration based constructivist stability which applied Single foundation, Mat foundation, Drop Mat foundation. The result of this study is as follows: First, the result of economical efficiency is that on the basis of single foundation, Drop Mat foundation is 1.88, Mat foundation 2.04 as a comparative analysis on the basis of total construction cost included material cost, labor coast and machinery cost. Second, the result of construction efficiency order is single foundation, Drop Mat foundation, Mat foundation as a comparative analysis on the based connected characteristics. Third, the result of construction duration is that on the basis of Mat Foundation, Drop Mat foundation is 1.33, single foundation is 1.87 as a comparative analysis Critical Path. Forth, Each foundational type characteristics order through the matrix method is that overall each formal type of foundation contraries at economical efficiency and construction efficiency, construction duration. Also expect contradiction between engineers and owners due to engineer pursuit construction duration and ewer to begin with economical efficiency. Fifth, The selection of suitable foundation formal type needs that based consider project characteristic and field condition as according to above result of a comparative analysis. As a result, a comparative analysis economical efficiency, construction efficiency, construction duration of Mat foundation, Drop Mat foundation, single foundation with 3Bay reinforced structure underground parking lots on the healthy ground.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.154-164
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• 2001

This research is aiming to specify the requirement of the investment such as intial cost, running cost earning rate to make effective investment considering the purpose of remodeling and economical value of store building enough to meet the initial purpose of remodeling. The review of earning for economical evaluation was performed by the on-site auditing on the structure and function of the building and applying the assessment simulation program, which is to find the possible business model to identify the requirement of building owner through case study. After the research, the following results are obtained. First, it is important that many aspects should be carefully analysis and the best method should be selected as characteristics of remodeling can be defer each other in their implementations. Second, though the remodeling of exist building to promote the functions has been applied, no suitable assessment tool has bee developed for deciding the level of remodeling in the view of economical efficiency so far. Third, the economical benefit was evaluated by analysing annual earning rate which is applied by investment items and recovery period for the investment. More specific date base should be established to apply the suggested economic acessments in business enough ti forecast the future circumstances. More researches should be promoted on the area continuously as well as the integrated economic evaluation of remodeling on existing building.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1989

In order to provide a basic information for the government policy in the future, rice milling costs of Small Capacity Farm-house Rice Whiteners (SCFRW) were estimated by surveying and analyzing the major factors to affect their costs. Two types of SCFRW having one stage and two stage milling process and two rice varieties, Tong-il and Akibare, were considered for their cost estimation, respectively. Also, their costs were compared with those of Private Custom-work Mill in order to determine its economical feasibility. The results were concluded as follows; 1. Major factors to affect the costs were annual milling quantity, purchase price of SCFRW and grain milling loss. 2. Total milling costs of SCFRW were a function of annual milling quantity. These costs decreased rapidly as annual milling quantity increased. 3. In comparison of milling costs between single pass type and double pass type SCFRW, the former was more economical than the latter. 4. Also, in comparison of milling costs between two varieties by using SCFRW, Akibare was less expensive than Tong-il. 5. In comparison with private Custom-work Mill, both single pass and double pass type SCFRW were less economical than private Custom-work Mill. 6. In order to have an economical feasibility, SCFRW should be designed and developed to reduce its milling loss and purchase price.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.46-55
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• 2017

Objectives: The aim of this study is reviewing the literature to extract the key parameter, study design, perspective, cost-effectiveness index and find the calibration parameter for the clinical study with economical evaluation protocol on facial palsy. Methods: Literature search is performed using PUBMED for literature published from January 2000 to December 2016. We included randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and modelling study with economic assessment in which human participated. Results: As a result of literature search, the 198 articles were found. After reviewing the title, abstract and full text, the 5 articles were selected. Selected articles are classified into 4 RCT studies dealing with quality of life and 1 CEA(cost-effectiveness analysis) study. Conclusions: We found reliable key parameters, calibration parameters and elements of economical assessment study, which might be necessary factors for developing research protocol of clinical trial with economic evaluation about facial palsy patients.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.73-83
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• 2009

Recently, various studies regarding introduction of RFID have been implemented in many industries including logistics field. The objective of this study are (i) to analyze an economical effect due to the introduction of RFID on ULS(Unit Load System) Pallet, (ii) to develop a model to estimate cost of RFID introduction, and (iii) to establish a foundation for activating introduction of RFID to the logistics field in order to increase efficiency. This study utilized data regarding fifty logistics companies' awareness of RFID usage. The result of the economical analysis showed B/C of 2.766 and NPV of 2.6 billion won, which implies significant benefit to the logistics industry. This study is meaningful in that it is the first study to quantitatively estimate the effect of RFID introduction on ULS pallet in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.9
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• pp.136-149
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• 2010

One of the most important objectives that apparel company will pursue in 21 century is to achieve the critical factors of the sustainability. The concept of sustainability is to meet the demands for the valuable life of contemporary generation and to satisfy the desires for preservation of the species and the productive life of future generation by protecting the earth environment from the waste and pollution and by developing and maintaining harmoniously main economical, social, environmental and cultural factors. The practice of sustainability was focused only on the environmental factors in past. Now, the effective and efficient practice of sustainability should be fulfilled and executed in social factors of the responsibility company has, in economical factors and in the cultural factors that is the critical in fashion industry. The purpose of the study is to develop the practical framework consisting of four sustainable factors which apparel brand should refer and apply to the practice of sustainability. By executing the practical factors of the frameworks, apparel company can take a lot of advantages. By practicing the environmental factors, company can get Eco-efficiency. Apparel company can take the social responsibility by performing social sustainable factors, can make economical quality growth by fulfilling economical sustainable factors, and can understand cultural diversity by executing cultural sustainable factors. As one of the most important preparation in 21 century industry, the apparel brand should have an interest in and require the practical management of sustainability, objective setting and practice of brand unit, reflection on the sustainability in brand planning.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.22-35
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• 1995

Pepper is the most important horticultural plant in Korean farm. Pepper harvesting has been known to be the most difficult process in pepper cultivation so that demand for mechanization is strong. In a research to develop a pepper harvesting machine performance and capacity of the harvester should be determined based on both economical feasibility and machine design concept. In order to accomplish an economical analysis of the pepper harvester, a mathematical model for comparing manual harvesting cost to machine harvest cost was developed. Validity of the model depends on the data used in the model. Economical information for the model variables was acquired from the result of farm survey on pepper cultivation technique and economics of pepper farmer. Technical information on pepper harvester were also collected through literature review and analyzed. Based on the economical analysis and synthesis of the technical information on pepper harvesters, its performance and capacity were determined. The operating performances of the harvester such as cutting, conveying, flipping, pepper removing and post-processing (sorting) were determined. Daisy capacity of the machine was determined to be 0.41 ha. A pepper harvester with the suggested capacity was economically feasible if the price of pepper harvester, pepper recovery ratio and service life of harvester were about 6 million won, 80%, and 4 years, respectively.