• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze mediating effect of social outcome between value realization efforts and economic outcome of social entrprises. Data for the analysis is collected from Social Enterprise Promotion Agency. The results of anaylsis are first social value realization efforts had no positive effect on economic outcome of the social enterprises. But social outcome had a significant mediating effect between social value realization efforts and economic outcome. Through this, it was confirmed that although a social enterprise is a hybrid organization that must pursue both social and economic outcome, social value realization efforts go through a social outcome that affects economic outcome. mediating social performance This is expected to have implications for the role of social value realization efforts and social outcome in order to increase the economic outcome of social enterprises.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2013

Background: This study used Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) pancreatic cancer data to identify predictive models and potential socio-economic disparities in pancreatic cancer outcome. Materials and Methods: For risk modeling, Kaplan Meier method was used for cause specific survival analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test was used to compare survival curves. The Cox proportional hazard method was applied for multivariate analysis. The area under the ROC curve was computed for predictors of absolute risk of death, optimized to improve efficiency. Results: This study included 58,747 patients. The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 7.6 (10.6) months. SEER stage and grade were strongly predictive univariates. Sex, race, and three socio-economic factors (county level family income, rural-urban residence status, and county level education attainment) were independent multivariate predictors. Racial and socio-economic factors were associated with about 2% difference in absolute cause specific survival. Conclusions: This study s found significant effects of socio-economic factors on pancreas cancer outcome. These data may generate hypotheses for trials to eliminate these outcome disparities.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7133-7136
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• 2013

Background: We studied Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) breast cancer data of Georgia USA to analyze the impact of socio-economic factors on the disparity of breast cancer treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: This study explored socio-economic, staging and treatment factors that were available in the SEER database for breast cancer from Georgia registry diagnosed in 2004-2009. An area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was computed for each predictor to measure its discriminatory power. The best biological predictors were selected to be analyzed with socio-economic factors. Survival analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov 2-sample tests and Cox proportional hazard modeling were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of time to breast cancer specific survival data. Results: There were 34,671 patients included in this study, 99.3% being females with breast cancer. This study identified race and education attainment of county of residence as predictors of poor outcome. On multivariate analysis, these socio-economic factors remained independently prognostic. Overall, race and education status of the place of residence predicted up to 10% decrease in cause specific survival at 5 years. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors are important determinants of breast cancer outcome and ensuring access to breast cancer treatment may eliminate disparities.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.787-801
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 사적 이익을 추구하는 기업의 연구개발이라기 보다는 민간이 담당하기 어려운 분야인 기초 원천, 공공복지 및 공유성 기술(Generic Technology)의 특성을 가지는 지질자원분야의 특성에 주목하여, 공공연구개발 및 사업의 경제적 파급효과 분석 방법론을 살펴보고 연구성과(outcome)의 관점에서 지질자원 분야의 경제적 파급효과의 적용 방법론 을 제안한다. 경제적 파급효과 분석 방법론으로 먼저 기존에 공공사업의 타당성을 평가하기 위해서 시행되고 있는 비용편익분석 방법론을 살펴보고 연구개발사업의 경제성 분석 이론으로 전통적인 경제 이론에 기반한 방법과 가치평가이론을 살펴보았다. 지질자원 분야를 포함한 공공연구개발의 경제성 파급효과 분석을 위해서는 계량화 할 해당 연구개발의 성과(outcome)를 도출해야 한다. 이를 위해 연구성과 흐름지도(Input-Output-Outcome Roadmap)의 작성을 제안한다. 그리고 경제적 파급효과 분석 방법론을 적용하기 위해서 연구개발의 성과물인 이론 및 방법론의 가치직접 산정하는 방법과 실행 사업과의 연계를 통해 간접적인 방법의 적용 방법론의 고려가 필요하다. 실행 사업과의 연계를 통해 간접적인 방법은 연구개발의 결과 사업이 시행된다는 가정 하에 이후 실시되는 사업으로 발생하는 편익의 일정분으로 연구개발의 편익을 산정하는 방법과 연구개발의 실시 유무와 관계없이 이후 개발사업이 진행된다는 가정하에 사업 시 발생하는 비용의 저감분 및 편익의 증가분으로 연구개발의 편익을 산정하는 방법으로 구분된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2014

Background: This study analyzed whether socio-economic factors affect the cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) soft tissue sarcoma (STS) data were used to identify potential socio-economic disparities in outcome. Time to cause specific death was computed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used for univariate and multivariate tests, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating curve were computed for predictors for comparison. Results: There were 42,016 patients diagnosed STS from 1973 to 2009. The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 66.6 (81.3) months. Stage, site, grade were significant predictors by univariate tests. Race and rural-urban residence were also important predictors of outcome. These five factors were all statistically significant with Cox analysis. Rural and African-American patients had a 3-4% disadvantage in cause specific survival. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors influence cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma. Ensuring access to cancer care may eliminate the outcome disparities.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2010

This paper empirically evaluates the effects of regional and industrial R&D on the performances of individual firms in two separated stages: (1) the stage of technological outcome from R&D and (2) the stage of economic outcome from technological outcome. Technological spillovers are separated from negative congestion effects through the stage-specific estimation. The firm-level Korean Innovation Survey data merit in coping with the endogeneity problem inherent in the estimation of spillovers. The estimation results show that: (1) there exist significant R&D spillovers both in regional and industrial dimensions, (2) the hypothesized technological spillovers and economic congestion effects are both in effect, and (3) firms with smaller individual R&D investments show greater spillovers.

• 재활복지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.177-196
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 장애인 고용부담금 부과 여부가 장애인 고용성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하는 데 있다. 구체적으로는 장애인 고용부담금을 부과하는 기업과 부과하지 않는 기업의 장애인 고용률 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 분석을 위해 한국장애인고용공단의 2011년도 장애인 고용실시상황 자료와 통계청 및 보건복지부의 거시 자료를 통합하였으며 자료가 내재적 구조임을 감안해 위계적 선형모형(Hierarchical Linear Modeling: HLM)을 이용하였다. 분석결과 장애인 고용부담금 부과 여부는 장애인 고용성과에 영향을 미치며 장애인구 수와 상호작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 장애인 고용부담금을 부과할 경우 부과하지 않을 때보다 장애인 고용률이 0.7%p 이상 높아질 것으로 추정된다. 그러나 지역의 경기와 장애인 고용성과 사이에 인과관계는 나타나지 않았다. 고용성과는 기업이 속한 지역의 경기보다는 기업이 의무를 이행하도록 하는 강제력에 달려 있음을 시사한다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.335-346
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• 2012

본 연구는 지질자원기술의 연구성과에 대한 인식을 전문가와 비전문가로 구분해 살펴보았다. 이러한 조사를 바탕으로 한국지질자원연구원의 연구성과 뿐만 아니라 국가 발전에 이바지하는 다양한 과학 연구 분야의 연구성과에 관한 향후 커뮤니케이션 전략에 관한 제언을 제공하고자 했다. 전체적으로, 지질자원기술의 연구성과에 있어 인식 수준의 차이가 전문가 집단과 비전문가 집단 사이에 나타나고 있음을 발견했다. 지질자원기술은 국민 생활에 직결되는 문제임을 인식시키고 적극적인 대외 커뮤니케이션이 필요하다고 할 수 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.625-633
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• 2021

Bangladesh's growing foreign aid has sparked controversy over whether it affects the country's economic performance. This review assesses foreign aid's influence on the country's economic growth with annual data covering the 1989-2018 period. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is applied to achieve the research objective, and the empirical results indicate a substantial and robust impact of foreign assistance on economic growth. The outcome further reveal that domestic investment also contributes significantly to the country's economic evolution. However, trade openness plays a substantial positive role in the short run, although the impact is immaterial in the long run. The empirical findings indicate that the association between aid, domestic investment, and growth has a confident meaningful effect at 1 per cent level in the long run, whereas aid influences more than domestic investment. However, in the short run, aid, domestic investment, trade openness, and growth show positive and noteworthy response also at 1 percent level. This review undertakes a detailed analysis about the country's economic growth, and grounded on its outcome, this work suggests that focus should be placed more on creating domestic investment, promoting more export, and allocation of aid should be determined by the relative needs of the country.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.95-119
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the shopping values(utilitarian and hedonic values) sought and the risks(economic, functional, socio-psychological, and privacy) perceived by consumers who participate in Internet auctions by determining the factors that affect their shopping values and risk perceptions. Empirical data were collected by an Internet survey of netizens who were interested in and had experience in Internet auctions. Questionnaires were distributed to the subjects through an Internet survey site and at an Internet auction cafe. A total of 300 questionnaires were analyzed. The results showed that consumers showed a slightly greater pursuit of a utilitarian value than a hedonic outcome in their Internet auction practices; however the outcomes pursued by consumers in their teens and twenties tended to be more hedonic than utilitarian. Consumers with a higher level of innovation, self-confidence in purchase, and need for information searching showed a greater pursuit of utilitarian and hedonic outcomes. The group of consumers with a higher expectation for legal protection pursued a more utilitarian outcome, whereas the group of consumers with higher influence from the reference group pursued a more hedonic outcome. The consumers showed that they perceived functional risk as boing most serious, followed by privacy risk, economic risk, and socio-psychological risk. Subjects with higher degrees of innovation, self-confidence in purchase and self-control perceived economic risk as critical. Functional risk was perceived to be highest in the group of consumers with self-control and a need for information searching, whereas socio-psychological risk was perceived to be highest in the group of consumers showing more self-control. Privacy risk was perceived to be highest in the group of consumers with a higher degree of innovation and lowest in both groups of higher and lower affection. Both economic and privacy risks were perceived to be lower in the group of lower pursuit of a hedonic outcome.