• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.65-89
• /
• 2013

This study aims to assess the development effectiveness of the Paris Declaration (2005). Using data collected by the OECD/DAC from 78 developing countries for the period 2005~2010, this study evaluates the role played by the Paris Declaration principles alone and in interaction with aid in promoting per-capita GDP growth. The analysis shows that the overall net impact of aid on promoting economic growth has been negative. However, aid effectiveness has been enhanced by the sound policies or institutions and some Paris Declaration (PD) principles. Of the five principles of the PD, only the alignment and, to some extent, mutual accountability principles of the PD did show a significant and positive role in making aid more effective for economic growth of aid recipient countries. Therefore, OECD's statement that the PD enhances aid effectiveness is supported only partially. These findings have significant implications for the importance accorded to sound policies and institutions in the growth literature, and for future international development cooperation agenda.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.216-230
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effectiveness of advanced enterprise welfare system utilizing DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) and contribute to the adoption and implementation of the system conducted by Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service(COMWEL). We classified 48 sample data into 3 categories : A category(basic consulting & intensive consulting, adoption) is 36, B category(basic consulting & intensive consulting, non-adoption) is 5, and C category(only basic consulting, adoption) is 7. A consulting fee is used as input variable, earning per employee and average employee tenure are used as output variables. As a result from DEA, we find out the fact that the economic effectiveness of A category is better than the economic effectiveness of B and C category and it comes to the conclusion that the consulting service provided by COMWEL has a positive effect on the adoption and implementation of advanced enterprise welfare system. Therefore, COMWEL is required to perform consulting service to small & medium business more actively and is needed to look at the reason why some businesses hesitate to accept the relevant system.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2001

This study is intended to propose a systematic approach for reliability-based assessment of life cycle cost (LCC) effectiveness and economic efficiency for cost-effective seismic upgrading of existing bridges. The LCC function is expressed as the sum of the upgrading cost and all the discounted life cycle damage costs, which is formulated as a function of the Park-Ang damage index and structural damage probability. The damage costs are expressed in terms of direct damage costs such as repair/replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, and indirect damage costs such as road user costs and indirect regional economic losses. For dealing with a variety of uncertainties associated with earthquake loads and capacities, a simulation-based reliability approach is used. The SMART-DRAIN-2DX, which is a modified version of the well-known DRAIN-2DX, is extended by incor-porating LCC analysis based on the LCC function developed in the study. Economic efficiencies for optimal seismic upgradings of the continuous PC segmental bridges are assessed using the proposed LCC functions and benefit-cost ratio.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.16
• /
• pp.183-195
• /
• 1987

The effectiveness of quality control is contingent to adaptability to the present circumstance. The objectives of this study are to provide empirical data to carry out qualify control effectively. To accomplish this purpose, an empirical study was made by questionaire (mailing survey method, Feb. to Mar. in 1987). The sample is the 167 companies in Korean manufacturing industry. The main findings out of the analysis are as follows the stage of quality control is concentrated in appraisal phase, the company standard is equiped gradually in non-KS marked company and the need of economic evaluation about quality control is increased gradually. With a view to analysing of relationship between quality control and it's effect factors (company standard, KS mark, computer based information system), the methods of $\chi$$^2$ test are used. The company standard have a significant difference in top manager's altitude to duality control, operation stage of quality control. operation scope of qualify control and quality budgeting system but is insignificant with economic evaluation about duality control. Otherwise, KS mark is insignificant with the equality control activity except for operation scope. The quality information system based in computer have a significant difference in operation stage, operation scope and economic evaluation. Therefor, for the purpose of attaining effectiveness of quality control through the economic evaluation about quality control, the company standard and computer based duality information system must be utilized in quality control activity.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.585-600
• /
• 2011

South Korean central government has launched the first comprehensive climate change policies in 1999, and they have been renewed every three year. The third policies ended in 2007. However, it is quite rare to analyze whether the climate change policies are effective against climate change. In this context, this paper aims at analyzing the effectiveness of climate change policy which was launched for seven years from 1999 to 2007 in South Korea. The effectiveness analysis of policy can be done in terms of the individual policy and/or all policies being synthesized as a comprehensive unit. Employing the latter methodology, this paper analyzed the effectiveness on the basis of economic growth as independent variable, greenhouse gas emission as dependent variable, and energy use and its process as intervening variable. Seven analytic indicators covering the three variables were selected on the basis of two points in time before and after climate change policy having been launched. The seven indicators were analyzed in terms of three aspects. They were the change in the state of each indicator, the effectiveness of climate change policy from 1999 to 2007, and the effectiveness process from 1999 to 2007. The effectiveness process was analyzed in terms of the relational context and its flow processing path. Economic growth was advanced remarkably with increase in the total consumption of energy. As a result, greenhouse gas emission increased. However, energy efficiency increased with significant decrease in energy intensity, carbon intensity, and energy elasticity. The expansion of new and renewable energy over total energy supply was not effective significantly on the decrease in greenhouse gas emission. The processing path of climate change policy being effective advanced toward increase in energy efficiency through energy intensity rather than toward sustainable development. Such a way of the effectiveness of climate change policy implies that most policies focused on adaptation rather than on mitigation.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2013.01a
• /
• pp.52-59
• /
• 2013

The use of economic incentives to improve H&S performance in the construction industry in general, has been investigated by various scholars. However, few studies have looked at the impact of economic incentives on construction clients especially in the developing world. Therefore it was necessary to investigate specifically the impact of the economic incentive on client's H&S performance. Economic incentives are considered to be a proactive way of improving H&S performance. The investigation was conducted using a Delphi technique to determine the impact significance of the economic incentive or disincentive on construction clients' H&S performance. Findings from the study were that the economic factor had critical impact significance on clients' H&S performance. Further clients were 'very likely to' implement various H&S elements as a result of the economic incentive and disincentive. The paper will report on the findings from an analysis of impact significance of the economic incentives on clients. It will underscore the point that economic incentives or disincentives on construction clients are necessary to encourage them to actively participate in H&S performance improvement.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
• /
• v.12 no.6
• /
• pp.615-623
• /
• 2012

Humanity is facing a number of serious issues associated with increased energy consumption and environmental pollution. Various studies/guidelines concerning sustainable building construction have suggested solutions to these disastrous problems, including: net-zero energy buildings, the green building certification system, and others. Sustainability pursues three expected effects: environmental, social, and economic merits. Korean Green Building Council (K-GBC) has also announced the Korean Green Building Certification System (K-GBCS) since 2003 based on sustainability. Some positive social and environmental aspects of the K-GBCS have already been reported. However, it is somewhat difficult to verify its economic merits, which are crucial to ensuring the validity of the K-GBCS. This research aims to verify the economic merits of the eco-friendly Korean-style condominiums accredited by K-GBCS. Following this, the expected economic effectiveness of K-GBCS will be examined in terms of sustainability. The underlying assumption is that the potential economic effect should reflect the actual economic merits, and should reflect the value of the housing in particular. According to the analysis of the variance, it can be concluded the value of green certified buildings is statistically higher than the value of non-certified buildings. Furthermore, it was also observed that this tendency was more dominant in Gyeonggi Province than in the City of Seoul. This may be caused by one of the variables: the proximity to downtown. In future studies, this variable should be studied in greater detail.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.787-797
• /
• 2010

Nowadays meteorological information is systemized as a useful knowledge which has a significant effect on the overall industrial domains over the simple data. The distribution industry, which has the short life cycle, depends on the meteorological information at the strategic level. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the continuous investment in meteorological information because there is a hostility to paying for a service, particularly it does not provide accurate and reliable information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to increase the usefulness of meteorological information in the distribution industry for its economic effectiveness from the core meteorological factors. We found significant meteorological factors (temperature, precipitation, disaster) that have a critical influence on the distribution industry through the hierarchical analysis process, and their importance according to the type of distribution channels, such as department store, large-scale discount store, convenience store, and home shopping. We performed the AHP analysis with 103 survey samples by middle managers from the various distribution channels. We found that precipitation is the critical meteorological factor across the distribution industry. Based on this result, we stress the difference in the level of the meteorological information in order for the effectiveness of each type of distribution channels.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.597-619
• /
• 2000

Marketable permit system (MPS) is a economic incentive instrument that allows polluters to achieve static and dynamic efficiency, However, Korea's atmospheric regulations are primarily based upon command and control (CAC) system and partly upon economic incentive instruments, which fail to realize its relative effectiveness, Accordingly, an introduction of MPS has been recommended with the cost effectiveness analysis in numerous studies, The literature, however, did not consider the relationship between MPS and the existing regulations, which is a key factor for the successful introduction of MPS, This paper provides a set of principles to judge how the existing regulations are reconciled with the introduction of MPS, In addition, authors execute an empirical study to show MPS's cost effectiveness when regulators apply MPS in Ulsan area for the abatement of sulfur dioxide, The results suggest that the regulations such as fuel regulation should be excluded when implementing MPS, and a flexibility in legal and regulatory system is to be required in order to secure a successful implementation of MPS.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.1-32
• /
• 2013

Economic sanctions and inducements are types of 'policy instruments' based on 'economic tools' to influence other international actors. Ongoing debates on sanctions and inducements have exposed drawbacks for relying on individual case studies. There are some studies in the literature that attempt theoretical analysis of sanctions and inducements, but they are mostly based on rational choice theory. In reality, however, there exist so many cases that cannot be explained by rational choice theory. These are called anomalies or exceptions. The literature introduces specific variables to interpret these anomalies and thus sacrifice the universality of the theory. From this point of view, prospect theory would present an effective tool to analyze economic sanctions and inducements. It is a behavioral economic theory that tries to model a decisions making process in reality. The theory says that people make decisions based on subjective value of losses and gains from an individual reference point, and that people evaluate these losses and gains using heuristics. Thus prospect theory could offer a different frame which has greater explanatory range without adding new variables. As a result of this study, target's losses of 'back down' towards economic sanctions loom larger when the reference point level increases, therefore, the effectiveness of sanctions decreases. However, target's losses of 'stand firm' towards economic inducements loom larger under the same condition of reference point, therefore, the effectiveness of inducements increases. The findings of the paper suggest meaningful implications to the economic policy towards North Korea.