• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.462-472
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• 2013

본 연구는 부산광역시 금정산 소나무림의 식생구조 특성을 분석하여 문화경관림으로서의 소나무림 보전을 위한 기초자료 구축을 목적으로 수행하였다. 금정산 소나무 식생구조 분석을 위해 산성을 기준으로 내부 소나무림에 10개소, 외부 소나무림에 8개소, 총 18개소의 조사구(단위면적: $400m^2$)를 설정하였다. TWINSPAN분석결과 총 6개의 군집으로 구분되었다. 6개의 군집은 졸참나무-소나무군집, 소나무군집, 소나무-졸참나무군집, 곰솔-소나무군집, 소나무-곰솔-상수리나무군집, 소나무-굴피나무군집이었다. 각 군집의 층위별 상대우점치 및 주요 수종의 흉고직경급별 분포 분석결과 각각의 소나무군집은 졸참나무 또는 개서어나무군집으로 천이될 것으로 예측되었다. 수령분석결과 산성내부 군집은 32~37년생, 산성외부 소나무군집은 44~57년생이었다. Shannon의 종다양도지수는 0.4826~1.2499이었다. 소나무와 주요 수종간 상관관계는 때죽나무와 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과 산성내부는 소나무군집에서 졸참나무군집으로의 천이가 예측되었으며 산성외부는 소나무-곰솔군집에서 개서어나무-졸참나무군집으로의 천이가 예측되었다. 소나무 경관림 관리방안으로 아교목층과 관목층의 참나무류 및 교목성상의 낙엽활엽수 간벌과 소나무와 경쟁중인 낙엽활엽수의 수관전정 등의 관리가 필요하였다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.539-551
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• 2019

본 연구는 부산광역시 해안림 곰솔군락의 식생구조 및 생태적 특성을 파악하여 해안림의 식생구조를 파악하고 향후 부산광역시 해안림 관리방안을 위한 기초자료를 구축하고자 수행하였다. 부산광역시 해안림 지역에 $100m^2$ 크기의 조사구 97개를 설치하여 조사 분석하였다. TWINSPAN과 DAC기법을 사용하여 군락을 분리한 결과, 곰솔-졸참나무 군락, 곰솔-사스레피나무(1)군락, 곰솔-사스레피나무(2)군락, 곰솔-갈참나무군락, 곰솔-동백나무(1)군락, 곰솔-동백나무(2)군락, 곰솔-사스레피나무-동백나무군락으로 분리되었다. 조사결과 부산광역시 해안림 곰솔군락의 교목층에서는 곰솔이 주요 우점종으로 나타났으며, 하층식생에서 사스레피나무와 동백나무가 우점하였다. 곰솔-졸참나무군락에서 졸참나무가 일부 교목층과 아교목층에서 곰솔과 경쟁관계를 이루고 있으며 변화를 살피기 위해서는 지속적인 모니터링이 필요할 것이다. 해안림의 환경 특성상 곰솔을 비롯한 내염성이 강한 수종들이 군락을 이루고 있기 때문에 곰솔-졸참나무 군락을 제외한 군락들은 급격한 환경변화가 발생하지 않으면 현 상태의 군락 구조를 당분간 유지할 것으로 예상된다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze chemical water quality, fish trophic guilds, tolerance indicators, and fish community conditions in the Gap Stream and to compare the stream conditions between the unimpacted site and impacted site. This study was conducted in the physically stable season (May 2008) to minimize physical impacts such as flow and hydrological disturbance, and applied the study in the Gap Stream with two sites of unimpacted upstream site (Unim-S), mainly surrounded by forested area and impacted site (Im-S), influenced by the wastewater disposal plants and industrial complex in the urban region. Chemical data analysis showed that the degree of organic matter pollution, based on BOD, and COD, was $2{\sim}3$ fold greater in the Im-S than the Unim-S, and that TP, as eutrophication indicators, was 4.7 fold greater in the Im-S. Also, $NH_3-N$ was in 8.2 fold greater in the Im-S ($6.25\;mg\;L^{-1}$) than the Unim-S ($0.76\;mg\;L^{-1}$), indicating a massive influence of wastewater from the disposal plant. Similar results were found in other chemical parameters. Thus, chemical impacts in the Im-S were evident, compared to the unimpacted site. Evaluations of tolerant indicator species indicated that sensitive species were dominant in the Unim-S (23.9%) and tolerant species were dominant (97.8%) in the Im-S. Condition factor (CF) was averaged 0.95 ($0.68{\sim}1.18$) in the Unim-S and 1.08 ($0.93{\sim}1.22$) in the Im-S. Fish community in the Unim-S and Im-S was categorized as Zacco-community and Hemibarbus-community, respectively, and the community diversity index (H') was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the Unim-S (0.810) than the Im-S (0.466). Overall, our results suggest that the comparison approach of various chemical and ecological indicators provide important information in identifying multiple stressors in the stream ecosystems.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2016

Seasonal variability in the algal community structure of intertidal zones was examined at six study sites in Marine National Parks, on the western and southern coasts of Korea from March to November 2015. A total of 193 species of algae, comprising 27 green, 40 brown and 126 red algae, were identified. Algal biomass averaged 101.50 g dry wt./m² with a maximal at Tonggae (168.12 g dry wt./m²) and minimum at Haseom (54.49 g dry wt./m²). The dominant seaweeds by biomass were Sargassum thunbergii at five sites (Tonggae, Haseom, Namdongri, Ando amd Sinjeonri), and S. fusiforme at Soando. Community indices measured as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.31–0.69; richness index (R), 7.30–11.43; evenness index (J'), 0.33–0.49; and diversity index (H'), 1.15–1.86. As evaluated using community indices and environmental states, the EEI (Ecological Evaluation Index) of the Marine National Park was “normal”. The present results indicate that seaweed community structures and indices could be used to evaluate the environmental status of coastal ecosystems.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2017

습지보호지역인 전북 고창 운곡습지의 현존식생에 대한 군락분류와 군락분포를 규명하였다. 전통적인 식물사회학적 방법과 국제식생명명규약에 따라 단위식생을 분류하고 명명하였다. 서식처 기반의 식생 다양성은 침수식생으로부터 연목림식생에 이르기까지 7가지 상관식생형에서 총 88분류군으로 이루어진 12가지 단위식생이 분류되었다: 버드나무-골풀군락, 선버들-이삭사초군집, 달뿌리풀-갈퀴덩굴군락, 갈대군집, 매자기군집, 애기부들-나도겨풀군락, 골풀-별날개골풀군락, 나도겨풀군집, 마름-어리연꽃군집 (전형아군집과 네가래아군집(신칭), 가시연꽃변군집 포함), 연꽃군락, 참통발군락, 말즘군집. 축척 1 : 5,000의 지형도를 바탕으로 현존식생도를 제작하여 식생 공간분포를 기재하였다. 산간 선상지 습지를 포함한 배후습지와 원수대식생역의 서식처-단위식생 대응성에 관한 본 연구의 결과는 운곡습지 생태 관리의 바탕 정보를 제공한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.31-45
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• 2020

This study suggested the planting models of Carpinus turczaninowii community to make in Badahyanggi Arboretum and was carried out to the structure of C. turczaninowii commnity in Daebu-Yeongheung Islands. In order to identify the current ecological environment, this study set to 13 plots(i.e. 100㎡) for analysing detailed structure of plant communities. The research methodology was qualitative analysis. It used TWINSPAN, PCA and Indicator Species Analysis tools which are performed well in several comparisons of classification techniques and one of the ordination techniques showed that the plant communities. The results were classified into 3 communities that C. turczaninowii-Pinus densiflora community(I), C. turczaninowii-Quercus serrata community(II) and C. turczaninowii-Platycarya strobilacea community(III). In all of communities, C. turczaninowii was dominant species in canopy layer and understory layer, the degree of closure was high. Proposed the planting models that are I~II communities based on planting status in Badahyanggi Arboretum(Island Plant Botanical Garden), the structure of plant communities, indicator species and individual distribution by DBH classes. Also, The multi-layer planting plans are necessary, such as P. strobilacea, Lindera erythrocarpa, Viburnum carlesii, V. dilatatum, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Zanthoxylum schinifolium and so on.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to define the concept of community based on the residential area and to review the issues on the research of community in related discipline area. The discourse about community has been developed in the field of social psychology, regional planning and architecture, housing studies, and research results by NGO. These studies of community has been dealt with social interaction and norm as well as the physical aspects of community. The research on community has been studied with the approach of structure and functionalist, systems theory approach, conflict theory approach, ecological approach, microsociological approach, and social construction approach. However, these approaches have not integrated together, but recognized community in a social or personal context. The social construction approach among these approaches suggest a useful conceptual framework for studying community in the point of view that social condition changes according to the autonomic individual. Understanding of community will influence to establishing a community norm, to planning a communal space, and to developing strategies of community. And it also takes a Important role t\ulcorner change the housing policy, institution and life style.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2013

Community has been defined as a group of interacting people living in a common location. The word is often used to refer to a group that is organized around common values and is attributed with social cohesion within a shared geographical location, generally in social units larger than a household. The word can also refer to the national community or global community. The word "community" is derived from the Old French communit$\acute{e}$ which is derived from the Latin communitas (cum, "with/together" + munus, "gift"), a broad term for fellowship or organized society. A sense of community refers to people's perception of interconnection and interdependence, shared responsibility, and common goals. Understanding a community entails having knowledge of community needs and resources, having respect for community members, and involving key community members in programs. But, on account of industrial development, At some point, we have individualism behavior. therefore, This study will achieve local community activation using school land.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.175-192
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• 1988

The coastal vegetation of the southwestern coast of Korea was surveyed by the Braun-Blnquet's phytosociological sKDICe and its soil properties were also determined. Comparing with the coastal vegetation of Korea, Japan and Europe, the vegetation of this area could be classified into as follows; A. Thero-Salicornietea R. Tx. 1954(Salicor-nietum herbaceae assoc. nov.). B. Thero-Suaedetea Rivas Martwez 1979 (Suaedetum japonicae Miyawaki et Ohba 1966, Suaeda maritima commuity, Atriplici-Suaedetum maritimi Miyawaki et Ohba 1965, Suaeda asparagoided community) C. Asteretea tripolium Westhoff et Beeftink 1962 (Zoysietum sinice Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973, Limonietum tetragoni Miyawaki et Ohba 1969, Artemisietum scopariae assoc. nov., Aster tripolium community, Atriplex, gmelini community) D. Phragmitetea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 (Triglochietum maritimae assoc. nov., Carcetum scabrifoliae Miyawaki et Ohba 1969, phragmites communis community, Pyaceluretum latifolii Miyawaki et Okuda 1972, Scirpus fluviatilis community) E. Salsoletea komarovil Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973(Salsola komarovi community) F. Glehnietea littoralis ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973(Caricetum pumilae assoc. nov., Meserschmidia sibirica community, Lysimachia mauri-tiana community Ishaemum anthephoroides community, Elymus mollis commuity, carex kobomugi community, Ixeris repens community) G. Viticetea rotundifoliae Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973 (Imperato cylindricae-Viticetum rotundifoliae ohba, Miyawaki ex Tx. 1973) and Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten community. Among the soil properties, water potential seems to be one fo the most important factor on the distribution of the coastal plant community and it might be highly affected by water content in sand and salinity in low marsh.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제23권
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• pp.9-18
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• 2005

Vegetation composition and structure of forest community at Mt. Bislsan, Dalseung-Gun, Daegu in Korea, were studied using a qualitative with a quantitative approach and its vegetation types and various ecological characteristics such as the importance values, species diversity of the major component species analyzed. The forest vegetation were classified into 2 community group, 14 community, 6 group, and total of 18 vegetation units. Pinus densiflora distributed mainly from lower at the sea level, while Quercus mongolica tended to distributed upper altitude in Physiognomical vegetation. the species diversity values showed mostly 0.8 and Quercus dentata, Quercus serrato and Cornus controversa Community and so on highly showed to 1.0 and 1.1. According to the results of importance value analysis, the I.V. of pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica highly showed in the tree and subtree layer, and Rhododendron mucronulatum and Lindera obtusiloba and so on highly showed in the shrub.