• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-55
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a framework which is used to develop, modify, maintain and extend a control and monitoring software easily for any kind of automatic instruments. The proposed framework is composed of three XML documents (IID, MAP, CMIML) and two tools (Virtual Instrument Wizard, Generator). Interface information of behaviors and states of instrument is written on IID. Mapping information between the interface information in IID and API of a real instrument driver is written on MAP Final information of the control and monitoring software is written on CMIML, IID, MAP and CMIML are written by XML format to provide a common usage and platform independence of the proposed framework. Vl Wizard generates CMIML intermediate platform independent document using IID and existing CMIML, and Generator generates the source code of a control and monitoring software platform dependent code automatically using CMIML and MAP. The suggested framework provides an easy development and maintenance because it automatically generates a control and monitoring software in GUI environment and it also provides common usage and platform independence in virtue of using description document of XML format. Also, reusability can be increased by reusing platform independent software description document and not reusing platform dependent software code.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

The Dutch treat culture, which pays for the cost of having meetings with a large number of people, is located in the daily life of many modern people. In particular, the execution of Kim Young-ran is a more active Dutch treat. However, when going dutch, there is a case where the amount of money to be paid per person is not divided equitably and there is an ambiguous situation about who should pay more. Also if one person have to pay all of the payments because of the different payment method such as a cash or card, there is inconvenience to keep a record of the financial relationship each time. In this paper, we introduce an application that allows several people to easily calculate the amount of money to pay per person when eating together or calculating something. From our service, you can easily access with web-based service, manage the user's debts more conveniently through forming the group. In addition, we focused on convenient calculation of cost by setting remaining unit and reserve function which is a function to overcome the disadvantages of existing application. Also, we maintain fairness through games in situations where the users need to make a choice.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 1999

In the Northeast Asian region fisheries agreements of the past regarding high seas as an agreement area were transformed or new agreements were introduced in order to conform to the EEZ regime. However, the existing joint regulatory zone which “open” status is somewhat similar to the high sea not only disappear, but also two new systems were established. To begin with, parties of the agreement claimed their EEZs to be from the territorial sea baselines to the extent set forth, problem of the fishery access of the other party under the agreement is to be solved on the principle of reciprocity and on recognizing of the catch results achieved in the past. In regards to the overlapping zones like neutral zone of the East Sea of Korea(Sea of Japan) and neutral zone to the south of the Cheju Island, provisional measures zones in the Yellow Sea and in the East China Sea, and transitional zone of the Yellow Sea special fisheries management systems reflecting the legal character of the zone involved are applied. Moreover, as fisheries agreements defining open sea as an agreement zone are not able to conform to the EEZ regime, so new fisheries agreements must be taken out from old systems and conceptions, and must be understood and enforced from the new point view. Therefore, countermeasures needed to do so should be developed, and their basic structure is as follows. Firstly, the basic concept of the EEZ regime requires that the coastal states have sovereign rights on their sea zones' natural resources and bear responsibilities appropriate to their allowed jurisdiction. Each Northeast Asian state should adjust the structure of fishing industries and employ advanced fisheries management system, and should make efforts toward such issues of the state policy as increasing fishery resources and preserving ocean environment. Secondly, measures should be developed to solve the international fisheries disputes which are to occur under enforcement of the new fisheries agreements system. In regards to the acts of violation the fisheries laws in the foreign EEZ the principle of jail sentence prohibition is established by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, and every fisheries agreement reflects this principle. Therefore, the present question is to consider concrete measures to enable the easy release of the seamen, who violated fisheries laws slightly and well-intently, through establishment and management of the guarantee fund needed to make collateral reasonable. Thirdly, Korean-Russian and Russian-Japanese fisheries relations were formed on the basis of the EEZ regime, since 1992 and 1977 respectively, and are expected to maintain mutually beneficial cooperative character. As for Korean-Chinese-Japanese fisheries relations, the operational problems of overlapping zones, and problem of the permits for EEZ mutual access should be solved on the basis of the principle of reciprocity and equity rather than unilaterally from any side.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.187-205
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• 2011

In considering the size of container logistic flow of Korea, one-port as a hub port is desirable in Busan Port, but as development of Busan Port and Gwangyang Port began as two-ports, they are good as mega hub ports. In case when ports of other regions such as Incheon Port are additionally developed, it is very likely that they become feeder ports rather than mega hub ports. As capital area uses Incheon Port and Pyeongtaek Port for transportation, fierce competition arises due to excessive facilities of terminal companies and it is not easy to be profitable. Therefore, it is more profitable to develop regional hub ports centering on near-sea routes of Korea China Japan rather than local ports such as Incheon Port and Pyeongtaek Port for intensive trade and transportation in the capital area. To mitigate excessive competition between container terminal companies, we need administrative guidance to maintain adequacy through comparing tariffs between ports of Japan and China which are in competitive relations with Korean ports. This study analysed efficiency of container terminal companies in Gwangyang Port, Busan Port and Incheon Port using data for five years from 2006 to 2010. As analytical variables, length of quay, floor area of yard, the number of cranes and employees were analytical variables and a total freight volume was a productive factor.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.30 no.5_6
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• pp.273-279
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• 2003

Hypercube multicomputers have been drawing considerable attention from many researchers due to their regular structure and short diameter. One of keys to the performance of Hypercube is the efficiency of communication among processors. Among several communication patterns, multicast is important, which is found in a variety of applications as data replication and signal processing. As the number of processors increases, the probability of occurrences of fault components also increases. So it would be desirable to design an efficient scheme that multicasts messages in the presence of faulty component. In fault-tolerant routing and multicast, there are local information based scheme, global information based scheme and limited information based scheme in terms of information. In general, limited information is easy to obtain and maintain by compressing information in a concise format. In this paper, we propose a new routing scheme and a new multicast scheme using recently proposed fully reachability information scheme and new local information scheme. The proposed multicast scheme increases multicast success possibility and reduce deroute cases. Experiments show that multicast success possibility can increase at least 15% compared to previous method.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumption patterns of traditional Korean rice cake among college students. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 512 college students in the Seoul, Kyunggi, Chungchung, Kyungsang, Junla and Gangwondo areas. The data were statistically analysed using frequency analysis, chi-squared and t-tests and a one-way ANOVA. By examining the results of the student's perceptions of traditional Korean rice cake, it was found that most know little, or only a moderate amount, about this type of food. Meanwhile, more than half the students liked traditional Korean rice cake, as this type of food satisfied their need for a traditional Korean taste, while the reason for disliking was that they were more familiar with western-style confectionary. Most students answered that they only ate traditional Korean rice cake on special occasions, such as big holidays or ceremonies for the dead ancestors. Most answered that they bought those foods at conventional markets, the mile in the neighborhood, (Eds note: I dont't understand, do you mean, “within a mile of their neighborhood”\ulcorner) or atbig malls. The factor they considered the most important at the time of purchase was the quality (taste), which demonstrates the need for the development of traditional Korean rice cakes, with new tastes and shapes, which still satisfy the Korean's taste, whilemaintaining the traditional taste. For the questions that asked about the problems faced by the traditional Korean rice cake manufacturing industry, and the reasons for low consumption, the students responded that buying this type of food was difficult as the outlets selling themwere not easy to find. Our results seem to suggest that there are almost no specialty stores for the sale of traditional Korean rice cake compared to the other types of cakes that are scattered all over the country. (Eds note: this is only my opinion, and I maybe wrong, but I would have thought that trying to market traditional Korean rice cakes at local convenience stores, rather than speciality stores, would make them more available to the general public. Their marketing at speciality stores will maintain the status quo, i.e. people will go to the speciality stores to purchase product for holidays and special occasions, whereas they will go to the local convenience stores to buy general everyday snacks etc.)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.115-123
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• 2009

Integrated information to water quantity and quality is essential for planning water resources management as well as operating water-related infrastructures. Because data collection process including monitoring and maintenance is separated in different governmental agencies in Korea, integrating quantity and quality may provide effective and better management implementation. In this study, a number of suggestions regarding integration of water monitoring were concluded in terms of technological, legal and institutional implications. First, it is necessary to discuss national water monitoring plan, national water information management plan, agreement of standard terms of monitoring between ministries, and to revise the law(river law and water quality management law). Present stations for water monitoring should be used for both of quantity and quality monitoring. If station is newly installed or relocated, it is better that one single agency maintain monitoring frequency and data management as well. In addition, a monitoring protocol need to be agreed by each of parties. In order to develop integrated monitoring system, quality assurance of the collected data should be properly maintained. Since many purposes haven been concerned using of data analysis and assessment so far, it may not be easy to integrate water quantity and quality monitoring in a short period. However, the alternatives including enhancing institutional regulations and programs, advanced technology may promote an efficient integrated water monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.10-21
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• 2018

This study analyzes difficulties of enterprise activities in Chinese construction market by surveys on early entrants and interviews with experts. This study also suggests future strategy to enter the market by using inducement coefficient model. Korean construction companies in China are under heavy pressure to maintain requirement of licenses, despite recent deregulation. They are in dire predicament for market entry due to the Foreign Direct Investment System. It is almost impossible to participate in public projects and also it is not easy to do PPP projects. Therefore, Korean government should make more efforts to solve those issues through negotiations in FTA and GPA. For future expansion in Chinese construction market, it is highly recommended to boost cooperation models between Korea and China according to the empirical results of inducement coefficient model. Korean companies should collaborate with Chinese companies in some fields: smart city, environment and water treatment. Also, Korean government should support Korean companies by diplomatic means such as requesting for further opening of China's market. In GPA or GATS negotiation, Korean government should ask Chinese government that Korean companies can obtain order independently (without joint venture with Chinese companies) in China. Lastly, Korean construction companies should participate in construction projects ordered by international organizations such as ADB, AIIB.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.749-755
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the effects of tube voltage (kVp) and tube current (mAs) on an exposure index (EI) applied to a digital radiography. There used an inverter type digital X-ray generator and an image receptor (IR) utilized a portable wireless detector without a grid. Radiographic images were acquired using a cone pyramid phantom produced using a 3D printer. The X-ray tube voltage was increased from 40 kVp to 120 kVp with 10 kVp increment, and the tube current was increased from 1 mAs to 128 mAs with the twice increment. As a result, kVp had logarithmic relationship with the EI as high $R^2$ value, and mAs had a very high linear relationship too. Also, there was a high correlation between the area dose and the EI of the IR, with the $R^2$ value being 0.76 or more. In conclusion, it had showed that mAs affected the EI linearly, and that it could be advantageous to adjust the easy-to-predict mAs to maintain proper image qualities.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.44-50
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• 2019

The underwater structures of landing pier are not easy to access and it is difficult to check the damage. Lately, typhoons and earthquakes have occurred frequently, which may cause damage to underwater structures of landing pier. In this study, to prevent collapse of underwater structures and to maintain systematically, the application method of FBG sensors and safety evaluation methods were studied. In order to confirm the application of the FBG sensor to the circular steel pipe used as a pile on the landing pier, we conducted laboratory tests and confirmed that the FBG sensor should be applied by welding. As a result of structural analysis of the landing pier structure, the optimal position of FBG sensor confirmed. The stresses on the dead load were calculated by structural analysis, the stresses on the live load were calculated by using the data obtained from the FBG sensor, and then the stress acting on the pile was calculated by adding the two stresses. The calculated stress was compared with the allowable stress to evaluate the safety of the pile. This study was carried out as a basic study to find a way to evaluate the safety of the landing pier in real time.