• 한국측량학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.713-722
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• 2009

중력측량은 지구중력장 결정, 지각의 수직운동, 지오이드면의 변화, 해수면변화, 기후변화 등 측지학적, 지구동력학적 연구의 기초이다. 국토지리정보원에서는 최근 들어 FG-5 절대중력계를 도입하여 절대중력 기준망의 구축을 위한 틀을 마련하였고 다차원 다기능 기준점인 통합기준점을 전국에 약 1,200점을 설치하여 상대중력측량을 실시함으로써 한국의 고정밀 지오이드모델의 개발에 큰 기여를 할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 상대중력측량의 기본적인 이론 및 방법을 상세하게 설명하였고, 최신 상대중력계 Scintrex CG-5를 이용하여 총 21점에 대한 상대중력측량을 수행하였으며, 자유망조정 및 무게제한 망조정 방법을 이용하여 중력성과를 계산 및 비교 분석하였다. 결과, 두 가지 방법 모두 높은 정밀도의 중력성과 계산이 가능하지만 자유망조정이 무게제한 망조정 방법에 비해 상대적인 우위를 보여주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.584-596
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• 2005

한반도 서해 천수만에서 해안선 변화 및 조간대 해빈 특성을 조사하기 위하여 1년 동안 지형, 표층퇴적물, 퇴적율과 해안절벽의 침식율 등을 조사하였다. 천수만의 해안선은 심하게 풍화된 퇴적암과 풍화토층으로 구성되어 있고 관측결과 -58.9\~-73.3 cm/yr$ 후퇴하였다. 해안침식을 지시하는 톱날 모양의 해안선, 고조선 해빈의 전석, 침식되지 못하고 남아있는 잔류암맥, 그리고 바위섬 모양의 "Island Stack" 등의 여러 가지 특징들이 발견되었다. 한편, 해빈 퇴적물의 조성 성숙도는 돌출부에서 만입된 중앙으로 갈수록 성숙된 경향을 보인다. 이는 해빈을 구성하는 사질퇴적물의 기원이 남측과 북측의 돌출부에 있음을 의미하며, 침식된 퇴적물은 파랑에 의해 야기된 연안류에 의해 만입된 중앙으로 이동되는 것으로 해석된다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.22-24
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• 2007

Waterline extraction is the one of widely used methods for studying changes in tidal flat environment and coastlines using multi-temporal optical images such as Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+. High dynamics of tidal currents and land reclamation which accelerate sedimentation and/or erosion cause waterline change in tidal flats. The amount of sediment deposited or eroded can be evaluated by precisely estimating waterline changes in tidal flats. The objective of this study is to detect the change of waterlines during 17 years and analyze the trends of erosion and sedimentation in the study areas. The Ganghwado tidal flat on the west coast of the Korean Peninsula was selected. The study area is famous for high dynamics of tidal currents and vast tidal flats. Land reclamation which has been carried out on a large scale is also considered as one of elements that have accelerated the environmental changes in this tidal flat. In this study, we acquired 26 waterlines from Landsat TM and Landsat ETM+ images. We extracted the waterline from each satellite image to generate a digital elevation map (DEM) which was used for reference and to compare with the other waterline which was extracted from DEM having a same tide. The result of comparison well depicted the areas of dominant sedimentation and erosion, and general trends of sedimentation and erosion according to sub-regions are also revealed during the investigation time. Results showed that erosion during a decade was dominant at the west of the Southern Ganghwado tidal flat, while sedimentation was dominant at the wide channel between the Southern Ganghwado tidal flat and the Yeongjongdo tidal flat. This area has been commonly affected by high currents and sedimentation energy. Although we were not able to verify the accuracy of the waterline changes, this result clearly showed the waterline change and therefore, the waterline extraction method used in this study has proven as an effective tool for long term tidal change estimation.

• ALGAE
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.343-354
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• 2013

To explore the interactions between the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Biecheleria cincta (previously Woloszynskia cincta) and heterotrophic protists, we investigated whether the common heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodinium dominans, Gyrodinium moestrupii, Gyrodinium spirale, Oxyrrhis marina, and Polykrikos kofoidii, and the ciliate Strobilidium sp. were able to feed on B. cincta. We also measured growth and ingestion rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. on B. cincta as a function of prey concentration. In addition, these rates were measured for other predators at single prey concentrations at which the growth and ingestion rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. were saturated. All grazers tested in the present study were able to feed on B. cincta. B. cincta clearly supported positive growth of O. marina, G. dominans, and Strobilidium sp., but it did not support that of G. moestrupii, G. spirale, and P. kofoidii. The maximum growth rates of Strobilidium sp. and O. marina on B. cincta (0.91 and 0.49 $d^{-1}$, respectively) were much higher than that of G. dominans (0.07 $d^{-1}$). With increasing the mean prey concentration, the specific growth rates of O. marina and Strobilidium sp. on B. cincta increased, but either became saturated or slowly increased. The maximum ingestion rate of Strobilidium sp. (1.60 ng C $predator^{-1}\;d^{-1}$) was much higher than that of P. kofoidii and O. marina (0.55 and 0.34 ng C $predator^{-1}\;d^{-1}$) on B. cincta. The results of the present study suggest that O. marina and Strobilidium sp. are effective protistan grazers of B. cincta.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.162-181
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• 1990

동수력학모형이 황해 및 동지나해의 SEASAT 고도계 해면자료를 분석하는데 이용되었다. SEASAT 운용기간중 이 해역에서 태풍이 발생한 7월 28일~8월2일, 8월18일~21일 기간이 고려되었다. 해양모형에 필요한 기상외력은 이론 및 경험적인 관련식으로부터 유도되었다. 시공적으로 큰 변화가 있는 이 해역의 해양조석을 산정하기 위해서 M$_2$, S$_2$, $K_1$ 및 $O_1$, 조석의 4개분조가 이용되었으며 지구조석의 영향도 고려되어 위성고도계자료와 통계적인 비교를 위해 시간종속적인 해면변화를 추정하여 해저마찰연구를 수행하였다. 10경우의 SEASAT 궤적으로부터 조사된 해저마찰계수는 0.0023~0.0027의 범위에 있었다.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.155-161
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• 1999

The land reclamation area of Saemangeum(Kunsan) is located between 126$^{\circ}$10' E~126$^{\circ}$50' E and 35$^{\circ}$35' N~356$^{\circ}$05'N at the western coast of the Korean peninsula. The are many small islands including extensive areas of semi-diurnally flooded and dewatered tidal flats. The reclamation area of Saemangeum has a range of 5.6m spring tide and the maximum tidal current speed is about 1.41m s-1 in ordinary spring tide. Most of the sediments deposited on the tidal flats are transported from the Geum river, the Manjyung river and The Dongjin river. The soil in this area consists of silty sand with the depth of 10m to 30m . The wind in winter is strong from the direction of northwest. In the past twenty years, land reclamation projects for agricutural purpose or industrial cocmplex have been mostly implemented along the western coast of Korea. Saemangeum coastal area is being constructed the33km sea dike and 40, 100ha reclamation area. The purpose of this study is to find the residual circulations in four seasons after the dike construction by a robust diagnostic and prognostic numerical model. Heat flux at the sea surface in January ,May , August , October was asopted on the basis on the daily inflow of solar radiation at the earth surface, assuming an average atomospheric transmission and no clouds , as a function of latitude and time of year(George L.P.J.E William, 1990). The discharge from the Geum , the Mankyung and the Dongjin rivers was adopted on the basis of experience formula of river flow in January , May ,August, October (The M. of C.Korea, 1993) . Water temperature and salinity along the open boundaries are obtained from the results of field observation s.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.325-331
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 함평만에서 만조 시 갯골 해수 변화량 파악을 위해 드론과 영상처리 소프트웨어를 이용하여 시간대별 갯벌 DEM을 구축하였다. 그리고 접근이 곤란한 갯벌에서 기준점 측량 대신 과거 구축한 기준 DEM으로 DEM 매칭방법을 적용하여 제작 DEM을 보정하였다. 보정된 시간대별 DEM으로부터 정사 영상을 제작한 후, 토지피복 분류영상을 제작하였다. 시간대별 토지피복분류영상과 DEM을 이용하여 만조 시간대에 따른 해수 변화량을 파악하였다. 그 결과 만조시간이 지날수록 물의 양은 급속히 증가하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2014

Mixotrophic protists play diverse roles in marine food webs as predators and prey. Thus, exploring mixotrophy in phototrophic protists has emerged as a critical step in understanding marine food webs and cycling of materials in marine ecosystem. To investigate the feeding of newly described mixotrophic dinoflagellate Ansanella granifera, we explored the feeding mechanism and the different types of species that A. granifera was able to feed on. In addition, we measured the growth and ingestion rates of A. granifera feeding on the prasinophyte Pyramimonas sp., the only algal prey, as a function of prey concentration. A. granifera was able to feed on heterotrophic bacteria and the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. However, among the 12 species of algal prey offered, A. granifera ingested only Pyramimonas sp. A. granifera ingested the algal prey cell by engulfment. With increasing mean prey concentration, the growth rate of A. granifera feeding on Pyramimonas sp. increased rapidly, but became saturated at a concentration of $434ngCmL^{-1}$ (10,845 cells $mL^{-1}$). The maximum specific growth rate (i.e., mixotrophic growth) of A. granifera feeding on Pyramimonas sp. was $1.426d^{-1}$, at $20^{\circ}C$ under a 14 : 10 h light-dark cycle of $20{\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$, while the growth rate (i.e., phototrophic growth) under similar light conditions without added prey was $0.391d^{-1}$. With increasing mean prey concentration, the ingestion rate of A. granifera feeding on Pyramimonas sp. increased rapidly, but slightly at the concentrations ${\geq}306ngCmL^{-1}$ (7,649 cells $mL^{-1}$). The maximum ingestion rate of A. granifera feeding on Pyramimonas sp. was 0.97 ng C $predator^{-1}d^{-1}$ (24.3 cells $grazer^{-1}d^{-1}$). The calculated grazing coefficients for A. granifera feeding on co-occurring Pyramimonas sp. were up to $2.78d^{-1}$. The results of the present study suggest that A. granifera can sometimes have a considerable grazing impact on the population of Pyramimonas spp.

• ALGAE
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.149-161
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• 2022

Noctiluca scintillans is a heterotrophic dinoflagellate that causes red-colored oceans during the day (red tides) and glowing oceans at night (bioluminescence). This species feeds on diverse prey, including phytoplankton, heterotrophic protists, and eggs of metazoans. Thus, many scientists have conducted studies on the ecophysiology of this species. It is easy to cultivate N. scintillans at a scale of <1 L, but it is difficult to cultivate them at a scale of >100 L because N. scintillans cells usually stay near the surface, while prey cells stay below the surface in large water tanks. To obtain mass-cultured N. scintillans cells, we developed an automatic system for cultivating N. scintillans on a scale of 100 L. The system consisted of four tanks containing fresh nutrients, the chlorophyte Dunaliella salina as prey, N. scintillans for growth, and N. scintillans for storage, respectively. The light intensities supporting the high growth rates of D. salina and N. scintillans were 300 and 20 µmol photons m^-2 s^-1, respectively. Twenty liters of D. salina culture from the prey culture tank were transferred to the predator culture tank, and subsequently 20 L of nutrients from the nutrient tank were transferred to the prey culture tank every 2 d. When the volume of N. scintillans in the predator culture tank reached 90 L 6 d later, 70 L of the culture were transferred to the predator storage tank. To prevent N. scintillans cells from being separated from D. salina cells in the predator culture tank, the culture was mixed using an air pump, a sparger, and a stirrer. The highest abundance of N. scintillans in the predator culture tank was 45 cells mL^-1, which was more than twice the highest abundance when this dinoflagellate was cultivated manually. This automatic system supplies 100 L of N. scintillans pure culture with a high density every 10 d for diverse experiments on N. scintillans.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.377-387
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• 2001

한반도 서해 중부지역의 대륙붕과 연안의 경계인 근${\cdot}$외해의 퇴적환경과 퇴적작용을 연구하기 위하여 1996년 부터 1999년 사이에 연속적으로 84개의 표층퇴적물을 채취하여 분석하였다. 연구지역 표층퇴적물은 역질 사(gravelly Sand), 사(Sand), 실트질 사(silty Sand) 그리고 사질 실트(sandy Silt)의 퇴적상을 보이고 있다. 조직변수는 표준입도 -0.39${\sim}7.82{\Phi}$, 분급도 0.36${\sim}4.68{\Phi}$, 왜도 -0.38${\sim}$0.86, 첨도 -1.56${\sim}$3.43로서 다양한 분포를 보이며 중앙지역의 조립하고 분급도가 좋은 사질 퇴적물을 중심으로 연안, 북과 남쪽으로 갈수록 세립해지고 분급도가 나빠지는 경향을 나타내며, 조석우세환경을 나타내는 양의 왜도를 나타내고 있다. 퇴적기작은 3가지(밑짐이동, 점이부유, 지속적 부유) 양상에 의하여 3지역으로 구분된다. 파랑, 조류의 영향으로 밑짐이동(mode A)으로 운반, 재분포된 북부지역, 상대적으로 지속적 부유(mode C)에 의한 이동, 운반, 퇴적된 남부지역 그리고 3가지 양상이 복합(mode B)되어 나타나는 중앙지역으로 구분된다. 따라서, 연구지역인 근${\cdot}$외해지역 퇴적환경은 강의 공급, 잔류퇴적물 그리고 수리학적 작용에 의해서 중앙, 남, 북부 지역으로 구별된다. 결론적으로 서해 중부 근${\cdot}$외해지역은 복잡한 수리학적 작용에 의한 다양한 퇴적기작으로 재배치된 연안의 육성기원퇴적물과 대륙붕의 잔류퇴적물이 특징적이며, 이런 퇴적작용으로 인해 연안에서 대륙붕으로 연결시켜주는 전이지역으로서의 퇴적환경을 보여주고 있다.