• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.593-603
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 건강상태를 선행요소로 두고 건강수준의 차이가 노화가 진행되는 과정에서 노후소득수준에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 국민연금공단의 국민노후보장패널자료를 사용하여 1차(2005년)부터 6차년(2015년)까지 10년 동안 종단자료에 모두 존재하는 923명을 최종 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 기술통계분석결과 노년초기건강상태의 차이에 따라 노후소득차이가 발생하는 것으로 조사되었다. 즉, 56~60세 노년초기의 건강상태가 양호한 대상자가 건강하지 못한 대상자에 비해 상대적으로 높은 경제적 수준을 10년간 지속하고 있었다. 다중회귀분석결과에서는 성별, 배우자유무, 교육수준의 효과를 통제한 경우 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 노년초기건강상태가 좋을수록 소득수준이 증가하였다. 또한 노년초기 건강상태가 좋은 고령층은 건강하지 못한 고령층보다 노후소득이 높았으며, 건강상태에 따른 소득차이가 고령화와 함께 지속되고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 노년초기건강상태의 향상과 노년초기 건강상태가 노후소득에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완화시킬 수 있는 정책적 실천적 방안들을 제시하고 있다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2023

새벽배송은 일반 배송 서비스와는 다른 고유한 특성을 가지고 있다. 이 서비스는 일반적으로 새벽 시간대, 주로 새벽 7시 이전에 제품을 고객에게 배송하는 것을 의미한다. 온라인 새벽배송에는 고객측면에서 다양한 가치를 제공하는 반면 판매자와 온라인 쇼핑몰과 같은 서비스 제공자 측면에서는 극복해야 할 적지 않은 도전과제를 가지고 있다. 새벽배송 시장은 PC기반 온라인 쇼핑과 모바일 쇼핑을 합친 온라인 식품판매에서 성장세가 확대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 확대되어 가는 온라인 쇼핑 새벽배송에 대한 고객만족과 재이용의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 한다. 온라인 쇼핑 새벽배송 환경을 모형화하기 위해 독립요인을 다음 세 가지 유형으로 분류하였다: 시스템 특성, 제품특성, 그리고 배달특성. 그리고 본 연구에서는 세 가지 독립요인, 고객만족 (매개요인), 그리고 재이용의도 (종속변수)와의 관계를 실증적으로 탐색하여 보았다. 분석결과, 온라인 쇼핑의 새벽배송 서비스품질에 시스템특성과 제품특성이 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며, 특히 시스템특성 중에 신뢰성, 편리성, 유용성, 그리고 상호작용, 제품특성 중에는 제품품질, 제품가격, 제품다양성, 제품간편성이 고객만족에 정(+)영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 하지만 배달특성은 고객만족도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하고 있다는 결과가 나왔다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.5-18
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• 1999

This study was attempt to encourage for developing on rehabilitation delivery system and programs as a substitute service instead of hospitalization for accident patients at work, such as hospital based home health care nursing service. It needs vary substitutes service of hospitalization to curtail the length of stay for inpatients who were hospitalized with workers compensation insurance. It focused on developing an estimation of early discharge day of accident inpatients based on a detail statement of treatment for 115 inpatients who were hospitalized at General Hospital in 1997. This study has four specific purpose as follows. First, to find out the status of health service utilization. Second, to estimate the early discharge days and income increasing effect based on the early discharge for those patients. Third, to identify the factors to affect total medical expenditure and the length of stay for those inpatients. Forth, to figure out the need of utilizing home health care nursing service for accident patients. In order to analyze of the length of stay and medical expenditure for inpatients who were hospitalized due to the accident, the authors conducted with micro-analysis and macroanalysis from medical records and medical expenditure records. Micro-analysis was done by nominal group discussion of 4 expertise with the critical criteria. such as a decrease in the amount of treatment after surgery, treatments, tests, drugs and changes in the tests consistency, drug methods, vital signs, start of ROM exercise, doctor's order, patient's outside visiting ability, stable conditions. In addition to identify affected variables for medical expenditure. the length of stay and income effect due to early discharge day, the data was analyzed with multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis model by SPSS-PC for windows and Excell program. Results of this study as follows. First, the mean length of stay was 37.1 days, whereas the mean length of stay due to early discharge was 28.2 days at the hospital. The estimation of early discharge days were shown that depends on the length of stay. The longer length of stay, the longer length of early discharge days, such as under 7 days length of stay patients was to estimated the mean length of stay was 4.9 days and early discharge days was 4.6. whereas the mean length of stay was 122.6 days and early discharge days was 92.0 respectively. The mean medical expenditure per day were found to be 133.409 Won. whereas the mean medical expenditure per day was shown negative linear trends according to the length of stay at the hospital. The estimation results of the income effect due to 11 early discharge days per bed was around 2,150,000 won. However, it means not the real benefits from early discharge, but the income increasing amount without considering medical prime cost in general hospital. Therefore, it needs further analysis on the cost containments and benefits under the considering as well turn over rates per bed as the medical prime costs. The length of stay was most significant and the sign was positive to the total medical expenditure, as expected. Surgery and patient's residential area also an important variable in explaining medical expenditure. The level of complications was most significant variable in explaining the length of stay. The level of the needs on horne health care nursing service which can be used for early discharge accident patients were shown very high. The needs distribution varied from 65.5% of patients and 88.9% of caregivers, to 96.4% of doctors, and 99.1% of nurses. In addition horne health nurse responded that they can be managed the accident inpatients from early discharge. From these research findings. the following suggestions has been drawn it needs to develop strategies on rehabilitation delivery system in order to focused on consumer's side which is planned for 21 century health policy in Korea. Vary intermediate facilities and horne health care would have been developed in the community based for comprehensive rehabilitation services as a substitutes of hospitalization for shortening the length of stay of hospitalizations. In hospital based horne health care nursing service, it's available immediately to utilize for the patients who wanted rehabilitation services as a substitutes of hospitalization under the cooperations with workers compensation insurance company.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.58-72
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• 2000

This study was an attempt to encourage the development of a rehabilitation delivery system and programs as a substitute service for hospitalization on the case of car accident patients, such as hospital based home health care nursing services. Various substitute services for hospitalization are required to curtail the length of stay for inpatients who were hospitalized with car accident compensation insurance. It focused on developing an estimation an early discharge day for car accident inpatients based on detailed statements of treatment for 111 inpatients who were hospitalized at the General Hospital in 1997. This study had four specific purposes as follows. First. to find out the utilization of medical services. Second, to estimate the time of early discharge and income increasing effect based on early discharge for those patients. Third, to identify the factors affecting total medical expenditure and the length of stay for those inpatients. Forth, to figure out the need of utilizing home health care nursing service for accident patients. In order to analyze the length of stay and medical expenditure for inpatients who were hospitalized due to car accidents, the authors conducted micro- and macro-analysis of medical and medical expenditure records. Micro-analysis was done by nominal group discussion of 4 expertise with the critical criteria, such as a decrease in the amount of treatment after surgery, treatments, tests, drugs and changes in the test consistency, drug methods, vital signs, start of ROM exercise, doctor's order, patient's outside visiting ability, and stable conditions. In addition to identifying variables affecting medical expenditure, and the length of stay and income effect due to early discharge day, the data was analyzed with a multiple regression analysis and linear regression analysis model by SPSS-PC for windows and Excell program. Results of this study were as follows. First. the mean length of stay was 50.3 days. whereas the mean length of stay due to early discharge was 34.3 days at the hospital. The estimation of time of early discharge depended on the length of stay. The longer the length of stay, the longer the length of time of early discharge : for instance a length of stay under 10 days was estimated as correlating to a mean length of stay of 6.6 days and early discharge of 6.5. The mean length of stay was 217.4 days and the time of early discharge was 110.1 respectively. The mean medical expenditure per day was found to be 169.085 Won and the mean medical expenditure per day showed negative linear trends according to the length of stay at the hospital. The estimation results of the income effect due to being discharged 16 days early was around 2,244,000 won per bed. However. this sum does not represent the real benefits resulting from early discharge, but rather the income increasing amount without considering medical prime cost in the general hospital. Therefore, further analysis is required on the cost containments and benefits as turn over rate per bed as the medical prime costs. The length of stay was most significant and was positive to the total medical expenditure, as expected. Surgery and patient's residential area was also an important variable in explaining medical expenditure. The level of complications was the most significant variable in explaining the length of stay. There was a high level for need a home health care nursing service which further supports early discharge for accident patients. In addition, when the patient was discharged. they needed follow up care for complications suffered during the car accident. $86.8\%$ of discharged patients responded that they needed home health services after early discharge. From these research findings, the following suggestions have been drawn. Strategies on a health care delivery system must be developed in order to focus on the consumer's needs and being planned for 21 century health policy in Korea. Community based intermediate facilities or home health care should be developed for rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization in order to shorten the length of stay would be. A hospital based home health care nursing service. it would be available immediately to utilize by patients who want rehabilitation services as a substitute for hospitalization with the cooperation of car insurance companies.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권10호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 예비유아교사들의 분노표현과 자아탄력성 및 교수효능감을 알아본 후, 각 변인에 대한 상관관계를 파악하고, 더불어 예비유아교사 자아탄력성 수준에 따라 교수효능감에 미치는 상대적 영향력을 살펴보고자 하였다. 유아교육과에 재학 중인 312명의 예비유아교사들을 대상으로 분노표현, 자아탄력성, 교수효능감 척도를 사용하여 설문조사를 한 후, 응답 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 분노표현이 높을수록 자아탄력성과 교수효능감은 낮아지고, 자아탄력성이 높을수록 교수효능감이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 예비유아교사의 교수효능감에 대한 분노표현과 자아탄력성을 분석한 결과, 예비유아교사의 분노표현과 자아탄력성 전체가 교수효능감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 예비유아교사의 분노표현과 자아탄력성의 하위요인은 예비유아교사의 교수효능감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.641-644
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• 2008

콘크리트의 압축강도는 시멘트 수화반응에 의하여 발현되는 것으로, 이러한 수화반응은 온도에 민감한 영향을 받게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 온도에 의한 콘크리트의 영향을 확인하고자 콘크리트의 타설 초기온도 변화 및 양생 조건의 변화에 따른 특성을 실험적으로 평가하였다. 콘크리트의 타설 초기온도를 5$^{\circ}C$, 20$^{\circ}C$로 변화시켜 실험한 결과, 표준양생을 실시한 경우 타설 온도가 낮은 배합에서 재령 3일 이전까지 강도가 낮았으나, 재령 7일 이후에서는 강도가 높아지는 현상이 확인 되었다. 그러나 재령 28일에서는 두 배합의 압축강도 차가 미미하여 온도에 따른 영향이 크지 않은 것으로 확인 되었다. 기건양생을 실시한 경우는 모든 시험체에서 타설 초기온도가 높은 배합이 높은 강도를 나타내었다. 이러한 콘크리트의 타설 초기온도에 따른 압축강도 특성은 SEM관찰 결과 미세구조의 수화양상을 통하여 그 특성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

Early age at menarche, which is indicator of early biological maturity, has been shown to be associated with increased adult body mass index. Early menarche has also been associated with many cardiovascular disease risk factors and metabolic syndrome. To evaluate the impact of menarche to cardiovascular risk factor, we assessed by age at menarche, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), which represents arterial stiffness, in women with or without metabolic syndrome. The subjects recruited for this study were three hundred one women. Relatively early menarche and relatively late menarche were classified according to less than $50^{th}$ percentile for relatively early menarche, and great than the $50^{th}$ percentile for relatively late menarche. Subject were divided four group, 1) women who had not adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively early menarche, 2) women who had not adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively late menarche, 3) women who had adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively early menarche, 4) women who had adulthood metabolic syndrome and relatively late menarche. Women who had a relatively early menarche with adulthood metabolic syndrome had significantly high levels of blood pressure, triglyceride, fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels than women with late menarche with adulthood metabolic syndrome, and had significantly lower HDL-cholesterol levels. And also, women who underwent a relatively early menarche with metabolic syndrome had highest level of baPWV in adult. In this study we found effect of age at menarche on adulthood metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (e.g., baPWV, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia) in Korean women.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 유아교사의 유아권리인식과 교권인식이 유아권리존중 실행에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 수도권 소재 유아교육기관에 근무하는 유아교사 355명을 대상으로 설문지 조사를 실시 후, SPSS 24.0을 활용하여 Pearson 상관관계분석 및 다중회귀분석을 실시했다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 유아교사의 유아권리인식과 교권인식 수준이 높을수록 유아권리존중 실행의 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아교사의 유아권리인식과 교권인식은 유아권리존중 실행을 예측하는 변인으로 밝혀졌다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 통해 우리는 유아교육현장에서 유아권리존중 실행 수준을 높이기 위해 교사의 유아권리와 교권에 대한 인식을 증진시키는 것이 요구됨을 제안한다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2017

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the effect of active trunk training in the sitting position on balance and energy consumption in early stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects of this study were twenty four early stroke patients were recruited and randomly divided into two groups; experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). The subjects in the experimental group participated in active trunk training (20 min) and conventional physical therapy (20 min) five times a week for four weeks. The control group conducted general balance exercise (20 min) and conventional physical therapy (20 min) five times a week for four weeks. The outcomes were assessed using the Berg balance scale, Timed up and go test and energy cost and physiological cost index. RESULTS: Both groups showed a significant increase in their Berg balance scale and significant decrease in their Timed up and go test score, and energy cost and physiological cost index (p<.05). Compared to the control group, the experimental group experienced a greater increase in the Berg balance scale (p<.05) and a larger decrease in the timed up and go test score, and energy cost and physiological cost index (p<.05). CONCLUSION: We suggest that active trunk training in the sitting position may be effective in improving balance and energy consumption in early stroke patients. Thus, active trunk training is important for such patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the effectiveness of trunk training in early stroke patients.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 1979

Effect of gibberllin on the breaking of bud dormancy of root and growth of aerial parts were investigated under laboratory and field condition for the prolongation of shoot growth duration, shortening of fruit bearing age and the increase of root yield. Drop application of GA (0.5ml of 50ppm) on rhizome of one year old root broke bud dormancy better than by low temperature. Soaking for one hour of one year old roots which wintered in the field in GA (50-200ppm) greatly accelerated the emergence of new buds while kinetin was only effective at low level (50ppm). GA substantially increased stem length in early stage and petiole length later on while kinetin increased stem diameter. Under the field condition with polythylene film tunnel (PET) in early spring the soaking in GA (50ppm for 1 hour) of rhizome of 4 year old root with replanting and dropping GA (50ppm, 1ml) on rhizome without replanting brought earlier emergence (29days) in comparison with that in the usual field. PET alone caused 14 day-early emergence. GA increased the length of stem and petiole only in early stage and replanting decreased only petiole length in later stage. Soaking in GA with replanting caused the Pronounced decrease in peduncle length, percentage of (ruin set and dry weight of reproductive organ (fruits and peduncle). Dropping without replanting showed significant decrease only in dry weight of reproductive organ. Fruit maturing was 20 days earlier than in usual held with little difference between GA and PET. It is well expected that GA could be used for early emergence of bud, shortening of root dormancy period, thinning of fruit and higher root yield according to application amount and methods.