• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2006

In this study, EM wave absorbers based on Au coated conductive sheets were prepared, and their reflection and transmission coefficients were investigated. An Au coated conductive sheet showed the transmission loss higher than 40 dB in $1{\sim}18$ GHz. Ba ferrite EM wave absorbers with an Au coated conductive sheet showed enhanced EM wave absorption and shield to compare with Ba ferrite EM wave absorbers without conductive sheets. Proposed EM wave absorbers with conductive sheets are useful to protect EM machines from EM interference by strayfields.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2013

An emergy concept was used to evaluate the contributions of the Youngsan River Estuary to the Korean economy from systems and ecosystem service perspectives. Total emergy input to the estuary was $9.42{\times}10^{20}$ sej/yr with the chemical potential of river inflow accounting for 73% of the total and tidal energy for the remaining 27%, reflecting the unique environmental characteristics of estuaries where rivers meet sea. From the systems perspective, the estuary ecosystem contributed 179.9 billion em\/yr (14.91 million em\/ha/yr or 13,526 em$/ha/yr). Four ecosystem services of the Youngsan River Estuary were selected for the emergy evaluation: fishery production, pollutant removal, aesthetic function, and scientific research information. Aesthetic function contributed the most to the Korean economy with 179.9 billion em\/yr, followed by fishery production (101.1 billion em\/yr), pollutant removal (32.6 billion em\/yr), and scientific research information (934 million em\/yr). Emergy-based values of the selected ecosystem services of the estuary were higher than those calculated by economic methodologies.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.101-112
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological mechanism of orally administered ethanolic extract of fly maggot(EM) on hypocholesterolemic rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into four groups (EM dose control=0, 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0 mg/100 g BW) and were treated for 6 weeks. EM groups revealed a significant reduction in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-C when compared with the control group(p<0.05). HMG-CoA reductase activity in EM groups were lower than those of the control group, but total sterol, neutral sterol, and bile acid excretion were increased in EM groups when compared with the control group(p<0.05). To identify the biological mechanism of EM towards the hypocholesterolemic effect, sterol response element binding proteins (SREBPs) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ($PPAR{\alpha}$ transcription system were determined in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. It was discovered that EM suppress the expression of SREBP-$1{\alpha}$ and SREBP-2 mRNA in the liver tissues of high-cholesterol diet fed rats, while simultaneously increasing the expression of $PPAR{\alpha}$ mRNA(p<0.05). This finding indicates that EM may have hypocholesterolemic effects in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet, by regulating cholesterol metabolism-related biochemical parameters and SREBP-$1{\alpha}$ SREPB-2 and $PPAR{\alpha}$gene expression.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2004

Background and Objective: Erythema multiforme(EM) is related disorders of skin and mucous membranes which is typically associated with antecedent medications or infections. etc. EM is an erythematous maculopapular cutaneous eruption of variable form. However, the pathophysiology of the EM remains obscure. Treatment at present is symptomatic and supportive. There is no report on EM treated with oriental medical treatment. Methods: We conducted one patient with EM seen at Won-Kwang University Kwang-Ju Oriental Medical Hospital in 2004. We treated EM in a twenty-two years old man by a herbal medicine(Joa-Chang-Bang), a herbal medicine for external use, acupunture, moxa, COTDE-made cosmetics, and P-Tx(carbon). Conclusions. We had a significant results. So we report this case to estimate the efficiency of oriental medical treatment and management on EM.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.317-334
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• 2002

Ginsenosides are metabolized (deglycosylated) by intestinal bacteria to active forms after oral administration. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol $20-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (M1) and 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (M4) are the main intestinal bacterial metabolites (IBMs) of protopanaxadiol- and protopanaxatriol-type glycosides. M1 was selectively accumulated into the liver soon after its intravenous (i.v.) administration to mice, and mostly excreted as bile; however, some M1 was transformed to fatty acid ester (EMl) in the liver. EM1 was isolated from rats in a recovery dose of approximately $24mol\%.$ Structural analysis indicated that EM1 comprised a family of fatty acid mono-esters of M1. Because EM1 was not excreted as bile as Ml was, it was accumulated in the liver longer than M1. The in vitro cytotoxicity of M1 was attenuated by fatty acid esterification, implying that esterification is a detoxification reaction. However, esterified M1 (EM1) inhibited the growth of B16 melanoma more than Ml in vivo. The in vivo antitumor activity paralleled with the pharmacokinetic behavior. In the case of M4, orally administered M4 was absorbed from the small intestine into the mesenteric lymphatics followed by the rapid esterification of M4 with fatty acids and its spreading to other organs in the body and excretion as bile. The administration of M4 prior to tumor injection abrogated the enhanced lung metastasis in the mice pretreated with 2-chloroadenosine more effectively than in those pretreated with anti-asialo GMl. Both EM1 and EM4 did not directly affect tumor growth in vitro, whereas EM1 promoted tumor cell lysis by lymphocytes, particularly non-adherent splenocytes, and EM4 stimulated splenic NK cells to become cytotoxic to tumor cells. Thus, the esterification of IBM with fatty acids potentiated the antitumor activity of parental IBM through delay of the clearance and through immunostimulation. These results suggest that the fatty acid conjugates of IBMs may be the real active principles of ginsenosides in the body.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 2011

O presente estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar a influência de vocabulários de origem africana em uso no português brasileiro(PB). A fim disso, observamos os tipos e as características das línguas africanas. E ainda, para compreender a situação atual de uso desses termos no Brasil, apresentamos um panorama do registro dos vocábulos de origem africana no PB, e organizamos os vocabulários em três categorias, especialmente, nos registros dos séculos XIX e XX. Em primeiro, a categoria 1 pode ser usada em qualquer interação social, contrastando com as outras duas categorias. Em segundo, a categoria 2 é constuída de termos informais, de uso coloquial que, eventualmente, dependendo da situação, são substituídos por outras. Por último, a categoria 3 é de termos marcadamente informais, de uso restrito. Através disso, comparamos os registros anteriores com os dados obtidos da nossa pesquisa. Com os resultados, podemos reconhecer a estabilidade e o dinamismo do uso desses termos hoje no PB.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.157-161
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• 2006

Generally, a silicone rubber and a chlorinated polyethylene(CPE) have been used as a binder for the development of high-performance composite EM(Electro Magnetic) wave absorbers. In this paper, the EM wave absorption performance of natural lacquer, which is newly proposed as a binder was investigated. The prepared MnZn ferrite EM wave absorbers are mixed with natural lacquer showed excellent EM wave absorption characteristics compared with MnZn ferrite EM wave absorbers which are mixed with the conventional binders. MnZn ferrite EM wave absorbers mixed with natural lacquer were prepared and their absorption ability was also investigated. The EM wave absorbers are fabricated in different proportions of MnZn, or NiZn ferrite and natural lacquer, and their reflection coefficients are measured. The permittivity and permeability are calculated by using the measured reflection coefficients. The EM wave absorption abilities are calculated according to different thicknesses of the EM wave absorbers.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2009

Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp. and yeast were the most dominant organisms in the EM stock culture and subculture product. Lactic acid bacteria and yeast were able to grow in the fermentation process utilizing seawater. EM treatment of higher concentrations using EM stock culture and EM clay balls (1% or 4%) contributed to an early removal of malodor and an increase of DO in the polluted sediments, indicating an odor-removing activity of EM. The EM treatment of higher concentrations (1% or 4%) somewhat appeared to modify the microbial communities within the sediments, which was confirmed by existence of a few unique fragments from the stock culture based on PCR-DGGE. It still remains to be elucidated that EM cultures were directly involved in the malodor removal and potential sediment bioremediation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.734-737
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• 2005

This study was conducted to determine the effect of effective microorganism (EM) treatment in feeding system of swine on carcass characteristics. EM pork, which reared with EM additives and EM activated liquids, and conventional pork (non-EM pork) were stored at $4^{\circ}C$. Chemical composition and storage stability of EM pork were compared with conventional pork. Cholesterol content at EM pork was 71 mg/100 g, which is lower than that of conventional pork (83 mg/100 g) when the meats were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ refrigerator. And EM pork (0.165 MDA mg/kg) showed higher antioxidant effect than control pork (0.184 MDA mg/kg). And also protein denaturalization at EM pork showed lower rate $(3.19\;mg\%)$ than that of conventional pork $(4.9\;mg\%)$ when the meats were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ refrigerator, showing that inhibitory effect of protein denaturalization was increased up to $35\%$ over the conventional pork. These results show that the EM pork had superior traits in terms of cholesterol level, lipid oxidation and protein denaturalization to the conventional pork.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2023

In this article we relate the six Prüfer conditions with the EM conditions. We use the EM-conditions to prove some cases of equivalence of the six Prüfer conditions. We also use the Prüfer conditions to answer some open problems concerning EM-rings.