• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.119-141
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• 2015

As the population of senior citizens has been increasing very rapidly, the importance of their education is gradually emphasized. To maintain their mental and physical health, the solution on the biological, physical, and educational approach might be helpful and effective. Especially in the aspect of the educational approach, the mathematics education can be regarded as an important subject for keeping the seniors in a good mental health. The reason is that the ultimate goal of mathematics education is to pursue an enhancement of mathematical thinking ability. By the reason, this study aimed to develop mathematical materials for enhancing seniors' thinking ability, and the seniors usually belong to fifties and sixties. To this purpose, this study selected the six essential mathematical thinking elements and four mathematical domains of 'number and operation', 'shape and measurement', 'possibility', and 'patterns'. Based on these elements, the mathematical materials including the nine types of activities using games and commercial manipulatives were developed. On the subject of 52 female seniors, the instruction was conducted using a part of the materials during 100 minutes. Also, 13 survey items were developed beforehand, and the survey was implemented after the class, and eventually 48 seniors responded in the survey. As a result, it is meaningful to develop the materials not only for enhancing mathematical thinking ability but for understanding and utilizing the content of materials. Furthermore, it is requested that those materials be differentiated according to the degree or the difference of age, academic ability, and sex.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.145-164
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to develope the teaching materials of career education for the 'Information and Communication Technology and Our Life' unit in the technology education. As preparation phase, in order to choose the suitable contents for career education, we analyzed the technology education curriculum and 'Information and Communication Technology and our Life' unit of technology and home economics. And then we compared and analyzed the existing related researches. After content analysis of the teaching materials for career education, we mapped the contents into career education area. In the 'Design' step of teaching, we extracted the unit design components after analyzing 'Development in Information and Communication Technology' unit of eleven text books used in 2007 revised curriculum In the 'Introduction', 'Activity', 'Arrangement' steps of teaching, by applying the SHIP model, one of career education program model, we develop the teaching materials. Then, we get expert evaluation using questionnaire and improve the suitability of the teaching materials. The results are as followings: First, our teaching materials reflect the development history of information and communication technology well, show the features of career education, and are suitable to middle school students as the teaching materials. Second, our teaching materials can help students to face various jobs related with the development of Information and communication technology, to have more interests and exploring opportunities about 'Information and Communication Technology' subject. Third, our teaching materials can help teachers to use it for the career education of 'Information and Communication Technology and our Life' unit of 2007 revised curriculum in the class time. Our teaching materials can also be used in the extra activity related to career education and the Creative Experience Activities. Furthermore, since 2009 revised curriculum includes the career education unit in the 'Information and Communication Technology' subject, our teaching materials can be used partially as the teaching materials in the future.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2016

In this study $TiO_2$/reduced graphene oxide ($TiO_2/rGO$) bipyramid with tunable nanostructure was fabricated by two-step solvothermal process and subsequent heat-treatment in air. The as-synthesized anatase $TiO_2$ nanocrystals possessed morphological bipyramid with exposed dominantly by (101) facets. Polyethylenimine was utilized during the combination of $TiO_2$ and graphene oxide (GO) to tune the surface charge, hindering the restack of graphene during solvothermal process and resulting in 1 to 5 layers of rGO wrapped on $TiO_2$ surface. After a further calcination, a portion of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with a diameter about 2 nm were produced owing to the oxidizing and cutting of rGO on $TiO_2$. The as-prepared $TiO_2/rGO$ hybrid showed a highly photocatalytic activity, which is about 3.2 and 7.7 times enhancement for photodegradation of methyl orange with compared to pure $TiO_2$ and P25, respectively. We assume that the improvement of photocatalysis is attributed to the chemical bonding between rGO/CQDs and $TiO_2$ that accelerates photogenerated electron-hole pair separation, as well as enhances light harvest.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.132-139
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• 2018

Nanocrystalline reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel samples were prepared using surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Un-SMATed and SMATed reduced activation ferritic/martensitic samples were irradiated by helium ions at $200^{\circ}C$ and $350^{\circ}C$ with 2 dpa and 8 dpa, respectively, to investigate the effects of grain boundaries (GBs) and temperature on the formation of He bubbles during irradiation. Experimental results show that He bubbles are preferentially trapped at GBs in all the irradiated samples. Bubble denuded zones are clearly observed near the GBs at $350^{\circ}C$, whereas the bubble denuded zones are not obvious in the samples irradiated at $200^{\circ}C$. The average bubble size increases and the bubble density decreases with an increasing irradiation temperature from $200^{\circ}C$ to $350^{\circ}C$. Both the average size and density of the bubbles increase with an increasing irradiation dose from 2 dpa to 8 dpa. Bubbles with smaller size and lower density were observed in the SMATed samples but not in the un-SMATed samples irradiated in the same conditions, which indicate that GBs play an important role during irradiation, and sink strength increases as grain size decreases.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.2193-2199
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• 2012

A series of novel polytriazoleimides were prepared from various aromatic dianhydrides and a new kind of 1,2,3-triazole-containing aromatic diamine synthesized by the Cu (I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction in DMAc, and characterized by FT-IR, $^1H$-NMR, XRD, DSC and TGA techniques. The results show the polytriazoleimides are soluble in most of strong polar solvents and have inherent viscosity values of 0.51-0.62 dL/g(DMAc). The polytriazoleimide films exhibit a tensile strength of 62.3-104.5 MPa and an elongation at breakage of 4.0-8.1%, a glass transition temperature ($T_g$) of $257-275^{\circ}C$, a decomposition temperature (at 5% weight loss) of $350-401^{\circ}C$ in $N_2$ atmosphere, and a dielectric constant of 2.47-3.01 at 10 MHz, which depend on the structure of the polymers. The polytriazoleimides perform good resistance to acid and alkali solution.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.285-291
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• 2012

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is well known as a biocompatible and bioactive material. HA has been practically applied as bone graft materials in a range of medical and dental fields. In this study, two types of dense hydroxyapatite ceramics were prepared from natural bones and synthetic materials. The biocompatibility of HA ceramics for supporting osteoblast cell growth and cytotoxicity using an in vitro MG-63 cell line model were respectively evaluated. Artificial hydroxyapatite shows relative density of 93% with 1-2 ${\mu}m$ after sintering, but a hydroxyapatite compact derived from bovine bone has low sintered density of 85% with a small content of MgO. Irrespective of the starting raw materials, both types of sintered hydroxyapatite displayed similar biocompatibility in the tests. FE-SEM observations showed that most MG-63 cells had a stellar shape and formed an intercellular matrix containing fibers on sintered HA. The cells were well attached and grown over the HA surface, indicating that there was no toxicity.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine whether the visual materials presented in the science textbooks coincide with those visual materials that are preferred the most by students. After analyzing the visual materials presented in the unit "Molecular Motion and Change of State" of science textbooks for the first grade of middle school, questionnaires by teaching-learning process are made. Thereafter, students are requested to select those types of visual materials that were preferred by them by process and describe their reasons for the selection. According to the results of the survey of students' perception, students at the high science achievement level prefer those visual materials that were presented conceptually and implicatively, while students at the low science achievement level prefer concrete and detailed visual materials. Except for the learning motivation process, the proportion of non-preferred visual materials is higher in the remaining processes and those visual materials that were presented in the science textbooks are much different from those visual materials that were preferred by students.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-95
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• 2003

There have been tremendous needs and requirements of special education for the gifted to the level of country development and for developing their talents. Even though a lot of research has been done on special education for the gifted supported by the government, lack of educational materials and material development has been a main concern. Some trails using the web with the help of information technology have been made on distance education and resulted good effect on education. No application using a web-based educational method has been made on special education for the gifted so far. This paper describes about the web-based special education for the gifted on mathematics. The discussed topics are development of educational materials, compliments of the current educational materials in mathematics being used at the KIGES(Kyungnam Institute of the Gifted Education in Science), and the continuation of special education for the gifted. Furthermore, a better and more efficient way is suggested for special education for the gifted that has been limited by geographic and locational restrictions.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.643-652
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• 2020

Since the 21st century knowledge and information society 20 years ago, online education has been emphasized. Online courses at online universities or universities have been activated in developed countries. But to this day, online lectures have not been activated at education colleges and have been used as supplementary educational materials. Since February 2020, the company has been forced to provide online education due to external factors of the coronavirus. In this study, the results of the results of the first semester of 2020 by organizing the online lectures in the same way as the offline lectures for the 2019 prospective teachers are as follows. Online education can be seen as effective in terms of understanding the achievement criteria, in terms of developing teaching materials, in terms of evaluation data development and evaluation methods, and in terms of students' ability to provide software education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 1990

Development of science education curriculum and instructional materials have been considered as the matt essential task for the establishment of scince education as an independent discipline, and for the intrenchment of status and identity of colles of Education The aim of this study was to identify the necessity and types for the development of science education curriculum and instructional materials. The nature and structure of science education were discussed in connection with school science subjects, science of education, and the structure of science education system. Also essential theory and practice of modular approach for development of curriculum were investigated in order to organize a guideline for the development of scince education modules. The guideline includes development procedures, major contents. and structure of science education modules which is organized by integration of the nature of scince education and concepts of modular approach for curriculum development.