• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.185-192
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• 2012

It is the concept of this paper to build up the convergence type of the total class service system, and the goal is to develop the education services, which are differentiated from existing digital textbooks and development tools. We establish developmental programs and convergence strategies from market analyses related to apps and digital education. Then this paper proposes 'E-Class Author Service System (ECA)' as an education service system based on the tablet PC. It is the convergence system of the app type of textbook development tool and class management system. Teachers can produce and develop class materials and textbooks using the app type of textbook development tool in ECA service system. They can also add necessary functions from the class management system for efficient class progress. ECA improves the interaction and communication between a teacher, student and parents in the sever-based network. This study expects that ECA will achieve prior occupation of the app market as an educational app development tool and reduce private education expenses.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

In this paper, novel carbon nanotube (CNT)-filled Solderable electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) and joining process have been developed. To investigate the bonding characteristics of CNT-filled Solderable ECA, three types of Solderable ECAs with different CNT weight percent (0, 0.1, 1wt%) were formulated. For a joining process, the quad flat package (QFP) chip was used. The QFP chip had a size of $14{\times}14{\times}2.7$ mm and a 1 mm lead pitch. The test board had a Cu daisy-chained pattern with 18 ${\mu}m$ thick. After the bonding process, the bonding characteristics such as morphology of conduction path, electrical resistance and pull strength were measured for each formulated ECAs. As a result, the electrical and mechanical bonding characteristics for a QFP joints using CNT-filled ECA were improved about 10% compared to those of QFP joints using ECA without CNT.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.207-216
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• 2015

The development of IT technology has brought many changes in military operations. For example, the way of transmitting and receiving information from one another has changed. Partiicularly, in the case of the ROK Navy, they utilize encrypted real-time chattig over wire wireless network in operations and tranings. However, text communication is being utilized more in exanging of simple informations, and not for the partical informations required in the operations and exercises, doctrines and guidebooks are still being used in these cases. Therefore, I have designed a rule-based engine which can provide real-time informations by linking ECA rules to text communication, and it has been verified by running virtual scenarios. As a rusult, this engine showed an accuracy of 83%.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.435-448
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• 2013

The aim of this study is to investigate and develop the extended models for Economic Cash Amount(ECA), Cash Break Even-Point(BEP), and Cash Flow Statement(CFS) by referencing systematic literature review in the field. The study develops three extended models to determine the optimal cash amount: ECA model with interest opportunity cost, financing transaction cost and financing fail cost, ECA model with daily cash supply and interest opportunity cost, ECA model with financing fail cost and interest opportunity cost. Earnings Before Interests, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization(EBITDA) is obtained by subtracting noncash depreciation costs from Earning Before Interest and Tax(EBIT), which is efficient metric to evaluate operating cash flow. The research also develops two extended Cash BEP models, considered as interest and corporate tax, in order to indentify the break-even point as EBITDA equals zero. Furthermore, this paper proposes the modified version of CFS by introducing the reclassification of operating and financing accounts in the statement of financial position. In addition, the study also present the reclassification of five types of profit, such as gross profit, EBIT, ordinary profit, special profit, and net profit within the statement of comprehensive income. In order to provide a better understanding of the proposed cash flow models, numerical examples, such as two-sample t test and Analysis of Variance(ANOVA), are presented to demonstrate the statistical significance according to the industrial types for net working capital(i.e cash-to-cash), net profit, operating cash flow and free cash flow.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.6
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• pp.834-840
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• 2020

Objective : Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is an effective surgical procedure for treating symptomatic or asymptomatic patients with carotid stenosis. Many neurosurgeons use a shunt to reduce perioperative ischemic complications. However, the use of shunting is still controversial, and the shunt procedure can cause several complications. In our institution, we used two types of modified arteriotomy suture techniques instead of using a shunt. Methods : In technique 1, to prevent ischemic complications, we sutured a third of the arteriotomy site from both ends after removing the plaque. Afterward, the unsutured middle third was isolated from the arterial lumen by placing a curved Satinsky clamp. And then, we opened all the clamped carotid arteries before finishing the suture. In technique 2, we sutured the arteriotomy site at the common carotid artery (CCA). We then placed a curved Satinsky clamp crossing from the sutured site to the carotid bifurcation, isolating the unsutured site at the internal carotid artery (ICA). After placing the Satinsky clamp, the CCA and external carotid artery (ECA) were opened to allow blood flow from CCA to ECA. By opening the ECA, ECA collateral flow via ECA-ICA anastomoses could help to reduce cerebral ischemia. Results : The modified suture methods can reduce the cerebral ischemia directly (technique 1) or via using collaterals (technique 2). The modified arteriotomy suture techniques are simple, safe, and applicable to almost all cases of CEA. Conclusion : Two modified arteriotomy suture techniques could reduce perioperative ischemic complications by reducing the cerebral ischemic time.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1101-1105
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• 2006

Ubiquitous computing network comprises a variety of distributed service devices. Today Web services technology enables the heterogeneous devices to provide their own services and interact with each other via well-defined Internet protocol. Nevertheless, service devices in ubiquitous environments require more event-driven, autonomous interaction beyond rather passive service-oriented architecture of the present time. This paper presents an ECA (Event-Condition-Action) rule description language in an attempt to support capability for autonomous interactions among service-oriented devices in ubiquitous computing network. Specifically, the proposed WS-ECA is an XML-based ECA rule description language for web service-enabled devices. The rules are embedded in distributed devices which invoke appropriate services in the network if the rules are triggered by some internal or external events. The presented ECA-based device coordination approach is expected to facilitate seamless inter-operation among the web service-enabled devices in the emerging ubiquitous computing environment.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.49-68
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• 2015

Given a query (a health question), retrieval of relevant frequently asked questions (FAQs) is essential as the FAQs provide both reliable and readable information to healthcare consumers. The retrieval requires the estimation of the semantic similarity between the query and each FAQ. The similarity estimation is challenging as semantic structures of Chinese healthcare FAQs are quite different from those of the FAQs in other domains. In this paper, we propose a conceptual model for Chinese healthcare FAQs, and based on the conceptual model, present a technique ECA that estimates conceptual similarities between FAQs. Empirical evaluation shows that ECA can help various kinds of retrievers to rank relevant FAQs significantly higher. We also make ECA online to provide services for FAQ retrievers.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.31-36
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• 2007

도전성 접착제는 많은 잠재적인 우수한 특성으로 응용범위가 점차로 확대되어 가고 그 시장 규모가 증가하는 추세에 있다. 본 논문에서는 전자패키징에서 널리 사용되어 오던 기존의 솔더를 대체하는 재료로서 도전성 접착제의 기술 동향에 대해 살펴보았다. 최근, 기존의 ECAs의 도전메커니즘(도전입자의 기계적/물리적 접촉)에 기인한 문제점을 극복하기 위한 나노입자를 사용한 여러형태의 ECAs와 접속 기술들이 활발히 개발 되고 있다. 앞서 언급한 바와 같이, ECAs가 가지는 낮은 전기도도와 불안정한 전기적 특성을 향상시키기 위한 개선하기 위한 도전입자 및 폴리머 주재의 성능향상을 위한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있지만 이러한 문제점을 극복할 새로운 재료의 개발 및 공정에 대한 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 최근 급속하게 전개되고 있는 전자 패키징 분야의 경박단소화, 고기능화, 다기능화 추세에 따른 미세피치화, 고전력/고주파 대응, 발열 문제 등의 해결할 수 있는 새로운 재료 및 공정에 대한 연구 개발은 가속화 될 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.139-145
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• 2010

Since the beginning of 1960s, Korea has been advanced into Africa but we are much too late to extend its business in African Market due to lack of understanding about there. From being the latest Africa is understanding as 'Rising Sun & Post Brics' for Korea. As an advance strategy in Afrcan Market suggest to get international co-operation from ECA, OAU, IFC together with IMF & IBRD etc.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2003

The requirement of distributed multimedia applications is the need for sophisticated QoS(quality of service) management. In terms of distributed multimedia systems, the most important catagories for quality of service are a timeless, volume, and reliability In this paper, we discuss a method for increasing reliability through fault tolerance. We describe the design and implementation of the ECA running on distributed multimedia environment. ECA is a system is able to classify automatically a software error based on distributed multimedia. This papaer explains a performance analysis of an error classification system running on distributed multimedia environment using the rule-based DEVS modeling and simulation techniques. In DEVS, a system has a time base, inputs, states, outputs, and functions.