• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 1998

Plasma concentrations of Vitamins E and A were measured in 15 non-insulin dependent Korean female subjects and 15 age-matched normal subjects using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. No differences were found in plasma Vitamin E concentrations between the 2 groups. Plasma Vitamin A concentrations were higher in subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes melitus (NIDDM). The effects were evaluated of 4 weeks of daily supplementation of 400 mg Vitamin E on plasma levels of these two vitamins. In addition, the effects were observed for Vitamin E supplementation on oxidative stress and immune-related compound productions in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients and control subjects. After treatment with Vitamin E, plasma Vitamin E concentrations were significantly elevated in both groups. Basal plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBABS) were identical, and a decreased level of TBARS caused by Vitamin E was observed only in the diabetic group (0.02739$\pm$0.0024 versus 0.01814$\pm$0.0008 nmols malondialdehyde equivalents/dl plasma ; p<0.05). The basal and after-treatment levels of immunoglobulins A, G, M were identical in control and diabetic groups, indicating that Vitamin E did not appear to alter gross humoral responses in this study. However, elevation of Complement 3 ($C_3$) was noticed due to Vitamin E supplementation, revealing a possible effect of vitamin E on one aspect of humoral immunity, Furthermore, an increase in prostaglandin E_2 ($PGE_2$) levels in diabetic patients was normalized by Vitamin E supplementation. This suggests indirectly that the depressed cell-mediated response due to elevated $PGE_2$ could be normalized. For the definitive antioxidant intake recommendations for prevention and treatment of adverse effects of non-insulin dependent diabetes, evidence from intervention trials like this study should be collected. The present data suggests that Vitamin E may oxen some protective effects against oxidative damage and might have beneficial effects of partial immune-stimulation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2012

21세기의 행정은 급속도로 변화하고 있다. 정보사회의 고도화를 통해 제시되고 있는 유비쿼터스 기반의 재구성은 정보지식사회로의 패러다임 환경 변화를 반영하고 있다. 공공부문에서의 행정조직의 재구조화(restructuring)와 조직혁신(organization reengineering)을 통해 행정서비스를 개선시키려는 시도도 역시 지속되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지금까지 추진되어 온 전자정부의 진행과정을 정리해보고, 진단과 성과 측정을 위한 시론적 접근을 시도하고 있다. 이는 앞으로 대두될 미래의 전자정부가 지속성을 유지하기 위한 차원에서 점검이 필요하다. 또한 향후 보다 분석적 연구를 통해 전자정부에 관한 명확하고 다양한 성과관리 및 평가가 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• ALGAE
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

Ulva pertusa, a common bloom-forming green alga, was used as a model system to examine the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) and temperature on growth and photosynthetic performance. To do this, U. pertusa was grown under four temperature and CO₂ conditions; ambient CO₂ (400 μatm) and temperature (16℃) (i.e., present), elevated temperature only (19℃) (ET; i.e., warming), elevated CO₂ only (1,000 μatm) (EC; i.e., acidification), and elevated temperature and CO₂ (ET and EC; i.e., greenhouse), and its steady state photosynthetic performance evaluated. Maximum gross photosynthetic rates (GP_max) were highest under EC conditions and lowest under ET conditions. Further, ET conditions resulted in decreased rate of dark respiration (R_d), but growth of U. pertusa was higher under ET conditions than under ambient temperature conditions. In order to evaluate external carbonic anhydrase (eCA) activity, photosynthesis was measured at 70 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ in the presence or absence of the eCA inhibitor acetazolamide (AZ), which inhibited photosynthetic rates in all treatments, indicating eCA activity. However, while AZ reduced U. pertusa photosynthesis in all treatments, this reduction was lower under ambient CO₂ conditions (both present and warming) compared to EC conditions (both acidification and greenhouse). Moreover, Chlorophyll a and glucose contents in U. pertusa tissues declined under ET conditions (both warming and greenhouse) in conjunction with reduced GP_max and R_d. Overall, our results indicate that the interaction of EC and ET would offset each other’s impacts on photosynthesis and biochemical composition as related to carbon balance of U. pertusa.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2011

EFDC 모형에서 해수유동과 퇴적물 이동을 모의하고자 하는 경우에 필요한 해수유동과 퇴적물 이동 모듈외의 수질 모델 등의 요소가 해수유동 모의시간에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 해수유동과 퇴적물 이동의 계산에 불필요한 수질요소관련 프로그램과 조건문 들을 모델에서 제거하는 방법으로 모형을 간략화하고 계산시간을 비교하였다. 수정된 EFDC 모형(EFDC-E)을 사용하여 목포해역에서 조류에 대하여 모의하고, 계산에 소요되는 시간과 모의결과를 EFDC 모형을 이용한 모의결과와 비교하였다. 또한, 2차원 모형과 3차원 모형을 동시에 적용하여 2차원 모의결과와 3차원 모의결과의 차이점에 대한 분석과 각 모형의 목포해역 조류 비대칭에 대한 재현성에 대해서 검토하였다. 간략화과정을 통해서 개선된 EFDC-E 모형은 EFDC 모형보다 2차원과 3차원 조류모의에서 약 3배 빠르게 계산하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 2차원 모의결과는 수심평균유속을 계산하여 상층에서 관측한 조류를 정확하게 재현하지 못하였으나, 3차원 모형을 적용한 결과는 2차원 모의보다 유속크기가 관측치와 보다 잘 일치하는 모습을 보였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.891-898
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• 2011

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of combination of disinfection process (electrolysis, UV process) on Escherichia coli (E. coli) disinfection and oxidants (OH radical, $ClO_2$, HOCl, $H_2O_2$ and $O_3$) generation. The effect of electrolyte type (NaCl, KCl and $Na_2SO_4$) on the E. coli disinfection and oxidants generation were evaluated. The experimental results showed that performance of E. coli disinfection of electrolysis and UV single process was similar. Combination of electrolysis and UV process enhanced the E. coli disinfection and 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA, indicator of the generation of OH radical) degradation. It is clearly showed synergy effect on disinfection and OH radical formation. However chlorine ($ClO_2$, HOCl) and oxygen type ($H_2O_2$, $O_3$) oxidants were decreased with the combination of two process. In electrolysis + UV complex process, electro-generated $H_2O_2$ and $O_3$ were reacted with UV light of UV-C lamp and increased 4-CBA degradation(increase OH radical). Disinfection of electrolyte of chlorine type was higher than that of the sulfate type electrolyte due to the higher generation of OH radical and oxidants.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.83-111
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to identify which factors are important for learning performance and the moderating effects of self-regulated factors such as elaboration and organization between users characteristic(perceived usefulness, preparatory education, internet experience) and learning performance. To Accomplish these research purpose, this study performed a survey and 173 response were used for statistical analysis. The results of this study are as follows: First, 7 factors(ease of use, interactivity, accuracy, media richness, perceived usefulness, preparatory education, internet experience) had significant impacts on learning performance whereas reliability did not. Second, the moderating effects of self-regulated factors showed that Elaboration of self-regulated factors can be considered as a significant moderating variable between 2 factors(perceived usefulness, internet experience) and teaming performance.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2023

In this study, carbon-coated porous nanofibers were prepared via electrospinning and the performance of Li[Ni_0.93Co_0.07]O₂ (NC) synthesized by electrospinning (E-NC) and co-precipitation (C-NC) was compared. E-NC had a discharge capacity of 206 mAh g^-1 at 0.1C (17 mA/g), which is 10% higher than that of C-NC (189.2 mAh g^-1). E-NC shows a high-rate performance of 118.32 mAh g^-1 (61.7%) at 5C (850 mA/g), which is 50% higher than that of C-NC (78.22 mAh g^-1 = 45.7%). Charge transfer of the carbon-coated porous nanofiber E-NC decreased by 35% compared to C-NC after 20 cycles as observed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results of this study show that the nanofiber structure with carbon coating shortens the Li-ion diffusion path, improves electrical conductivity, resulting in excellent rate performance.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제32권11_12호
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• pp.654-662
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• 2005

무선 네트워크는 한정된 배터리 전원에 의존하는 이동 휴대 기기를 사용하기 때문에 무선 통신 프로토콜을 설계하는데 있어서 에너지 효율에 대한 고려가 필요하게 되었다. 무선 환경에서 대표적인 TCP 성능 향상 연구 중에 하나인 TCP-Westwood는 ACK를 이용한 샘플링 기법으로 가용 대역폭을 측정한다. 측정한 가용 대역폭을 이용해서 효과적인 데이타 전송을 할 수 있다는 장점을 갖는 반면에, TCP-Westwood 송신단이 무선 구간에 있을 경우에 대한 고려가 미흡하다. 본 논문에서는 TCP-Westwood의 송신단이 무선 구간에 있을 경우에 발생하는 문제점을 보완하기 위해서 새로운 전송 프로토콜인 E2TP(Energy Efficient Transport Protocol)를 제안한다. 제안한 E2TP는 패킷 손실이 발생할 경우에는 일시적인 전송 단위 조절을 이용한 재전송 방법을 사용하여 보다 효과적인 데이타 전송을 수행한다. E2TP의 성능을 검증하기 위한 실험 결과, E2TP가 전송률 및 에너지 효율 측면에서 TCP와 TCP-Westwood보다 성능이 향상됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2008

It is often believed that a more complex water quality model is better able to simulate reality. The more complex a model, however, the more parameters are involved thus increases the cost and uncertainty of modeling processes. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two steady-state river water quality models, QUAL2E and QUAL-NIER, that have different complexity. QUAL-NIER is recently developed by National Institute of Environmental Research aiming to enhance the simulation capability of QUAL2E for eutrophic rivers. It is a carbon based model that considers different forms, such as dissolved versus particulate and labile versus refractory, of carbon and nutrients, and the contribution of autochthonous loading due to algal metabolism. The models were simultaneously applied to Nakdong River and their performance was evaluated by statistical verification with field data. Both models showed similar performance and satisfactorily replicated the longitudinal variations of BOD, T-N, T-P, Chl.a concentrations along the river. The algal blooms occurred at the stagnant reaches of downstream were also reasonably captured by the models. Although QUAL-NIER somewhat reduced the magnitude of errors, the hypothesis tests revealed no statistical evidence to justify its better performance. The contribution of autochthonous carbon and nutrient load by algal metabolism was insignificant because the hydraulic retention time is relatively short compare to the time scale of kinetic reactions. The results imply that the kinetic processes included in QUAL-NIER are too complex for the nature and scale of the real processes involved, thus needs to be optimized for improving the modeling efficiency.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.201-219
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• 2022

This paper firstly proposed high performance composite columns for cold-region infrastructures using ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) and ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) Q960E. Then, 24 square UHPC-filled UHSS tubes (UHSTCs) at low temperatures of -80, -60, -30, and 30℃ were performed under axial loads. The key influencing parameters on axial compression performance of UHSS were studied, i.e., temperature level and UHSS-tube wall thickness (t). In addition, mechanical properties of Q960E at low temperatures were also studied. Test results revealed low temperatures improved the yield/ultimate strength of Q960E. Axial compression tests on UHSTCs revealed that the dropping environmental temperature increased the compression strength and stiffness, but compromised the ductility of UHSTCs; increasing t significantly increased the strength, stiffness, and ductility of UHSTCs. This study developed numerical and theoretical models to reproduce axial compression performances of UHSTCs at low temperatures. Validations against 24 tests proved that both two methods provided reasonable simulations on axial compression performance of UHSTCs. Finally, simplified theoretical models (STMs) and modified prediction equations in AISC 360, ACI 318, and Eurocode 4 were developed to estimate the axial load capacity of UHSTCs at low temperatures.