• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2014

Under amazing increase in markets and certain demand on qualified service in the delivery system, global logistic optimization is becoming a keen interest to provide an essential infrastructure coping with modern competitive prospects. As a key technology for such deployment, we have been engaged in the practical studies on vehicle routing problem (VRP) in terms of Weber model, and developed a hybrid approach of meta-heuristic methods and the graph algorithm of minimum cost flow problem. This paper extends such idea to multi-depot VRP so that we can give a more general framework available for various real world applications including those in green or low carbon logistics. We show the developed procedure can handle various types of problem, i.e., delivery, direct pickup, and drop by pickup problems in a common framework. Numerical experiments have been carried out to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, to enhance usability of the method, Google Maps API is applied to retrieve real distance data and visualize the numerical result on the map.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.435-438
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• 2008

High temperature deformation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with a lamellar colony microstructure was investigated by hot compression and torsion tests. The torsion and compression tests were carried out under a wide range of temperatures and strain rates with true strain up to 2 and 0.7, respectively. The processing maps were generated on the basis of compression and torsion test data and using the principles of dynamic materials modeling (DMM). The shapes of the strain-stress curves in alpha-beta region and processing maps obtained on the two different tests have been compared with a view to evaluate the effect of the microstructure evolution on the flow softening behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with a lamellar colony microstructure.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1992

The sea surface winds are computed over the adjacent seas of Korea from the twice-dayily weather maps for the ten-year period 1978-1987 by using the Cardone model. Monthly mean wind-stress and wind0stress curl are also calculated and given as maps. the computed surface winds are compared with observed one at the JMA (Japan Meteorological Agency) Buoy. and the results show a good consistency in speed and direction. In particular, the magnitude of mean wind-stress is turned out to be twice bigger than the previous results over the sea of Japan. Monthly distributions of wind-stress curl reveal that over the yellow sea by the longitudinal boundary of $120^{\circ}{\;}~{\;}125^{\circ}{\;}E$, the area of negative cur exists over the western part of the sea except summer season, while the positive sign of the curl prevails over the eastern part of the Yellow Sea. However, over the Sea of Japan, with two positive maxima at the northern part and near the Wonsan Bay, the positive curl in the northern half and the negative curl in the southern of the sea characterize the monthly mean distribution of the wind-stress curl.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.730-733
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• 2004

Recently XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is becoming the standard for exchanging the documents on the web. And as the amount of information is increasing because of the development of the technique in the Internet, semantic web is becoming to appear for more exact result of information retrieval than the existing one on the web. Ontology which is the basis of the semantic web provides the basic knowledge system to express a particular knowledge. So it can show the exact result of the information retrieval. Ontology defines the particular concepts and the relationships between the concepts about specific domain and it has the hierarchy similar to the taxonomy. In this paper, we propose the generation of semi-automatic ontology based on XML documents that are interesting to many researchers as the means of knowledge expression. To construct the ontology in a particular domain, we suggest the algorithm to determine the domain. So we determined that the domain of ontology is to extract the information of movie on the web. And we used the generalized association rules, one of data mining methods, to generate the ontology, using the tag and contents of XML documents. And XTM (XML Topic Maps), ISO Standard, is used to construct the ontology as an ontology language. The advantage of this method is that because we construct the ontology based on the terms frequently used documents related in the domain, it is useful to query and retrieve the related domain.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2012

As the techniques of electronic and information are advancing, the computing power of a smart phone is becoming more powerful and the storage capacity of a smart phone is becoming larger. As the result, various new useful services are becoming available on smart phones. The context-aware service and mobile augmented reality have recently been the most popular research topics. For those newly developed services, identifying the object in the picture taken by the camera on the phone performs an extremely important role. So, many researches of identifying pictures have been published and most of them are based on the time consuming image recognition techniques. On the contrary, this paper introduces a very fast and effective method of identifying the objects on the photo making use of the sensor data obtained from the smart phone and electronic maps. Our method estimates the line of sight of the camera with the location and orientation information provided by the smart phone. Then it finds any element of the map which intersects the line of sight. By investigating those intersecting elements, our method identifies the objects on the photo.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-70
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• 1991

Infrared emission maps are constructed at 12.5, 25, 60, and $100{\mu}m$ for dark globules B5, B34, B133, B134, B361, L134 and L1523 by using Infrared Astronomical Satellite data base. These clouds are selected on the basis of their appearance in Palomar print as dark obscuring objects with angular sizes in the range of 3 to 30 arcminutes. The short wavelength(12.5 and $25{\mu}m$) maps show the embedded infrared sources. We found many such sources only in B5, B361 and B34 regions, Diffuse component at 12.5 and $25{\mu}m$, possibly arising from the stochastically heated very small dust grains(a < $0.01{\mu}m$) by interstellar radiation field, is found in B361 and L1523 regions. Such emission is characterized by the limb brightening, and it is confirmed in L1523 and in B361. Infrared emissions at the long wavelengths(60 and $100{\mu}m$) are due to colder dusts with temperature less than 20 K. The distribution of color index determined by the ratio 60 to $100{\mu}m$ intensities shows monotonic decrease of dust temperature toward the center. The black body temperature determined from these ratios is found to lie between 16 and 23 K. Such temperature is possible for small(i.e., $a\;{\lesssim}\;0.01{\mu}m$) graphite grains if the grains are mainly heated by interstellar radiation field. Thus IRAS 100 and $60{\mu}m$ emissions are arising mainly from small grains in the colud. The distribution of such dust grains implied from the emissivity distributions at 100 and $60{\mu}m$ resembles that of isothermal sphere. This contrasts to earlier findings of much steeper distribution of dusts contributing visible extinction. These dust grains are mainly larger ones(i.e., $a{\simeq}0.1{\mu}m$). Therefore we conclude that the average grain size increase, toward the cloud center.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 1990

In this paper, we try to generalize ultraproducts in the category of locally convex spaces. To do so, we introduce D-ultracolimits. It is known [7] that the topology on a non-trivial ultraproduct in the category T $V^{ec}$ of topological vector spaces and continuous linear maps is trivial. To generalize the category Ba $n_{1}$ of Banach spaces and linear contractions, we introduce the category L $C_{1}$ of vector spaces endowed with families of semi-norms closed underfinite joints and linear contractions (see Definition 1.1) and its subcategory, L $C_{2}$ determined by Hausdorff objects of L $C_{1}$. It is shown that L $C_{1}$ contains the category LC of locally convex spaces and continuous linear maps as a coreflective subcategory and that L $C_{2}$ contains the category Nor $m_{1}$ of normed linear spaces and linear contractions as a coreflective subcategory. Thus L $C_{1}$ is a suitable category for the study of locally convex spaces. In L $C_{2}$, we introduce $l_{\infty}$(I. $E_{i}$ ) for a family ( $E_{i}$ )$_{i.mem.I}$ of objects in L $C_{2}$ and then for an ultrafilter u on I. we have a closed subspace $N_{u}$ . Using this, we construct ultraproducts in L $C_{2}$. Using the relationship between Nor $m_{1}$ and L $C_{2}$ and that between Nor $m_{1}$ and Ba $n_{1}$, we show thatour ultraproducts in Nor $m_{1}$ and Ba $n_{1}$ are exactly those in the literatures. For the terminology, we refer to [6] for the category theory and to [8] for ultraproducts in Ba $n_{1}$..

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2021

Smart-textronics technology which enables functional textiles has recently been applied in various fields such as smart clothes, smart home and smart health care, and a variety of smart-textronics products have been developed. In this context, the smart-textronics product development process is proposed based on the systematic participatory design method in this paper. The proposed method consists of two phases: in-depth interviews and analyzing. In the phase of in-depth interviews, participants are asked to create journey maps that include activities, pain points and emotional status and to generate solution ideas with sketches and simple prototypes. In the analyzing phase, design researchers investigate the participants' journey maps, and create personas by identifying critical characteristics with the behavior pattern analysis. Then, each persona's needs are linked with value elements of the E3 value framework. Finally, pre-survey was conducted to identify smart-textronics market and a smart sofa design is proceeded as the case study to show the applicability of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 2020

Although the number of child loss in commercial facilities has been growing recently, the prevention method for child loss are still lacking in the environmental aspect. This research examines the causes of lost child in behavioral aspects in order to develop a guideline to prevent child loss in U.E.C. The observational study on the behaviors of guardians and children was conducted in the U.E.C that is visited by many customers accompanied with children. Then the results of the observational study were marked on the behavioral maps. After analyzing the behavioral maps, the causes of child loss were determined by classifying into behaviors by age and behaviors by functional space. As a result, when guardian is unable to pay attention to child by doing something else such as making a purchase, or an inquiry, child may lose guardian by going towards the interesting factors or playing around. Moreover, if the spaces related to children are located at the node with high pedestrian density and open structure or the environment that is hard for the guardians to watch over their children, it will be easy for guardians to be inattentive to their children, and get separated from each other.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.466-469
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• 2005

In this study e-map component was designed and developed to possibly overlay with all kinds of thematic maps in various scales and provide the all detailed information by using high-resolution satellite image and GIS. Also, this system has powerful map composition tool to display map such as legend, scale bar, index map and so on. For this, this e-map component was designed by using UML and developed based on Windows 2000 and implemented by using Visual Basic 6.0 as development programming language, Map Objects 2.1 of ESRI as GIS component. Through this system, the forest officials could generate more detailed topography and desired thematic map. In addition, the data consistency in DBMS could be maintained by using SDE (Spatial Database Engine) for their job and share the standard forest database with others in real time.