• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.149-169
• /
• 2020

"The Urban Renewal New Deal project", one of the government's major national projects, is about developing underdeveloped areas by investing 50 trillion won in 100 locations on the first year and 500 over the next four years. This project is drawing keen attention from the media and local governments. However, the project model which fails to reflect the original characteristics of the area as it divides project area into five categories: "Our Neighborhood Restoration, Housing Maintenance Support Type, General Neighborhood Type, Central Urban Type, and Economic Base Type," According to keywords for successful urban regeneration in Korea, "resident participation," "regional specialization," "ministerial cooperation" and "public-private cooperation", when local governments propose urban regeneration projects to the government, they can see that it is most important to accurately understand the characteristics of the city and push ahead with the projects in a way that suits the characteristics of the city with the help of local residents and private companies. In addition, considering the gentrification problem, which is one of the side effects of urban regeneration projects, it is important to select and implement urban regeneration types suitable for the characteristics of the area. In order to supplement the limitations of the 'Urban Regeneration New Deal Project' methodology, this study aims to propose a system that recommends urban regeneration types suitable for urban regeneration sites by utilizing various machine learning algorithms, referring to the urban regeneration types of the '2025 Seoul Metropolitan Government Urban Regeneration Strategy Plan' promoted based on regional characteristics. There are four types of urban regeneration in Seoul: "Low-use Low-Level Development, Abandonment, Deteriorated Housing, and Specialization of Historical and Cultural Resources" (Shon and Park, 2017). In order to identify regional characteristics, approximately 100,000 text data were collected for 22 regions where the project was carried out for a total of four types of urban regeneration. Using the collected data, we drew key keywords for each region according to the type of urban regeneration and conducted topic modeling to explore whether there were differences between types. As a result, it was confirmed that a number of topics related to real estate and economy appeared in old residential areas, and in the case of declining and underdeveloped areas, topics reflecting the characteristics of areas where industrial activities were active in the past appeared. In the case of the historical and cultural resource area, since it is an area that contains traces of the past, many keywords related to the government appeared. Therefore, it was possible to confirm political topics and cultural topics resulting from various events. Finally, in the case of low-use and under-developed areas, many topics on real estate and accessibility are emerging, so accessibility is good. It mainly had the characteristics of a region where development is planned or is likely to be developed. Furthermore, a model was implemented that proposes urban regeneration types tailored to regional characteristics for regions other than Seoul. Machine learning technology was used to implement the model, and training data and test data were randomly extracted at an 8:2 ratio and used. In order to compare the performance between various models, the input variables are set in two ways: Count Vector and TF-IDF Vector, and as Classifier, there are 5 types of SVM (Support Vector Machine), Decision Tree, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Gradient Boosting. By applying it, performance comparison for a total of 10 models was conducted. The model with the highest performance was the Gradient Boosting method using TF-IDF Vector input data, and the accuracy was 97%. Therefore, the recommendation system proposed in this study is expected to recommend urban regeneration types based on the regional characteristics of new business sites in the process of carrying out urban regeneration projects."

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.448-448
• /
• 2021

최근 급격한 기후변화와 도시화 및 산업화로 인한 지류하천에서의 수량과 수질의 변동은 생물 다양성 감소와 수생태계 건강성 저하에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 효율적인 수생태 관리를 위해서는 지속적인 유량, 수질, 그리고 수생태 모니터링을 통한 데이터 축적과 더불어 면밀한 상관 분석을 통해 수생태계 건강성의 악화 원인을 규명해야 할 필요가 있다. 그러나 수많은 지류하천을 대상으로 한 지속적인 모니터링은 현실적으로 어려움이 있으며, 수생태계의 특성 상 단일 영향 인자만으로 수생태계의 건강성 변화와의 관계를 정확히 파악하는데 한계가 있다. 따라서 지류하천에서의 유량 및 수질의 시공간적인 변동성과 다양한 영향 인자를 고려하여 수생태계의 건강성을 효율적으로 예측할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 경험적 데이터 기반의 머신러닝 모델 구축을 통해 미계측 하천에서의 수생태계 건강성 지수(BMI, TDI, FAI)의 등급(A to E)을 예측하고자 하였다. 머신러닝 모델은 학습 데이터셋의 양과 질에 따라 성능이 크게 달라질 수 있으며, 학습 데이터셋의 분포가 불균형적일 경우 과적합 또는 과소적합 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 이를 보완하고자 본 연구에서는 실제 측정망 데이터셋을 바탕으로 생성적 적대 신경망 GAN(Generative Adversarial Network) 알고리즘을 통해 머신러닝 모델 학습에 필요한 추가 데이터셋(유량, 수질, 기상, 수생태 등급)을 확보하였다. 머신러닝 모델의 성능은 5차 교차검증 과정을 통해 평가하였으며, GAN 데이터셋의 정확도는 실제 측정망 데이터셋의 정규분포와의 비교 분석을 통해 평가하였다. 최종적으로 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형을 통해 예측 된 미계측 하천에서의 데이터셋을 머신러닝 모델의 검증 자료로 사용하여 수생태계 건강성 등급 예측 정확도를 평가하였다. 본 연구에서의 GAN에 의해 강화된 머신러닝 모델은 수질 및 수생태 관리가 필요한 우심 지류하천 선정과 구조적/비구조적 최적관리기법에 따른 수생태계 건강성 개선 효과를 평가하는데 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 또한 이를 통해 예측된 미계측 하천에서의 수생태계 건강성 등급 자료는 수량-수질-수생태를 유기적으로 연계한 통합 물관리 정책을 수립하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-38
• /
• 2009

This study investigates the relationships of perfectionism and the affective traits(academic self-concept, learning attitude, interest, mathematical anxiety, learning habits) in mathematics between the gifted students and the regular students in Korean Middle Schools. The findings of this study can be used for the understanding of the gifted students, and as data or resources for counsellors when they advise the gifted students on enhancing study strategies and developing future courses. This study was investigated by measuring the relationships between perfectionism and the affective traits on mathematics between two groups. Here, the correlation analysis, t-test, and regression analysis of the SPSS for Window 12.0 Program were applied to measure the differences of both groups. Therefore, there were no differences in perfectionism between the gifted students and the regular students. But the self-oriented perfectionism of the gifted students appeared higher compare with regular students. The affective traits in mathematics of the gifted students appeared more positive compare with regular students. There were a few correlations between the perfectionism and the affective traits in mathematics at two group all. however the self-oriented perfectionism and the affective traits in mathematics showed to correlation. There were several suggestions based on the results of this study. First, the results showed that professional assistance is needed for the gifted students so that their perfectionism flows positively into developing their gifts. Secondly, the results suggested that specialized mathematical program reflecting on the affective traits of the gifted students in mathematics should be offered.Lastly, tthe results of this study suggested a researcher regarding relevance with perfectionism and affective traits regarding subject shall be performed more. The result of research shall be included to contents of training for the gifted students and their parents.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.81-99
• /
• 2015

The acceleration of global warming has required better understanding of carbon cycles over local and regional areas such as the Korean peninsula. Since forests serve as a carbon sink, which stores a large amount of terrestrial carbon, there has been a demand to accurately estimate such forest carbon sequestration. In Korea, the National Forest Inventory(NFI) has been used to estimate the forest carbon stocks based on the amount of growing stocks per hectare measured at sampled location. However, as such data are based on point(i.e., plot) measurements, it is difficult to identify spatial distribution of forest carbon stocks. This study focuses on urban areas, which have limited number of NFI samples and have shown rapid land cover change, to estimate grid-based forest carbon stocks based on UNFCCC Approach 3 and Tier 3. Land cover change and forest carbon stocks were estimated using Landsat 5 TM data acquired in 1991, 1992, 2010, and 2011, high resolution airborne images, and the 3rd, 5th~6th NFI data. Machine learning techniques(i.e., random forest and support vector machines/regression) were used for land cover change classification and forest carbon stock estimation. Forest carbon stocks were estimated using reflectance, band ratios, vegetation indices, and topographical indices. Results showed that 33.23tonC/ha of carbon was sequestrated on the unchanged forest areas between 1991 and 2010, while 36.83 tonC/ha of carbon was sequestrated on the areas changed from other land-use types to forests. A total of 7.35 tonC/ha of carbon was released on the areas changed from forests to other land-use types. This study was a good chance to understand the quantitative forest carbon stock change according to the land cover change. Moreover the result of this study can contribute to the effective forest management.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.51 no.10
• /
• pp.863-874
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the future climate change impact on stream aquatic ecology health of Han River watershed ($34,148km^2$) using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and random forest. The 8 years (2008~2015) spring (April to June) Aquatic ecology Health Indices (AHI) such as Trophic Diatom Index (TDI), Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index (BMI) and Fish Assessment Index (FAI) scored (0~100) and graded (A~E) by NIER (National Institute of Environmental Research) were used. The 8 years NIER indices with the water quality (T-N, $NH_4$, $NO_3$, T-P, $PO_4$) showed that the deviation of AHI score is large when the concentration of water quality is low, and AHI score had negative correlation when the concentration is high. By using random forest, one of the Machine Learning techniques for classification analysis, the classification results for the 3 indices grade showed that all of precision, recall, and f1-score were above 0.81. The future SWAT hydrology and water quality results under HadGEM3-RA RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios of Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) showed that the future nitrogen-related water quality in watershed average increased up to 43.2% by the baseflow increase effect and the phosphorus-related water quality decreased up to 18.9% by the surface runoff decrease effect. The future FAI and BMI showed a little better Index grade while the future TDI showed a little worse index grade. We can infer that the future TDI is more sensitive to nitrogen-related water quality and the future FAI and BMI are responded to phosphorus-related water quality.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.147-166
• /
• 2020

Textbooks are important resources in support of teaching and learning mathematics competencies which are emphasized in the most recently revised mathematics curriculum. This study analyzed how six mathematics competencies and their sub-elements are implemented in the mathematics textbooks for the fifth and sixth grades. A total of 465 activities or items in the targeted textbooks were analyzed. The findings of this study showed that both the communication competence and the reasoning competence were the most frequent competencies, followed by the problem solving competence. In contrast, the other three competences (i.e., creativity and integration, attitude and practice, and information processing) were less popular. Detailed analyses of sub-elements according to each competence revealed that one or two specific sub-elements were emphasized within a competence. Whereas "expressing one's idea" was the most prevalent sub-element in the communication competence, both "analyzing mathematical facts" and "observation and conjecture" were the most frequent in the reasoning practice. Specific sub-elements were jointly implemented within or across competences. "External connections of mathematics and integration" in the creativity and integration competence was carried out in relation to "recognition of values" in the attitude and practice competence. This paper also included some examples of activities or items showing how specific sub-elements of each competence were reflected on. This study is expected to provide implications on how to implement mathematics competencies throughout the textbooks.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.29-57
• /
• 2006

Small and medium-sized companies (SMEs) face a number of different kinds of barriers to adopt information technology, including the lack of information, limited financial and technical resources, and absence of the well-trained work force in the realm of information technology. But application service provider (ASP)enables these SMEs to informatize. This paper is focused on studying the cases of the adoption and use of the ASP-based ERP systems that 7 SME shad adopted. The factors that influence the adoption and use of SMEs' ASP-based ERP systems are divided into the user companies that adopted the systems, the systems vendors, and environment. From the viewpoint of the user company, the successful adoption and use of the systems is significantly influenced by the clear motive of adopting the systems, the financial readiness, and the strong intention of CEO for pushing ahead with e-Business. From the systems vendor, it is influenced by the technical expertise of the vendor, the knowledge of the user company, and the experience of the systems development. From the perspective of environment, it is influenced by the push from the players in the value chains. The companies that had adopted the ASP-based ERP systems and that had extended the level of systems use had the benefits through reducing the cost, improving the internal business process, and achieving the learning and growth of the organization.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.38-48
• /
• 1997

This study is an attempt to present a usage of the Web as CAI in the classroom and to give a direction to the future education in the face of information age. Characteristcs of information society, current curriculum, educational and teacher education are first analyzed in this article. The features of internet and 'Web are then summarized to present benefits of usage in the classroom as a CAI tool. The literature shows several characteristics of information society as follows : a technological computer, a provision and sharing of information, multi functional society, a participative democracy', an autonomy, a time value..A problem solving and 4 Cs(e.g., cooperation, copying, communication, creativity) are newly needed in this learning environment. The Internet is a large collection of networks that are tied together so that users can share their vast resources, a wealth of information, and give a key to a successful, efficient. individual study over a time and space. The 'Web increases an academic achievement, a creativity, a problem solving, a cognitive thinking, and a learner's motivation through an easy access to : documents available on the Internet, files containing programs, pictures, movies, and sounds from an FTP site, Usenet newsgroups, WAIS seraches, computers accessible through telnet, hypertext document, Java applets and other multimedia browser enhancements, and much more, In the Web browser will be our primary tool in searching for information on the Internet in this information age.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.145-154
• /
• 2017

Technology innovation is regarded as the quintessential process to acquire a competitive advantage. This is especially true in high-tech industries, and firms that recognize the importance of technological innovation concentrate their capacities on developing new technologies, new products, and new processes. In general, such research requires many resources, but not all technological breakthroughs are followed by positive feedbacks. Consequently, the firms in high-tech industries are compelled to find new directions in acquiring technologies. This study examines the factors that influence technological innovation and empirically tests the effect these factors have on its diffusion. Radicality, discontinuity, and exploitation/exploration were selected as the factors from the previous literature on technological innovation and organizational learning. For the empirical test, patent data from the US semiconductor industry were used to describe innovation activities from various fields. From the result, these three factors (Ed- is this what you mean, i.e., radicality, discontinuity, and exploitation/exploration?)were found to have significant meaning as proxies for the diffusion of technological innovation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.17
• /
• pp.7547-7554
• /
• 2015

Background: The use of smokeless tobacco (SLT) among women is increasing in India, especially among those with limited education and resources. Preventing the initiation of SLT among women is critical since it has known negative consequences for oral and reproductive health. Most research on tobacco initiation in India focuses on adolescents. This paper addresses the unrecognized issues of post marital initiation among women of reproductive age, highlighting the importance of reproductive stages in women's tobacco initiation. The objective is to examine the correlates of SLT initiation among low income women in Mumbai from pre-marriage through early marriage, first pregnancy and beyond, using case examples to illustrate initiation during each of these stages. Materials and Methods: In 2011-2012, cross-sectional community level survey data were collected from a representative sample of 409 daily SLT-using married women aged 18-40 years in a low income community in Mumbai. Information on socio-demographics, initiation by reproductive stage, types of tobacco use, childhood exposure to tobacco, learning to use, and initiation influences and reasons were collected through a researcher-administered survey. Univariate and bivariate analysis assessed factors influencing initiation of SLT use by reproductive stage. In addition 42 narratives of tobacco use were collected from a purposive sample of pregnant and non-pregnant married women addressing the same questions in detail. Narratives were transcribed, translated, and coded for key concepts including initiation of tobacco use. Results: Thirty-two percent of women initiated SLT use before marriage, 44% initiated after marriage but before pregnancy, 18.1% initiated during their first pregnancy and the remainder started after their first pregnancy. Mean age of marriage among women in this study was 16 years. Younger women (i.e. age at time of the interview of less than 30 years) were 0.47 [95% CI (0.32, 0.87)] percent less likely to initiate after marriage than women aged more than 30 years. Women who got married before 18 years of age were 2.34 [95% CI (1.40, 3.93)] times more likely to initiate after marriage than their counterparts. Childhood exposure was a predictor for initiating SLT use prior to marriage but not after. Women reporting tooth and gum pain were 1.85 times more likely to initiate after marriage than their counterparts. Husband and neighbours were the most significant influences on post-marital initiation. Narratives highlighted differences in processes of initiation pre and post marriage and during pregnancy. Conclusions: Most tobacco prevention interventions are directed to adolescents in school. This study suggests that especially for low literate or illiterate women, school based interventions are ineffective. To be effective strategies to prevent SLT initiation must reach women in urban areas at or immediately after marriage and during their first pregnancy. Messages must negate culturally rooted beliefs about the health benefits of SLT in order to prevent initiation and onset of daily use.