• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.12B
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• pp.1081-1090
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• 2003

NGI(Next Generation Internet) is characterized by QoS(Quality of Service) and high speed transmission. Recently, DiffServ and MPLS become most influential NGI architecture. To guarantee end-to-end QoS, it is essential for NGI to interwork MPLS with DiffServ. Here, MPLS WG(Working Group) in IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) proposed the method of E-LSP(EXP inferred-PSC LSPs) and L-LSP(Label-Only-Inferred PSC LSPs), but both of them have serious problems to satisfy perfect interworking. In this paper, we proposed an extended E-LSP architecture that supports Perfect DiffServ class and experimental function in MPLS such as ECN(Explicit Congestion Notification) capability. We verify that the proposed E-LSP architecture improves QoS in NGI by using ns2 simulator.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2001

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effents of feeding single or combined probiltics on performance and intestinal micreflora of broiler chicks for five weeks. Diets based on corn and soybean meal contained 21.50, 19% CP and 3,100, 3,150kcal/kg ME for starting and finishing period, respectively. Lactobacillus salvarius isolated from chicks intestine(LSC), Lactobacillus salvarius isolated from piglet(LSP), Bacillus polyfermenticus(BP) were fed with alone and mixed ones at the level of 0.21 and 0.1% in experiment 1 and 2, respectively. Three hundred eighty four chicks were randomly assigned to eight treatments with four replicates of 12 chicks each per treatment. Weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio(FCR) were weekly measured for 5 weeks. The number of intestinal micreflora was examined at the end of experiment. In both experiments, weight gain of chicks fed probiltics tended to be similar or higher than control, but was not in LSC+LSP treatment. Feed intake was not consistent among treatments. In experiment 1, FCR of chicks fed LSC alone was the lowest of all treatments, whereas it was significantly higher in LSC+LSP treatments than control(P〈0.05). In experiment 2, LSP supplemental groups tended to increase FCR compared to the control. The number of ileal E. coli was the lowest in LSP alone treatment of experiment 1, whereas cecal E. coli was higher concentration in probiotics supplemental groups than control. Total Lactobacillus of chicks fed probiotics was decreased in ileum, but was no consestency in cecum. In experiment 2, ileal total yeast tended to be higher in probiotics supplemental groups except LSP alone supplement than control. Total Lactobacillus of chicks fed LSC or LSP alone treatments was significantly higher than control(P〈0.05).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1E
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• pp.71-81
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• 1994

In this paper, we propose a pseudo-cepstral representation of line spectrum pair(LSP) frequencies and evaluate speech recognition performance with cepstral lift using the pseudo-cepstrum. The pseudo-cepstrum corresponding to LSP frequencies is derived by approxmating the relationship between LPC-cepstrum and LSP frequencies. Three cepstral liftering procedures are applied to the pseudo-cepstrum to improve the performance of speech recognition. They are the root-power-sums ligter, the general exponential lifter, and the bandpass lifter. Then, the liftered psedudo-cepstra are warped into a mel-frequency scale to obtain feature vectors for speech recognition. Among the three lifters, the general exponential lifter results in the best performance on speech recognition. When we use the proposed pseudo-cepstra feature vectors for recognizing noisy speech, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of about 5~10dB LSP is obtained.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.867-880
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• 2015

Mechanical fastening is still one of the main methods used for joining components. Different techniques have been applied to reduce the effect of stress concentration of notches like fastener holes. In this work we evaluate the feasibility of combining laser shock peening (LSP) and cold expansion to improve fatigue crack initiation and propagation of open hole specimens made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. LSP is a new and competitive technique for strengthening metals, and like cold expansion, induces a compressive residual stress field that improves fatigue, wear and corrosion resistance. For LSP treatment, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser with infrared radiation was used. Residual stress distribution as a function of depth was determined by the contour method. Compact tension specimens with a hole at the notch tip were subjected to LSP process and cold expansion and then tested under cyclic loading with R=0.1 generating fatigue cracks on the hole surface. Fatigue crack initiation and growth is analyzed and associated with the residual stress distribution generated by both treatments. It is observed that both methods are complementary; cold expansion increases fatigue crack initiation life, while LSP reduces fatigue crack growth rate.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.145-150
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• 2021

The trend of globalization leads an increased need for international freight transportation and accelerates the development of the international logistics industry. The objective of this paper is to identify the critical factors that affect the choice of logistics service provider (LSP). The data sample was collected through a questionnaire, responded by 218 companies that outsource logistics services. The analysis uses descriptive statistics; exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and regression analysis were conducted with SPSS. The role of capabilities, customer service, and company reputation were evaluated and tested. Our findings show that capabilities and customer service have a considerable impact on the choice of LSP. The findings also indicate that company reputation do not have significant impact on the choice of LSP. They also showed that the capabilities is the variable that has the most significant effect on the choice of LSP. An implication of this study is that the competition should not only focus on pricing, but should be extended to improving enterprises capabilities, i.e., upgrading human resources, modernizing the modes of transportation, expanding business geographically and developing new technologies. Our study provides LSP managers with insights into how to meet customer expectations in the competitive logistics service sector.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The modified lateral-screw-retained implant prosthesis (LSP) is designed to combine the advantages of screw- and cement-retained implant prostheses. This retrospective study evaluated the mechanical and biological complication rates of implant-supported single crowns (ISSCs) inserted with the modified LSP in the posterior region, and determined how these complication rates are affected by clinical factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Mechanical complications (i.e., lateral screw loosening [LSL], abutment screw loosening, lateral screw fracture, and ceramic fracture) and biological complications (i.e., peri-implant mucositis [PM] and peri-implantitis) were identified from the patients' treatment records, clinical photographs, periapical radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and clinical indices. The correlations between complication rates and the following clinical factors were determined: gender, age, position in the jaw, placement location, functional duration, clinical crown-to-implant length ratio, crown height space, and the use of a submerged or nonsubmerged placement procedure. RESULTS. Mechanical and biological complications were present in 25 of 73 ISSCs with the modified LSP. LSL (n=11) and PM (n=11) were the most common complications. The incidence of mechanical complications was significantly related to gender (P=.018). The other clinical factors were not significantly associated with mechanical and biological complication rates. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of this study, the incidence of mechanical and biological complications in the posterior region was similar for both modified LSP and conventional implant prosthetic systems. In addition, the modified LSP is amenable to maintenance care, which facilitates the prevention and treatment of mechanical and biological complications.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4E
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• pp.35-40
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• 1998

In this paper, an efficient quantization method of line spectrum pairs(LSP) with cascaded structure of vector quantizer and scalar quantizer is proposed. First, input LSP parameters is vector-quantized using a codebook a with a moderate number of entries. In the second stage of quantization, the components of residual vector are individually quantized by the scalar quantizer. The utilization of ordering property of LSP parameters and the inclusion of interframe prediction improve the quantizer performance and remove the stability check routine after quantization procedure. The new vector-scalar hybrid quantizer using 26 bits/frame shows a transparent quality of speech that an average spectral distortion is 1 dB and the frame proportion with above 2 dB spectral distortion is less than 2%. The performances of proposed quantization method is evaluated in the transmission errors.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.253-259
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• 1999

The objects of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary several supplemental probiotics on performance and intestinal microflora of Lohmann brown laying hens from 68 to 80 weeks. Basal diets based on corn and soybean meal contained 18.0% CP and 2,720㎉/kg ME. Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus salvarius isolated from piglet(LSP) were fed at the level of 0.1 and 0.2% in a one way design. There were four replicates of 40 hens each per treatment. Egg production, feed intake, feed conversion ratio(FCR), eggshell quality were measured at every four weeks and intestinal microflora were examined at the end of experiment. Egg production of bird fed 0.2% individual probiotics was significantly higher than that of control(P 0.05). Birds fed the diet containing 0.2% LSC and LSP had significantly lower FCR than other treatments(P 0.05). However, egg weight of birds fed control and 0.2% BS diet showed higher than other treatments. Feed intake of 0.2% BS and 0.1% LSP treatment was significantly higher than other treatments, but was not consistency of all treatments(P 0.05). Eggshell breaking strength and thickness of hens fed probiotics tended to increase compared to that of control, but was not significantly different. Intestinal anaerobes, Lactobacillus spp. and yeast of hens fed all tested probiotics were significantly increased compared to those of control. The number of intestinal E. coli of all probiotics treatments except 0.1% LSP tended to decrease. Intestinal Lactobacillus spp. was increased significantly by 0.1% dietary LSC, whereas intestinal yeast showed significant increase in LSP treatments(P〈0.05). The results of this experiment indicated that feeding probiotics to laying hens improved the egg production, FCR and increased beneficial microflora.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.25-28
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• 2000

As Internet users and network traffics are explosively increased, many researches have been done to provide fast and guaranteed Internet services. The results of these efforts are Multiprotocol Lab el Switching(MPLS) and differentiated service(Diff serv) emerging as a next generation backbone net work. In this paper, we make a research on gearing (or interworking) two technology needed to support end-to-end QoS and explain sequential procedure. And we simulate the L-LSP/E-LSP proposed by Working Group of IETF to be deployed to the DiffServ module which is implemented based on the MPLS network simulator and analyze the performance of the simulation result.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.4160-4176
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• 2015

Data compression like image and video compression has come a long way since the introduction of Compressive Sensing (CS) which compresses sparse signals such as images, videos etc. to very few samples i.e. M < N measurements. At the receiver end, a robust and efficient recovery algorithm estimates the original image or video. Many prominent algorithms solve least squares problem (LSP) iteratively in order to reconstruct the signal hence consuming more processing time. In this paper non-iterative threshold based recovery algorithm (NITRA) is proposed for the recovery of images and videos without solving LSP, claiming reduced complexity and better reconstruction quality. The elapsed time for images and videos using NITRA is in ㎲ range which is 100 times less than other existing algorithms. The peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is above 30 dB, structural similarity (SSIM) and structural content (SC) are of 99%.