• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1992

To evaluate Helhimo's Anamnestic Dysfunction Index(AI), Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), and Friction's Craniomandibular Index(CMI) in Korean Young population, clinical examinations were performed in 207 dental college students who were healthy and had no evidence of the craniomandibular disorders. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The mean values of the Helkimo's Anamnestic Index(AI), Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), Fricton's Palpation Index(PI), Dysfunction Index(DI), and Craniomandibular Index(CMI) were 0.35, 0.71, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.04 in male subjects. 2. The mean values of the Helkimo's Anamnestic Index(AI), Clinical Dysfunction Index(HDI), Fricton's Palpation Index(PT), Dysfunction Index(DI), and Fricton's Craniomandibular Index(CMI) were 0.42, 0.72, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.03 in female subjects. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female subjects in each parameter. 4. The palpation index(PI) observed in Korean Young Population was lower than that in American population.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.518-523
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to prove that orthognatic surgery on asymmetric prognathism patients improve the temporomandibular dysfunction. Materials and methods: All 30 patients underwent mandibular setback with B-SSRO including 22 patients Le Fort I surgery in KyungHee medical center. Preoperative and postoperative PA cephalograms & transcranial radiographs were measured midline deviation in Mx and Mn, occlusal canting change, condyle position, the temporomandibular dysfunction were checked before surgery, within 1 month after surgery, $3{\sim}6$ months, 12-24 months after surgery respectively. Results: The temporomandibular dysfunction were relieved after surgery in 17 patients of 25 patients. Conclusion: Orthognatic surgery may benefit the temporomandibular joint dysfunction in facial asymmetry patients by obtaining a postoperative stable occlusion and better physiologic neuromuscular function. Specially impovement of occlusal canting may reduce condyle displacement of midline deviation side and the temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.356-362
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the effect of evidence-based guidelines for catheter dysfunction among hemodialysis patients, Success rate and bleeding complications in catheterization were examined. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, including 94 patients with catheter dysfunction who were receiving hemodialysis at a university hospital; 55 in the control group and 39 in the protocol group. This protocol was composed of the catheter dysfunction assessment, conservative management of catheter dysfunction, drug management of catheter dysfunction, catheter function test and maintenance management. Data were analyzed with a Chi-square test and t-test using SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results: The patency rate of the protocol group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The rate of bleeding complications was not statistically significant for either the control group or the protocol group before or after application. Conclusion: The application of the guidelines effectively increased the patency rate of the catheter without bleeding complications. It is hoped that this guideline can be disseminated to nurses nationwide to improve the efficiency of catheter function for hemodialysis patients.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.437-442
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• 2009

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) has many adverse effects including cardiovascular (CV) risk. Diclofenac among the nonselective NSAIDs has the highest CV risk such as congestive heart failure, which resulted commonly from the impaired cardiac pumping due to a disrupted excitationcontraction (E-C) coupling. We investigated the effects of diclofenac on the L-type calcium channels which are essential to the E-C coupling at the level of single ventricular myocytes isolated from neonatal rat heart, using the whole-cell voltage-clamp technique. Only diclofenac of three NSAIDs, including naproxen and ibuprofen, significantly reduced inward whole cell currents. At concentrations higher than $3\;{\mu}M$, diclofenac inhibited reversibly the $Na^+$ current and did irreversibly the L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels-mediated inward current $(IC_{50}=12.89\pm0.43\;{\mu}M)$ in a dose-dependent manner. However, nifedipine, a well-known L-type channel blocker, effectively inhibited the L-type $Ca^{2+}$ currents but not the $Na^+$ current. Our finding may explain that diclofenac causes the CV risk by the inhibition of L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel, leading to the impairment of E-C coupling in cardiac myocytes.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.203-210
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• 2011

In the present study, we examined the effects of caffeine on food intake and body weight, and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) expression in the hypothalamus. Rats were administered intraperitoneally with 100 mg/kg caffeine (a high, non-toxic dose) or saline during the light phase. Intraperitoneal administration of caffeine induced a significant reduction in food intake and body weight 12 hr after treatment. In addition, POMC expression was significantly increased and AgRP expression was decreased in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) after caffeine treatment. These results demonstrate that administration of caffeine up-regulates POMC expression and down-regulates AgRP expression in the Arc, suggesting that the activation of the hypothalamic POMC neurons and inhibition of the AgRP neurons might play a role in the regulation of food intake and body weight by caffeine.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2018

Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known as impotence, is the inability to attain and sustain an erection firm enough to have sexual intercourse. Frequent ED may be a symptom of health problems including heart disease, obesity, alcoholism, stress, smoking, and depression, that need treatment. This study aimed to effect of complex extract (CPL) including Cornus officinalis on sexual function factor in the erectile dysfunction rat model. The erectile dysfuction rat model was induced by cimetidine (500 mg/kg in 5% ethanol, oral injection 2 weeks). Rats were oral administered with different concentration of CPL in rat erectile dysfunction model. As a results, sexual function factors (NO, cGMP) significantly improved in CPL treated groups (CPL-300, 600, 900 mg/kg) compared to CON group. Serum testosterone was increased in a dose-dependent manner after CPL treatment. Furthermore, administrations of CPL restored lumen areas of the prostate in the erectile dysfunction rat model. These results indicated that CPL alleviated erectile dysfunction by increasing sexual function factor and testosterone in rat model. CPL could be used to natural treatement for erectile dysfunction. However, further study is required to identify active ingredient and its mechanism of erectile dysfunction.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.483-493
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine late-onset hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, depression, and quality of life among middle-aged male workers. Methods: The subjects included 343 men aged between 40 and 64, responded to self-report questionnaires on general characteristics, late-onset hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, depression, and quality of life. Data were collected from May 16, 2012 to October 9, 2012 and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, $x^2$-test, hierarchical multiple regression. Result: The prevalence rate of late-onset hypogonadism was 63.8% with high points in reduction of libido, energy, physical strength and endurance, and erectile function. There were significant differences in late-onset hypogonadism according to age($x^2$=8.98, p=.048) and in erectile dysfunction according to age(F=11.03, p<.001), monthly income(F=2.84, p=.024) and smoking( t=2.96, p=.018). Significant differences were also found in depression according to educational level(F=8.12, p<.001) and in quality of life according to monthly income(F=7.21, p<.001). The factors which influenced quality of life were late-onset hypogonadism, erectile dysfunction, depression, marital status and religion. Conclusion: Symptoms of erectile dysfunction can be improved by smoking cessation education program. In order to improve the life quality of middle-aged men, nursing intervention programs that would both provide proper knowledge on climacteric syndrome and alleviate symptoms should be designed while, at the same time, other programs to evaluate, prevent and control depression are developed.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 1986

The author investigated the Pantronic PRI scores for detection of TMJ dysfunction using the Pantronic in 20 subjects who were male students of the school of dentistry, Seoul National University selected according to sampling criteria and came to the following conclusions. 1. According to the HDI, 20 subjects were divided into 2 groups, the DiO and the DiI, it was appeared that 45% of the subjects had some degree of TMJ dysfunction in each session. 2. According to the P-PRI, 20 subjects were categorized into 3 categories, the none, the slight and the moderate, it was appeared that 82% of the subjects had some degree of TMJ dysfunction in each session. 3. The ability of the P-PRI was more sensitive than that of the HDI in detection of TMJ dysfunction (p < 0.01). 4. The P-PRI scores were consistent within each session and among sessions. 5. The results suggested that the P-PRI, a measure of reproducibility of border tracings, could be an aid to detect TMJ dysfunction and could be used to assess the severity of TMJ dysfunction.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.298-303
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate short-term thyroid dysfunction and related risk factors in pediatric patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) during childhood. Methods: We studied 166 patients (100 boys and 66 girls) who underwent HSCT at the Catholic HSCT Center from January 2004 through December 2009. The mean age at HSCT was $10.0{\pm}4.8$ years. Thyroid function of the patients was tested before and during 3 months of HSCT. Results: Out of 166 patients, 165 (99.4%) underwent allotransplantation. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD, grades II to IV) developed in 76 patients. Conditioning regimens before HSCT include total body irradiation (n=57), busulfan (n=80), and reduced intensity (n=29). Forty-five (27.1%) had thyroid dysfunction during 3 months after HSCT (29 euthyroid sick syndrome [ESS], 6 subclinical hyperthyroidism, 4 subclinical hypothyroidism, 3 hypothyroxinemia, 2 overt hyperthyroidism, and 1 high $T_4$ syndrome). In a univariate logistic regression analysis, age at HSCT (P=0.002) and acute GVHD (P=0.009) had statistically significant relationships with thyroid dysfunction during 3 months after HSCT. Also, in a univariate logistic regression analysis, ESS (P=0.014) showed a strong statistically significant association with mortality. Conclusion: In our study 27.1% patients experienced thyroid dysfunction during 3 months after HSCT. Increase in age and acute GVHD may be risk factors for thyroid dysfunction during 3 months after HSCT. There was a significant association between ESS and mortality.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.218-228
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• 2012

The prevalence rate of thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) has increased within the Korean population and seems to be affected by iodine dietary habits. Some studies reported that the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction increase both in the area of iodine deficiency and excess. In this study, we tried to discover the difference in iodine intake, anthropometric measurements, and blood parameters between male subjects with or without subclinical thyroid dysfunction. A total of 5,249 subjects (Euthyroid: 4706, SubHypo: 454, SubHyper: 89) were used in this study. There were no significant differences in BMI, body fat, visceral fat, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TG, fasting serum glucose, HbA1c, alcohol intake, however significant differences were noticed in both age and smoking status. Through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), iodine intake per day was estimated. The average iodine intake was similar (SubHypo $392.9{\pm}279.0{\mu}g$, Euthyroid $376.5{\pm}281.7{\mu}g$, SubHyper $357.3{\pm}253.8 {\mu}g$) among groups. The main source of iodine intake was eggs (52.8%, 54.2%, 52.4%) followed by milk (16.3%, 15.8%, 17.8%), then sea mustard & sea tangle (12.4%, 11.9%, 11.6%). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism was higher in subjects whose intake was higher than the recommended nutrient intake (RNI). These results suggest that the excess consumption of iodine intake may act as one of the risk factors regarding thyroid dysfunction in Korea. Therefore, an adequate amount of iodine intake is necessary in order to prevent subclinical thyroid dysfunction and clinical thyroid dysfunction.