• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.204-212
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patient's perception of the nurse's behavior in protecting patient privacy and to make suggestions for medical facilities to increase protection of patient privacy. Method: The research was a survey study The data on protection of privacy in primary nursing, for physical privacy, of patient information and in private conversations were collected in October 2005 from 187 patients in a university hospital. Frequencies, means, t-test, ANOVA, and $x^2$-test were used to analyze the data. The SPSS 13.0 for Windows program was used. Results: The mean score for patients' perception of nurse protection of their privacy was 3.33. There were significant differences in perception of protecting patients' privacy according to gender for private conversation, according to level of education for all but physical nursing and for number of admissions for total score and for primary nursing. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the following: a) Institutional polices and nursing guideline should be clearly stated as to the nurses' duty to protect patient privacy. b) Medical facilities should be arranged in a way that allows for the protection of patients' medical information, and should focus on patient privacy. c) It is necessary of nurses to receive periodic in-service education on protecting patient privacy.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was to investigate Job Stress and the Health status of ICU Nurses. Methods: Data was accumulated from 230 ICU nurses serving at least more than one year in 500 bed order hospitals during the period of three months from June 1 to August 31, 2009. Results: The average job stress was $3.14{\pm}.59$ points, which was relatively high, The average health status was $1.52{\pm}.19$ points, There was significant difference according to religion and subjective health status in Job Stress, There was significant difference according to age, religion and subjective health status in Health Status, There was significant difference according to satisfaction of work, satisfaction of personal relations, impulse to give up duty and in service education in Job Stress, There was significant difference according to satisfaction of work. satisfaction of personal relations, and expectant nursing job in Health Status, There was significantly negative relationship between job stress and health status. Conclusion: Job stress has the most important impact on health status of ICU nurses, Based on the finding, we could conclude that job stress management of ICU nurses should be required to improve health status.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.133-149
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the brand awareness, attributes and purchase behaviors for luxury products in the age of mcluxury. In-depth interviews were conducted to 18 consumers(10 singles, 8 married) in the age range of 20~49 and having purchased luxury products twice in last 1 year. The interviews were directed by a trained mediator according to the interview guidelines and recorded. Interviewees were asked to talk freely and protocols were made for data analysis. Similarities were found regarding the salient attributes, brand awareness of luxury products as known in general; however, the perceived importance of each attribute of luxury products seemed to be changed as mcLuxury has continued. Moreover, the consumers' attitudes toward the luxury products consumption tended to become favorable than before, and the motives to buy luxury products were more value-oriented and self fulfillment rather than display one's wealth. The buying behaviors of luxury products vary among different age groups. However, most of them tended to purchase luxury products at duty-free shops and premium outlets while traveling abroad, or bought them on sale at domestic department stores.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.211-225
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• 2014

Globalization in the 21st century and development in the field of IT have caused rapid change in the practical site of fashion industry. Therefore, as colleges aim to produce professional technicians and experts in the applicable fields, they are strengthening professionalism and practicality more than ever before that can respond to the practical situation. In addition, owing to the reduction of population of academic students, colleges would search for specialty and structural innovation with the serious desire to establish new structural system to produce talented persons. Purpose of this study is to strengthen competition of colleges voluntarily, specialize themselves and maximize mutual benefit through cooperative relation with industrial businesses. Thus, this study would compare, analyze and investigate the curriculums of fashion designs in colleges for the plan of curriculum applicable for the industrial changes and corresponding business demand. Considering the result of questionnaires of industrial businesses, most of them would prefer the curriculum for 3 years to that for 2 years. Nowadays industrial businesses will require computerization ability much more than ever before besides the professional knowledge and technology in the field of fashion and it is also showed that education of personality in colleges would be considered to be important for the performance of the vocational duty. Especially, specialty and progressive participation in the curriculum would be strengthened during the education process of colleges. This study will be used for the establishment of specialty of colleges and development of curriculum of them.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2000

The collisions at sea among marine casualties are not reduced as the tonnage and speed of ship's increase as well as the traffic quantity increase at sea, in spite of the improvement of nautical equipment, enforcement of crew's education and training as well as improvement of quality standard according to the implementation of ISM code. The measures to prevent the collisions at sea are simple, and are composed of six stage.: The first stage is that the officer on duty detect the target from his eye or radar information. The second stage is determining the type and kind of target-ship. The third stage is target tracking; calculation of target speed, course, CPA and TCPA from radar information or visual check. The fourth stage is determination of vessel in danger after calculation of third stage. The fifth stage is the judgement of situation if own ship is stand-on or give way vessel according to the 1972 COLREG. The last stage is to carry out proper action according to 1972 COLREG, under the circumstances. But by the case, the situations are so different under the different external conditions; for example, natural/navigational conditions, crew's human factors, ship's particular, rule or regulation, management system on board, the condition of watch keeping. Therefore the reasons and casualties are so complicated. This study aims to investigate the collision casualty at sea which needs to clarity all these causal factors of afore-mentioned, and to analyze the causes of problems so as to utilize them to establish the measures of preventing marine accidents. This study, described the concepts of causal factors into three groups; environmental factor, and company/on board management system and navigator's act. Also described how to investigate and analyzes the casual factors. Even though it was described in this paper how to detect the causal factors and reasons of collisions, and how to analyze the inter-relation of each causal factors, it is necessary to do further study how to analyze between the liability of concerned parties and the casual factors involved.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1071-1077
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the image toward the elderly among dental hygiene students. Methods : The subjects were 348 college students. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by the students from May 15 to June 15, 2013. The questionnaire included general characteristics of the elderly people and image toward the elderly. Results : As for the elderly people-related general characteristics of the students, 79.9 percent of the students had never received education on the elderly. Approximately more than half of the students replied that they lived with elderly people and gave positive answers to living with elderly people out of filial duty and respect for the elderly. They got a mean of $79.78{\pm}10.60$ out of 140 in image toward the elderly. Those who believe in religion and have more siblings tended to have a positive image toward the elderly people. Conclusions : In order to have a positive image toward the elderly people, volunteer activity for the elderly people in senior welfare centers can make the students more positive to the elderly people.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2000

The aerodynamic characteristics of large transport vehicle has become more and more important in recent vehicle design to improve driving performance in high speed cruising and raise the product valve with regard to a comfortable driving condition. Hence, detailed knowledge of the flow field around truck coner vane is essential to improve fuel efficiency and reduce the dirt contamination on vehicle body surface. In this study, three-dimensional flow characteristics around corner vane attached to truck cabin were computed for the steady, incompressible, and high speed viscous flow, adopting the RNG k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence model. In order to investigate the influence of configuration and structure of corner vane, computations were carried out for four cases at a high Reynolds number, Re=4.1$\times$106 (based on the cabin height). The global flow patterns, drag coefficient and the distributions such as velocity magnitude, turbulent kinetic energy around the corner vane, were examined. As a result of this study, we could identify the flow characteristics around corner vane for the variation of corner vane length and width. Also, suggest the improved structure to reduce the dirt contamination in cabin side.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.420-428
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relations between fatigue and work-related factors in workers. Methods: A total of 204 subjects aged between 21 and 59 were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected with a self-reported questionnaire from May 20 to 31, 2011. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: Difference in fatigue according to general characteristics was significant according to duty type. Difference in fatigue according to occupational characteristics was significant according to work intensity, work speed, demand of work concentration, work space, physical environment, largest weight by hands, vibration, visual demand of work, difficulty of work practice, work stress, and rest hours in holiday. There was a positive correlation between fatigue and occupational characteristics. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that educational level, work intensity, and rest hours in holiday were the strongest factors associated with fatigue ($R^2$=.363 p<.001). These factors explained fatigue by 36.3%. Conclusion: The findings of this study may be useful in understanding workers' fatigue and developing more specific fatigue relief programs.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 1998

To investigate the working characteristics of the workers by place of duty, a study was carried out among 591 male workers aged 20-55 employed in an automobile industry in Korea. Workers participated to this study were divided into low back pain(LBP) and control group, according to the self-reports by written questionnaires. Work factors and complaint rates of low back pain were compared to the work places. The results were as follows ; 1) The complaint rates of low back pain were 49.2%(292 men) as a whole, 58.6%(34 men) in Production Control Department I, 50.2%(120 men) in Stamping Tool Department, 46.9%(138 men) in Bus Department. 2) Lifting and earring work of individual workers were directly associated with low back pain. Frequency of lifting and carring work is higher in the Final Body Section(Production Dept. I) and Body I Section(Bus Dept.). 3) LBP group were more frequently involved in working in awkward position(Quality Control Section of Stamping Tool Dept.), bending(Body I Section of Bus Dept.) and twisting posture(Sash Section and Body I Section of Bus Dept.). 4 )Workers exposed to vibration during working shows the higher complaint rate of low back pain.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.38-44
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• 2003

The solenoid valve in ABS hydraulic modulator is a two directional on-off valve and is controlled by around 100Hz high speed pulse width modulation. When the valve is switched from open state to closed state, noise and vibration due to pressure surge phenomena in the hydraulic line and wheel cylinder are made. In this study, we identify Pressure surge phenomenon in the braking process of a ABS, and investigate the way to reduce the phenomenon. For the purpose of theoretical analysis on the pressure surge in the closed state hydraulic line, characteristic curve method based on wave equation was utilized. To reduce the surge, high frequency control of 20kHz was attempted. The result showed that the surge pressure of 50% was reduced compared to one observed in the low frequency control. Duty variation of high frequency can control current of solenoid valve and prevent sudden change of displacement.