• 소성∙가공
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.233-233
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of tungsten addition on mechanical properties, we prepared refractory (62χ)Nb-18Si-l00Mo-l0Ti-χW (χ=0, 5, 10 and 15 mol.%) in-situ composites by the conventional arc-casting technique, and then explored the microstructure, hardness and elastic modulus at ambient temperature and tensile properties at 1670 K. The microstructure consists of relatively fine (Nb, Mo, W, Ti)/sub 5/Si₃, silicide and a Nb solid solution matrix, and the fine eutectic microstructure becomes predominant at a Si content of around 18 mol.%. The hardness of (Nb, Mo, W, Ti(/sub 5/Si₃, silicide in a W-free sample is 1680 GPa, and goes up to 1980 GPa in a W 15 mol.% sample. The hardness, however, of Nb solid solution does not exhibit a remarkable difference when the nominal W content is increased. The elastic modulus shows a similar tendency to the hardness. The optimum tensile properties of the composites investigated are achieved at W 5 mol.% sample, which exhibits a relatively good ultimate strength of 230 MPa and an excellent balance of yield strength of 215 MPa, and an elongation of 3.7%. The SEM fractography generally indicates a ductile fracture in the W-free sample, and a cleavage rupture in W-impregnated ones.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 봄학술 발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.111-114
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• 2005

While the existing reinforced concrete flat plate(RC flat plate) has a lot of advantages including reduced building height, it has some weak points such as many steel bars and the brittle rupture by punching shear. Compared with the RC flat plate, the post-tensioned flat plate (PT flat plate) has not only the same merits, but it also makes longer span possible and induces slab-column connections to be failed with the ductile behavior rather than with the brittle behavior by means of post-tensioning. However, it is difficult to define the joint behavior of PT flat plate under vertical and lateral loads since there are limit experimental results. For this reason, the experimental study is undertaken to investigate the comparison of behavior of PT flat plate and RC flat plate, and how flat plate(Gravity Load Resisting System) is displaced as lateral loads, like the wind and the earthquake, are occur. The result of this experiment shows that PT flat plate is generally superior to RC flat plate in terms of controlling crack, postponing stiffness deterioration, energy dissipation, etc.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2004년도 SMICS 2004 International Symposium on Maritime and Communication Sciences
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• pp.70-73
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• 2004

The packaging of the integrated circuits requires knowledge of ceramics and metals to accommodate the fabrication of modules that are used to construct subsystems and entire systems from extremely small components. Composite ceramics (Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$) were tested for substrates. A stress analysis was conducted for a linear work-hardening metal cylinder embedded in an infinite ceramic matrix. The bond between the metal and ceramic was established at high temperature and stresses developed during cooling to room temperature. The calculations showed that the stresses depend on the mismatch in thermal expansion, the elastic properties, and the yield strength and work hardening rate of the metal. Experimental measurements of the surface stresses have also been made on a Cu/Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$ceramic system, using an indentation technique. A comparison revealed that the calculated stresses were appreciably larger than the measured surface stresses, indicating an important difference between the bulk and surface residual stresses. However, it was also shown that porosity in the metal could plastically expand and permit substantial dilatational relaxation of the residual stresses. Conversely it was noted that pore clusters were capable of initiating ductile rupture, by means of a plastic instability, in the presence of appreciable tri-axiality. The role of ceramics for packaging of microelectronics will continue to be extremely challenging.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.16
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• pp.308-312
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• 2003

The packaging of the integrated circuits requires knowledge of ceramics and metals to accommodate the fabrication of modules that are used to construct subsystems and entire systems from extremely small components. Composite ceramics ($Al_2O_3-SiO_2$) were tested for substrates. A stress analysis was conducted for a linear work-hardening metal cylinder embedded in an infinite ceramic matrix. The bond between the metal and ceramic was established at high temperature and stresses developed during cooling to room temperature. The calculations showed that the stresses depend on the mismatch in thermal expansion, the elastic properties, and the yield strength and work hardening rate of the metal. Experimental measurements of the surface stresses have also been made on a $Cu/Al_2O_3-SiO_2$ ceramic system, using an indentation technique. A comparison revealed that the calculated stresses were appreciably larger than the measured surface stresses, indicating an important difference between the bulk and surface residual stresses. However, it was also shown that porosity in the metal could plastically expand and permit substantial dilatational relaxation of the residual stresses. Conversely it was noted that pore clusters were capable of initiating ductile rupture, by means of a plastic instability, in the presence of appreciable tri-axiality. The role of ceramics for packaging of microelectronics will continue to be extremely challenging.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2024

The current study investigates the seismic performance of shear-dominant RC columns retrofitted with iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe SMA). Three RC columns with insufficient transverse reinforcement were designed and fabricated for lateral cyclic loading tests. Before testing, two specimens were externally confined with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and self-prestressed Fe SMA strips. The test results showed that both CFRP and Fe SMA performed well in preventing severe shear failure exhibited by the unretrofitted control specimen. Furthermore, the two retrofitted specimens showed ductile flexural responses up to the drift ratios of ±8%. In terms of damage control, however, the Fe SMA confinement was superior to CFRP confinement in that the spalling of concrete was much less and that the rupture of confinement did not occur.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.56-66
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• 2017

이 연구에서는 고연성 PET 시트 및 HF(PET+aramid) 스트랜드로 보강한 RC 원형 기둥의 내진 보강 성능에 대하여 실험적으로 비교 고찰하였다. 고연성 PET 및 HF 스트랜드로 횡 구속된 RC 원형 기둥의 내진 성능 실험결과, 모든 보강 기둥에서 최대 휨 강도 및 연성 능력 모두 무보강 기둥보다 향상되었으며 극한단계에서 섬유의 파단은 발생하지 않았다. 또한 PET 시트 25겹 보강 기둥과 HF 스트랜드 1겹 보강 기둥의 저항 내력 및 변위가 거의 유사하여 HF 스트랜드 1겹은 PET 시트 약 25겹(동일 폭 기준)과 동일한 횡 구속 효과를 나타내었다. 결과적으로 휨 강도 증진 및 연성 능력 측면에서 PET는 RC 구조물의 내진 보강재로서 적합한 것으로 사료되나 현장적용의 가능성을 높이기 위해서는 이 연구에서 사용된 HF 스트랜드와 같이 많은 양의 섬유를 함유한 제작품과 같이 1겹으로 다수 PET 시트의 성능 효과를 내는 재료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 한편 PET의 내구성에 대해서는 별도의 연구가 필요하며 현재 연구가 진행중이다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2016

휨강도 및 연성이 부족한 철근콘크리트 원형 기둥의 섬유를 사용한 내진보강에 대하여 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 일정한 축력을 받는 4개 기둥의 횡 방향 유사동적 실험에서 변수는 GF, PET 및 PET+GF 혼합 보강(HF) 등 섬유의 종류이었다. 이 연구에 적용한 PET는 인장강도(600 MPa 이상)가 우수하고 고연성(약 15%)이나, 탄성계수가 GF의 1/6 수준으로 매우 낮다. 기둥 실험 결과, 모든 보강 기둥은 컨트롤 기둥보다 7~20% 증가한 휨강도를 보였고, 연성은 1.6~1.8배로 증가하였다. 무보강 기둥은 주근 좌굴, GF 및 HF 보강 기둥의 최종 파괴모드는 GF 파단이었으나, 고연성 PET는 극한단계에서도 파단이 발생하지 않았다. PET는 휨강도 및 연성 증진 측면에서 RC 부재의 보강용으로 적합하다고 사료되나, 탄성계수가 낮으므로 많은 양을 사용하여야 하는 단점이 있으므로 이 연구에서 PET는 GF에 비해 인장 강성비 20% 수준으로 사용하였다. 한편 PET의 내구성에 대하여는 현재 연구가 진행 중에 있다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.302-317
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• 1995

After initial structure of AISI 9260 steel is changed into pearlite and martensite, one is isothermally annealed at $700^{\circ}C$ below of $A_1$ transformation point and the other is isothermally annealed at the same condition after 3 cycles of heating and cooling between $680^{\circ}C$ and $780^{\circ}C$ of $A_1$ transformation point. Analyzing the changes of microstructure, mechanical properties and fractography of tension test, we obtained result as follows. The fastest spheroidization rate by changes of initial structure and heat treatment cycles is appeared at the heat treatment cycle which is isothermally annealed after 3 cycles of heating and cooling at below and above $A_1$ transformation point for martensite. At the above condition, the perfect spheroidization structure is appeared after 60hrs and after then, globular carbide is being coarsened. The mean diameter of globular carbide is $2.4{\times}10^{-3}mm$ after 90hrs. The changes of tension strength during spheroidization heat treatment follows Orwan function, ${\sigma}_o={\sigma}_i+Gb/l$, where l is interspacing of carbide particles and at the above condition, ${\sigma}_o=70.48+2.5{\times}10^{-3}/l(kg/mm^2)$. Fractography of fracture of spheroidization structure in tension test is appeared as dimple which is ductile rupture type by nucleation and growth of void, size of dimple is larger and deeper with increasing of heat treatment time.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2017

강구조물을 접합하는 대표적인 두 가지 방법으로는 용접접합과 볼트접합이 있다. 이중 잘 접합된 볼트접합은 지압메카니즘에 의한 강도상승과 연성거동을 기대할 수 있다. 이러한 볼트접합부의 연성능력을 충분히 활용하기 위해 본 연구에서는 합리적인 단일볼트접합부의 힘-변형관계 및 지압강도 산정식을 제안하고자 하였다. 볼트접합부의 경계조건 및 기하학적인 요소를 고려하여 체계적으로 단일볼트 실험을 수행하였다. 현행 설계기준의 볼트접합부의 지압강도 산정식의 모순점을 해결하기 위해 새로운 지압강도 설계식 및 변형한계 산정식을 제안하였다. 또한 접합부의 강성, 강도, 기하학적 조건 등을 반영할 수 있는 힘-변형관계식을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 지압강도식 및 힘-변형관계식은 현행설계기준보다 합리적으로 실험결과를 예측하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.571-578
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• 2014

As a way of developing wooden joint development, a glass fiber reinforced wood plate was manufactured to replace a steel plate. Also, the fracture toughness was evaluated. Through application to a cantilever-type specimen made of a column and a beam, the moment resistance performance was evaluated. For the fracture toughness specimen of the wood plate, 12 types were manufactured by varying the combination of a main member (veneer and plywood) and reinforcement (glass fiber sheet and glass fiber cloth). The results of the fracture toughness test indicated that the 5% yield load of the specimen using plywood was 18% higher than that of the specimen using veneer, and that the specimen reinforced by inserting glass fiber sheets between testing materials (Type-3-PS) had the highest average 5% yield load 4841 N. Thus, a moment resistance strength test was performed by applying Type-3-PS to a column-beam joint. The results of the test indicated that compared to the specimen using a steel plate and a drift pin (Type-A), the maximum moment ratio of the specimen using a glass fiber reinforced wood plate (Type-3-PS) and a drift pin (Type-B) was 0.79; and that a rupture occurred in the wood plate due to high stiffness of the drift pin. The maximum moment ratio of the specimen using a glass fiber reinforced wood plate (Type-3-PS) and a glass fiber reinforced wooden laminated pin (Type-C) was 0.67, which showed low performance. However, unlike Type-A, a ductile fracture occurred on Type-C, and the load gradually decreased even after the maximum moment.