• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1552-1558
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• 2011

In this paper, a dual-loop Integer-N phase-delay locked loop(P DLL) architecture has been proposed using a low power consuming voltage controlled delay line(VCDL). The P DLL can have the LF of one small capacitance instead of the conventional second or third-order LF which occupies a large area. The proposed dual-loop P DLL can have a small gain VCDL by controlling the magnitude of capacitor and charge pump current on the loop of VCDL. The proposed dual-loop P DLL has been designed based on a 1.8V $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process and proved by Hspice simulation.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.161-164
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• 1997

A new hybrid, heterodyne, fiber-optic electric field sensor scheme is presented. In this scheme, a dual polarization, dual frequency, stabilized He-Ne laser is used for the light source of the interferometer, Probe beam is delivered to the sensor head using polarization maintaining fiber. In the sensor head, $LiTaO_3$ electro-optic crystal is used for sensing element. Phase retardation is induced on the dual frquency, dual polarization probe beam due to applied electric field across the crystal. Induced phase retardation is demodulated by in-phase and quadrature demodulation technique. In this way, we can obtain optimum sensitivity for electric field measurement regardless a quasi-static phase difference between two polarization components.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.42-52
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• 1993

The corrosion fatigue fracture behaviour of dual phase steel was investigated in 3% NaCl solution at 302MPa and 137MPa. Fatigue test was conducted by cantilever type of self-made rotary bending fatigue testing machine. The fatigue strength increased with increasing the hardness of 2nd phase. Corrosion pit originated at the boundary of the 2nd phase. The size and number of corrosion pits were influenced by the 2nd phase hardness, and pits remained constant in size just after they were transited into cracks. The life of crack initiation was effected by stress level. The shape of relation of .DELTA. K and da/dN has smaller scattering in it in 3% NaCl solution than that in air. The higher the 2nd phase hardness is, the greater the corrosion fatigue life becomes. Corrosion fatigue fracture behaviour was primarily effected by mechanical factor in case of high stress(302MPa), but by electro-chemical reaction in a lower stress(137MPa). As stress level got lower and hardness of the 2nd phase got higher, the roughness of fracture surface increased.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.398-403
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• 1983

In this investigation, the effect of microstructural factors on the impact energy was studied, using dual phase steels with soft phase of ferrite encapsulated by hard phase of martensite. It was found that the effect of the ferrite grain size on the impact energy decreases as the strength ratio increases, these results are due to the micro-brittlefracture facet by the difficulty of cleavage crack formation in the ferrite grain.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.76-84
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• 1987

A study has been made to clarify the microstructural effect on static tensile properties of the dual phase steel, in which the martensitic phase encapsulated islands of ferritic phase. The main results are as follows: Yield strength is associated with the degree of plastic constraint factor and tensile strength increases with increasing of strain hardening exponent. Also, the variation of ductility is dependent upon the amount of micro-brittle facets.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.271-274
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• 1999

This paper proposes a simple architecture of digital dividing block in dual-modulus prescaler phase-locked loop used in the wireless communication. Proposed architecture eliminates a swallow counter in the conventional one and demonstrates the advantages in reducing the power consumption and the gate-counts. Therefore, it is suitable for small die area and low power applications. The circuit is designed in a standard 0.35${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS process.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.411-432
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• 2020

This research is devoted to the study of plane wave propagation in homogeneous transversely isotropic (HTI) magneto-thermoelastic rotating medium with combined effect of Hall current and two temperature due to multi-dual-phase lag heat transfer. It is analysed that, for 2-D assumed model, three types of coupled longitudinal waves (quasi-longitudinal, quasi-transverse and quasi-thermal) are present. The wave characteristics like phase velocity, specific loss, attenuation coefficients, energy ratios, penetration depths and amplitude ratios of transmitted and reflected waves are computed numerically and illustrated graphically and compared for different theories of thermoelasticity. Some particular cases are also derived from this research.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.162-166
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• 2011

Effects of chemical compositions and manufacturing conditions on mechanical properties and microstructures were investigated in order to obtain galvannealed high strength dual phase steel sheets with superior mechanical properties and coating properties. An intercritical annealing between Ac1 and Ac3 was conducted to produce the DP (dual phase) steel sheets, followed by quenching to room temperature. The purposes of Al addition are to reduce the iron oxidation with chemical composition (Si, Mn etc.) and to improve the wettability by liquid zinc. The present study will focus on the characterization for making dual phase steel sheets and enhancing the galvanizability of Al added DP steel sheets about continuous annealing line in CGL.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

A compact dual-band three-way metamaterial power divider is proposed that has three in-phase outputs. Fully printed composite rightand left-handed (CRLH) unequal and equal power dividers are first implemented for 900-MHz and 2.4-GHz bands with the power-division ratios of 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. An initial 1:1:1 power divider is then achieved by incorporating the input of the two-way equal block into an output of the unequal block, and trimming the interconnection parameters. The condition of an identical phase at the three outputs of the power divider is then met by devising a hybrid CRLH phase-shift line to compensate for the different phase errors at the two frequencies. This scheme is confirmed by predicting the performance of the power divider with circuit analysis and full-wave simulation and measuring the fabricated prototype. They results show agreement; the in-phase outputs as well as the desirable power-division are accomplished and outdo the conventional techniques.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.315-320
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• 2020

This study deals with the yielding behavior and strain aging properties of three bake hardening steels with dual-phase microstructure, fabricated by varying the annealing temperature. Bake hardening and aging tests are performed to examine the correlation of martensite volume fraction with yielding behavior and strain aging properties of the bake hardening steels with dual-phase microstructure. The volume fraction of martensite increases with increasing annealing temperature. Room-temperature tensile test results show that the yielding behavior changes from discontinuous-type to continuous-type with increasing volume fraction of martensite due to higher mobile dislocation density. According to the bake hardening and aging tests, the specimen with the highest fraction of martensite exhibited high bake hardening with low aging index because solute carbon atoms in ferrite and martensite effectively diffuse to dislocations during the bake hardening test, while in the aging test they diffuse at only ferrite due to lower aging temperature.