• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2015

PURPOSES: Nighttime driving is very different from daytime driving because drivers must obtain nighttime sight-distances based on road lights and headlights. Unfortunately, nighttime driving conditions in Korea are far from ideal due to poor lighting and an insufficient number of road lights and inadequate operation and maintenance of delineators. This study is conducted to develop new standards for nighttime road visibility based on experiments of driver perception for nighttime visibility conditions. METHODS : In the study, perception level and satisfaction of nighttime visibility were investigated. A total of 60 drivers participated, including 34 older drivers and 31 young drivers. To evaluate driver perceptions of nighttime road visibility, fuzzy set theory was used because the conventional analysis methods for driver perception are limited in effectiveness for considering the characteristics of perception which are subjective and vague, and are generally expressed in terms of linguistic terminologies rather than numerical parameters. RESULTS : This study found that levels of nighttime visibility, as perceived by drivers, are remarkably similar to their satisfactions in different nighttime driving conditions with a log-function relationship. Older drivers evaluated unambiguously degree of nighttime visibility but evaluations by young drivers regarding it were unclear. CONCLUSIONS : A minimum value of brightness on roads was established as YUX 30, based on final analyzed results. In other words, road lights should be installed and operated to obtain more than YUX 30 brightness for the safety and comfort of nighttime driving.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.25-37
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• 2011

This research aimed to investigate whether commercial drivers' situation awareness ability is related to their frequency and magnitude of caused accidents and penalty points. For the purpose of measuring drivers' situation perception and interpretation capacities, two tests named 'situation awareness test' and 'hazard perception test' were developed. The tests were based on the data from 299 commercial drivers (test drivers) using a driving simulator. The outcome of drivers' performance on situation awareness and hazard perception tests was designed to be categorized into 5 grades, classifying the best as grade 1 and the worst as grade 5. As the result, low grades on situation awareness test had positive relationship with accumulated penalty points, frequency of accidents and safety index. Grades on hazard perception test were also positively correlated with accident frequency and safety indices. This suggests situation awareness ability of commercial drivers is significantly related to traffic violations and accident causing tendencies.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.288-294
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively examine middle-aged male taxi drivers' perceptions of the risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: A qualitative method was used, with focus group interviews. The participants were middle-aged male taxi drivers who had been driving for more than ten years and for more than six hours daily. Results: The data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Middle-aged male taxi drivers' perceptions of the risk of cardiovascular disease were categorized into three main themes: "individual perceptions of cardiovascular disease", "possibility of behaviors for cardiovascular disease" and "motivations of behaviors for cardiovascular disease". Six sub-themes were extracted as follows: "perception of vulnerability", "perception of seriousness", "perception of profitability", "perception of disability", "self-awareness" and "advancing toward health care". Conclusion: It is necessary to invigorate support systems through measures including education, counseling, and web-based programs to prevent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged male taxi drivers.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.757-766
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the usage effects of an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) system on the risk perception and psychological changes of drivers. To do so, we conducted an experiment to collect the driver response times for vehicles and pedestrians as their risk perception behavior, and used a driving behavior determinants questionnaire consisting of Problem Evading, Benefits/Sensation Seeking, Anti-Personal Anxiety, Anti-Personal Angry, and Aggression factors for collecting the psychological characteristics of the drivers. Thirty drivers were randomly assigned into an in-vehicle AR-HUD using group and a control group. As a result, the Anti-Personal Anxiety and Anti-Personal Angry factors were negatively correlated with the response time for the control group. In contrast, these results were not shown for the in-vehicle AR-HUD system using group. These results indicate that the in-vehicle AR-HUD system may partially induce a relaxation of tension or stress for drivers with a high level of interpersonal anxiety. Therefore, the in-vehicle AR-HUD system might contribute to not only the visual safety driving behaviors of drivers, but also to their psychological driving safety with specific characteristics.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.139-148
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• 2012

PURPOSES : The accuracy of travel time information is a key measure of effectiveness and reliability of advanced traveler information systems. This study aims at investigating drivers' perception on the acceptable level of information accuracy and their corresponding valuations. METHODS : A questionnaire survey was executed for collecting driver perception data to capture the expectation level of travel time information provided and their willingness to pay for the information. A Tobit model was adopted for exploring the relationship among the acceptable level, driver socioeconomic characteristics and travel attributes. Since drivers' willingness to pay for accurate travel time information can be different according to their travel lengths, a piecewise linear regression model was developed to capture the sensitivity of values of travel time information to travel length. RESULTS : The analysis results suggest that trip purpose and travel time are two dominant factors to determine drivers' acceptable level of travel time information. For business and short trips, drivers want more accurate information than for non-business and long trips. Drivers' willingness to pay for travel time information also varies depending on their incomes, trip purposes and travel lengths. The results also show that drivers' valuation of travel time information provided is sensitive to their travel length. For longer trips, drivers are less sensitive to travel time information and then put less value on the information provided. CONCLUSIONS : Censored nonlinear regression models are developed to estimate drivers' acceptable accuracy for travel time information and their valuation using questionnaire survey data. The findings on drivers perception to the required accuracy of travel time information and their corresponding willingness to pay can be used in the design and deployment of advanced traveler information system to improve its effectiveness and usefulness through high compliance.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.223-231
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• 2020

Older drivers have an increased risk of accidents due to poor function, but they also develop self-regulation ability to check their own changes. Thus, information on whether the actual elderly driver responds to changes in driving ability and risk may provide a meaningful basis for the clinic and research of the elderly's driving ability assessment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the evaluation of elderly drivers by analyzing the driving risk self-perception characteristics in terms of driving behavior and function with Korean elderly drivers. A self-reporting assessment was conducted on 500 elderly drivers living in the community and the characteristics of driving risk perception were analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that many elderly drivers are aware of the driving risk when their vision and hearing are impaired or when they find it difficult to adapt to changes in driving conditions. On the other hand, the characteristics of insensitive reactions to changes in medical health conditions, such as drug use or epilepsy, seizures, and loss of consciousness, were identified. The researcher hopes this study will contribute to the safety management of elderly drivers in Korea, where aging is accelerating.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.32-45
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• 2018

This study aims to compare the mutual perception gap on dangerous driving behavior between male and female drivers in multiple aspects, analyze them, and identify factors that trigger this different perception. To understand the mutual perception gap on dangerous driving behavior, DBQ(Driving Behavior Questionnaire) was applied as a rating scale. By applying results into the Co-oreintation model, this study compared the mutual perception gap between male drivers and female drivers and analyze results. In addition, factors that generate the perception gap between both genders were drawn by analyzing factors. This study suggested that objective consistency identified the perception gap that driving behaviors of others were more dangerous between two genders. In addition, subjective consistency was different as both genders assumed that the counterpart's driving behavior takes more risks than their own actual driving behaviors. In regard to the accuracy, men were aware that female driving behaviors are more dangerous than their behaviors. However, female driving behavior assumed by women was consistent with male perception in all factors, which indicated that women perceive men precisely. In addition, results were compared and analyzed in both perspectives of male drivers and female drivers by combining predictive models. Based on these results, both genders perceived that counterpart's driving behavior is more dangerous among both genders.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.37-53
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• 2006

This study examined the perception of driving ability of drivers under stressful situation and it attempted to collect the base data in an effort to prevent the traffic accidents by the women drivers. For this purpose, 180 drivers residing in the Seoul and Gyeonggi region were selected to find out how they perceive their driving ability and driving ability of the others, and in particular, study was focused on in what kind of situation female drivers felt most stress out. Looking in relation to the driving ability, female drivers tend to assess overly high on driving ability of male drivers while making excessively low on the abilities of other female drivers. Looking into the stress of female drivers while driving, the female drivers experience more stress during driving compared to the male drivers. This type of result indicates that the women lack the confidence on driving abilities while experiencing severe stress on the driving performance.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.33-37
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• 2010

This study was aimed at developing 1) iso-perception maps for various groups of drivers in terms of age, gender, and anthropometry and 2) the experiment framework required for obtaining subjective and objective measures. A total of 9 maps, which describe drivers' perceptions regarding their static behaviors inside a typical mid-size sedan, can be used to improve the utilization of the limited driver workspace, and to select better design alternatives for occupant packaging. An adjustable seating buck, $a^{***}$-camera motion capture system (Vicon), and $a^{**}$-channel EMG system were used for the experiment. Each iso-perception map was developed while H-PT, steering wheel center, or TGS knob center was moved to each of pre-defined positions relative to driver-selected positions. Adjustable ranges or positions of the seat, steering wheel, and TGS lever described in iso-perception maps can be used to determine better package layout alternatives.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to find out interrelation of health behavior and related variables to provide basic data for an effective health promotion for the taxi-divers. Methods: 293 male taxi-drivers from 2 cities in Korea participated in this study. The data were collected using questionnaires from April 17th to Jun 3rd, 2006, and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: There were statistically significant differences according to monthly income, past illness or surgery, current disease or medication, frequency of fright on daily driving (FFDD), driving fatigue, working style, social support in health status; current disease or medication, FFDD, driving fatigue, duty shift, social support in health perception; body mass index (BMI), FFDD, driving fatigue, intention of changing job, social support in health behavior. Social support, health status, health perception, and health behavior were significantly correlated with one another. The multiple regression analysis showed that health perception (17.8%), BMI (6.8%), intention of changing job (5.7%), and driving fatigue (4.2%) explained the 34.5% variance of health behavior. And the 22.6% of variance of health perception was explained by social support (12.2%), health status (6.9%), and duty shift (3.2%). Conclusions: To promote the taxi-drivers' health, nursing intervention strategies unique for them should consider health behavior and affecting factors.