• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.268-274
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• 2008

This paper proposes an open-loop clock recovery circuit (CRC) using two high-Q dielectric resonator (DR) filters for 39.8 Gb/s and 42.8 Gb/s dual-mode operation. The DR filters are fabricated to obtain high Q-values of approximately 950 at the 40 GHz band and to suppress spurious resonant modes up to 45 GHz. The CRC is implemented in a compact module by integrating the DR filters with other circuits in the CRC. The peak-to-peak and RMS jitter values of the clock signals recovered from 39.8 Gb/s and 42.8 Gb/s pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) data with a word length of $2^{31}-1$ are less than 2.0 ps and 0.3 ps, respectively. The peak-to-peak amplitudes of the recovered clocks are quite stable and within the range of 2.5 V to 2.7 V, even when the input data signals vary from 150 mV to 500 mV. Error-free operation of the 40 Gb/s-class optical receiver with the dual-mode CRC is confirmed at both 39.8 Gb/s and 42.8 Gb/s data rates.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2016

레티노산(RA)는 많은 유형의 세포에서 성장 및 발달에 중요한 역할을 수행하며 생체 활성화에 적합한 RA의 농도는 CYP26A1 등 여러 가지 효소에 의해 조절된다. CYP26A1의 발현은 RA에 의해서 조절되며 CYP26A1는 RA에 반응하는 유전자 중 하나이다. CYP26A1 유전자 클로닝은 여러 동물에서 보고되어 있지만, 소에서 CYP26A1 유전자의 클로닝은 아직 보고되지 않았다. 소로부터 CYP26A1의 프로모터 부위를 중합효소 연쇄반응을 이용하여 클로닝 한 후 다른 동물과 염기 서열 비교분석 결과 RARE DR-5 (ttggg)의 존재를 확인하였고, DR-5의 염기서열은 분석한 종 에서 완전히 일치하였다. DR-5 motif를 함유한 소의 CYP26A1 프로모터 부위를luciferase리포터 유전자에 결합한 후 transient transfection에 의해 promoter 발현을 분석하였다. 폐 유래 세포주인 MTCC 세포에서 CYP26A1 promoter의 발현은 ATRA의 처리에 의하여 촉진되었다. CYP26A1 유전자의 발현은 ATRA 의존적으로 RAR-α 및 RAR-β에 의하여 현저하게 촉진되었다. 그러나 RAR-γ나 RXR-γ는 CYP26A1 발현에 별다른 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 또한 MTCC 세포주가 생산하는 내인성 CYP26A1 유전자 발현을 Q-RT-PCR로 분석한 결과 1-2일간의 ATRA 처리에 의해서는 현저한 영향을 받지 않으나, 3일 동안 ATRA를 처리한 샘플에서는 CYP26A1의 발현이 현저하게 감소하였다. 결론적으로, 소의 CYP26A1유전자의 프로모터 부위에 존재하는 DR-5 RARE는 RAR-α 및 RAR-β의 결합부위로 작용하여 MTCC 세포에서 CYP26A1 유전자 발현 조절과 RA signal의 조절에 관여하는 것을 확인하였다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.529-534
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• 1999

Asymmetric PCR and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) methods were combined to analyze human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB allele polymorphism. Asymmetric PCR amplification was applied to generate single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) using the nonradioactive oligonucleotide primers desinged for the polymorphic exon 2 region. The conformational differences of ssDNAs, depending on the allele type, were analyzed by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and visualized by ethidium bromide staining. The ssDNAs were clearly separated from double-stranded DNA without interference and obviously migrated depending on their allele type. This method was applied to the genomic DNA either from homozygous or from heterozygous cell lines containing the DR4 allele as template DNA using DR4-specific primers, and satisfying results were obtained. Compared to the standard PCR-SSCP method, this asymmetric PCR-SSCP method has advantages of increased speed, reproducibility, and convenience. Along with PCR-SSP or sequence-based typing, this method will be useful in routine typing of HLA-DRB allele.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.460-467
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• 2016

Bacteriophytochromes are phytochrome-like light-sensing photoreceptors that use biliverdin as a chromophore. To study the biochemical properties of the Deinococcus radiodurans bacteriophytochrome (DrBphP) protein, two anti-DrBphP mouse monoclonal antibodies (2B8 and 3H7) were generated. Their specific epitopes were identified in our previous report. We present here fine epitope mapping of these two antibodies by using truncation and substitution of original epitope sequences in order to identify minimized epitope peptides. The previously reported original epitope sequences for 2B8 and 3H7 were truncated from both sides. Our analysis showed that the minimal peptide sequence lengths for 2B8 and 3H7 antibodies were nine amino acids (RDPLPFFPP) and six amino acids (PGEIEE), respectively. We further characterized these peptides in order to investigate their reactivity after single deletion and single substitution of the original peptides. We found that single-substituted 2B8 epitope (RDPLPAFPP) and dual-substituted 3H7 epitope (PGEIAD) showed significantly increased reactivity. These two antibodies with high reactivity for the short modified peptide sequences are valueble for developing new peptide tags for protein research.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.196-202
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• 2021

DNA sequencing provides fundamental data in genomics, bioinformatics, biology and many other research areas. With the emergent evolution in DNA sequencing technology, a massive amount of genomic data is produced every day, mainly DNA sequences, craving for more storage and bandwidth. Unfortunately, managing, analyzing and specifically storing these large amounts of data become a major scientific challenge for bioinformatics. Those large volumes of data also require a fast transmission, effective storage, superior functionality and provision of quick access to any record. Data storage costs have a considerable proportion of total cost in the formation and analysis of DNA sequences. In particular, there is a need of highly control of disk storage capacity of DNA sequences but the standard compression techniques unsuccessful to compress these sequences. Several specialized techniques were introduced for this purpose. Therefore, to overcome all these above challenges, lossless compression techniques have become necessary. In this paper, it is described a new DNA compression mechanism of pattern matching extended Compression algorithm that read the input sequence as segments and find the matching pattern and store it in a permanent or temporary table based on number of bases. The remaining unmatched sequence is been converted into the binary form and then it is been grouped into binary bits i.e. of seven bits and gain these bits are been converted into an ASCII form. Finally, the proposed algorithm dynamically calculates the compression ratio. Thus the results show that pattern matching extended Compression algorithm outperforms cutting-edge compressors and proves its efficiency in terms of compression ratio regardless of the file size of the data.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2023

Aeromonas spp., are Gram-negative rods that can cause infections in healthy and immunocompromised hosts. The clinical presentation of gastroenteritis varies from mild diarrhoea to shigella-like dysentery to severe cholera-like watery diarrhoea. Here, we report a case of acute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in a newborn infant by Aeromonas caviae and its draft genome sequence. It is important to reduce the chance of incorrect isolate identification, which could lead to the exclusion of pathogenic Aeromonas spp., from routine laboratory identification in cases of diarrheal diseases. The genome sequence of A. caviae SVJ23 represents a significant step forward in understanding the diversity and pathogenesis, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance profile.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2018

GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) is a supreme hormone regulating reproductive activity in most animals. The sequences of amino acid and nucleic acid of GnRH reported up to now are examined from the evolutionary framework of Chordata. All identified GnRH are classified into GnRH1, GnRH2, or GnRH3. In all three forms of GnRH both N-terminal and C-terminal are conserved, which allows for effective binding to their receptors. The three amino acids in the middle of GnRH1 sequence have altered diversely from the primitive Chordata, which is indicative of the adaptation process to the ambient environment. GnRH2 and GnRH3 sequences are well conserved. There are more diverse modifications in the nucleic acids than in amino acid sequence of GnRH1. These variations can result from meiosis, mutation, or epigenetics and indicate that GnRH is the product of natural selection.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2016

The review article presents some of the history of how paleoparasitology started in Brazil, making highlight the great responsible Dr. Luiz Fernando Ferreira and Dr. Adauto Araujo, the trajectory of paleoparasitology in Brazil since 1978 and its performance in science to the present day. In sequence, it is made a presentation of parasitological findings on human remains found in archaeological sites in South America, highlighting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and Peru, where major discoveries have occurred. Many of the parasites found in archaeological material and mentioned in this review went out of Africa with the peopling of Europe and from there they dispersed around the world, where climatic conditions allow the transmission. However, humans have acquired other parasites of animals, since humans invaded new habitats or creating new habits adopting new technologies, thus expanding its range of influence on the environment. Thus, this review article is finalized with information that explain the importance of these findings in the interaction between parasites, human host, and ambient.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.515-522
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• 2010

o-phenylene diamines, dehydroacetic acid (DHA) 및 p-chloro benzaldehyde에서 유도된 세자리 Schiff 염기 리간드인 4-hydroxy-3(1-{2-(benzylideneamino)-phenylimino}-ethyl)-6-methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (HL)의 Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) 및 Fe(III) 착물의 형성상수와 항미생물 활성과의 관계를 연구하였다.리간드와 착물은 원소분석, 전도도, 자기수자율, 열분석, X-선 회절, IR, $^1H$-NMR, UV-vis 및 질량 스펙트럼으로 특성조사를 하였다. 분석데이터로부터 착물들의 화학량론비가 1:2 (금속:리간드)임을 알았다. 금속 착물들의 몰 전도도 값은 이들의 비전해질 성질을 의미한다. X-선 회절 데이터에서 Ni(II) 착물은 단사정계 그리고 Cu(II) 및 Co(II) 착물은 삼사정계 결정계임을 규명하였다. IR 스펙트럼 데이터로부터 리간드는 중심금속에 대해 ONN 주개원자 배열의 세자리 리간드로 행동함을 알았다. 열적 행동 (TG/DTA)과 Coats-Redfern 법에 의해 계산한 반응속도 파라메터는 착물형성 과정에서 좀 더 질서 있는 활성화 상태를 제안하고 있다. 착물의 양성자화 상수를 THF:물 (60:40) 용액, $25^{\circ}C$ 및 이온세기 ${\mu}=0.1\;M$ ($NaClO_4$)에서 전위차법으로 측정하였다. Staphylococcus aureu 및 Escherichia coli.에 대한 항박테리아 활성을 시험관에서 조사하였다. 또한 Aspergillus Niger 및 Trichoderma에 대한 항세균 활성도 조사하였다. 금속 이온 및 착물의 안정도가 항미생물학적 활성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2013

TCR subunits are members of membrane-bound receptors which allow the fast and efficient elimination of the specific fish pathogens have regulated function in adaptive immunity. Sequence structure of TCR subunits have been reported for various teleosts, but the information of each TCR subunit functional characterization through expression analysis in fish was unknown. In this study, we examined the gene expression of TCR subunits in the early developmental stages and observed transcript levels in various tissues from healthy adult olive flounder by RT-PCR. The mRNA expression of alpha subunit was already detected in the previous hatching step. But the transcripts of another TCR subunit were not observed during embryo development and increased after hatching and maintained until metamorphosis at the same level. It was found that all TCR subunits mRNAs are commonly expressed in the immune-related organ such as spleen, kidney and gill, also weak expressed in fin and eye. TCR alpha and beta subunit were expressed in brain, whereas gamma and delta were not expressed same tissue. The sequence alignment analysis shows that there are more than 80% sequence homology between TCR subunits. Because it has a high similarity of amino acid sequence to expect similar in function, but expression analysis show that will have may functional diversity due to different time and place of expression.