• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 곰팡이과 세균에서 유래된 ${\alpha}-amylase$와 유화제인 monogrlyceride(MG), sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate(SSL) 및 diacetyltartaric acid ester of mono- and diglycerides(DATEM)을 첨가하여 냉동반죽을 제조하고, 12주간 저장하면서 반죽의 rheofermentometer 특성 및 pH와 제빵시 비용적을 살펴보았다. 저장 기간이 증가할수록 효모의 불활성과 냉해동의 문제로 발효가 적게 일어났으나, 곰팡이와 세균에서 유래된 ${\alpha}-amylase$와 유화제를 첨가한 경우 감소율을 줄여 냉동반죽으로 안정성을 부여하였다. 저장기간 중 반죽의 pH변화에서는 저장기간이 길어질수록 냉동 반죽의 pH가 증가하였다. 저장기간에 따라 냉동반죽으로 제빵시 비용적에서는 곰팡이에서 유래된 효소와 유화제 SSL+MG를 혼합하였을 때와 세균에서 유래된 효소와 유화제 MG을 혼합하였을 때가 가장 큰 비용적을 보여주었고, 전체적으로 효소와 유화제 첨가구가 대조구에 비해서 빵의 비용적 감소를 줄이는 양상을 보였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.525-533
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• 2009

부들화분(Cattail pollen powder)을 기능성 빵의 소재로 활용하고자 화분의 일반 성분을 분석하고 소맥분에 부들화분을 3, 6, 9% 첨가하여 반죽의 물성 변화와 제빵의 가공 적성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 부들화분의 일반성분은 수분 12.7-13.2%, 조단백질 15.7-17.8%, 조지방 1.3%, 유리당 7.5-7.7%, 조섬유 14.7-18.6%, 회분 3.4-4.9%, 가용성 무 질소물 49.7-55.9%이었다. 소맥분에 부들화분을 첨가한 반죽의 물리적 특성은 첨가 비율이 높아질수록 흡수율은 증가하였으며, 반죽의 안정도는 감소하였다. 부들화분의 첨가에 따라 첨가 비율이 증가할수록 falling number값이 감소하였고 amylase활성이 높아졌다. 빵 반죽의 발효력은 부들화분 3% 첨가구에서 가장 우수하게 나타났으며 완제품에 있어서도 가장 큰 부피를 나타내었다. 수분활성도는 부들화분의 첨가량이 높아질수록 대조구보다 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였고 저장기간의 경과에 따라 크게 감소하였다. 빵의 hardness, springiness는 저장함에 따라 모두 증가하여 품질이 저하됨을 알 수 있었으며 부들화분을 첨가한 식빵 제품의 유통기한은 3일까지 설정하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단되었다. 빵의 기호도 조사에서 부들화분을 3% 첨가한 식빵의 기호도가 대조구에 비하여 모든 항목에서 가장 우수하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.518-524
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 냉동반죽의 동결장해.손상으로 제빵성이 저하되는 것을 막기 위한 방법의 하나로 우유단백질과 다당류 혼합물을 냉동반죽에 첨가하여 farinograph와 amylograph를 사용하여 반죽 특성 및 호화 특성 그리고 반죽부피를 조사하였다. Farinogram에 의하면 CA와 CK 첨가구의 수분 흡수율이 대조구보다 증가하였고 반죽 형성시간의 경우에는 CA 첨가구가 대조구의 3배정도 증가하였으며 WA 첨가구도 대조구보다 증가하였다. Amylogram에 의하면 CA, CK 그리고WK 첨가구가 호화개시 온도가 증가하였고, 최고 점도 도달 온도에서도 대조구보다 증가하였으나 최고 점도는 대조구보다 감소하였다. 우유단백질과 다당류 혼합물의 첨가로 반죽의 부피가 증가하는 결과를 가져왔다. 위의 결과들을 통해 단백질 다당류 혼합물을 첨가할 경우 제빵 적성을 향상시켜주며 CA와 WA를 냉동반죽 제조 시 첨가하면 동결손상으로 인한 제빵성의 저하를 억제할 수 있으며 빵의 노화를 지연시켜 저장수명을 연장시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.698-703
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• 2006

We investigated how the addition of polypeptides to instant fried noodle dough affects the dough properties, starch gelatinization, and textural properties of cup-type instant fried noodles. After comparing farinograph results of 100% wheat flour with 1% wheat flour substituted with gluten, there was a small difference in the mechanical dough properties. However, in the case of 1% wheat flour substituted with gluten peptides, the dough development time increased, dough stability decreased, and weakness increased. On the other hand, when gluten or gluten peptides were added, starch gelatinization did not change significantly. At the steaming stage, substitution with gluten peptides or soybean peptides markedly changed the molecular weight distributions of extractable polypeptides. Especially in the case of wheat flour substituted with 1% gluten peptides, the relative portion of low Mw extractable polypeptides (2.5-50 kDa) decreased more compared to a control. Also, the hardness and chewiness decreased in cooked cup-type instant fried noodles containing gluten peptides. This suggests that the addition of gluten peptides can reduce the rehydration time of cup-type instant fried noodles.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.162-173
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• 1998

The effect of soybean addition to the preparation of Jeung-Pyun(Korean fermented rice cake) and the fermentational characteristics of Jeung-Pyun dough were determined. Jeung-Pyun dough composed of rice 100g, soybean 20g, water 40g, salt 0.8g, sugar 15g and Tak-ju 30g was fermented for up to 20hours. the numbers of total microbes, yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in the dough during fermen-tation increased rapidly during 5 hours of fermentation, but Leuconostoc mesenteroides during 7 hours of fermentation, Generally, there were many more microbes in the Jeung-Pyun dough with soybeans than in the Jeung-Pyun dough with rice. The volume of 7 hour fermented Jeung-Pyun was most massive, especially in the soybean added Jeung-Pyun. 1% dextran-added rice Jeung-Pyun, the volume of steamed cake was increased more than that of rice Jeung-Pyun, but is was not as bulky as in the soybean-added cake. In the sensory evaluation of the test cake products, the 7 hour fermented cake was preferred by nost. As for instrumental characteristics, the 7 hour feremented Jeung-Pyun showed the lowest values for hardness and elasticity, brittleness and chewiness. The rice Jeung-Pyun showed were stored at 2$0^{\circ}C$ the hardness, brittleness and cohesiveness of rice Jeung-Pyun were respectively increased rapidly after 5 days of storage. The cohesiveness, elasticity, brittleness, chewiness, gumminess of both rice Jeung-Pyun and soybean-added Jeung-Pyun were decreased with storage time.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.346-354
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• 2001

Physicochemical properties of dough and bread supplemented with onion (Allium cepa L.) powder were investigated. Farinographic characteristics of dough showed that addition of onion by 2% and 4% increased water absorption, however, as the onion added more the water absorption decreased. Addition of 2% onion delayed time for development of dough a little, while more than 4% onion shortened the development time significant1y. A reduction in stability and an Increase in weakness of dough were observed by addition of onion. Addition of onion powder resulted in a reduction of extendibility and an increase in resistance to extension of dough as measured by extensograph. Amylographic analysis showed that addition of onion increased gelatinization temperature and decreased maximum viscosity. Moisture content, baking loss, height and volume of bread tended to decrease with the addition of onion powder. Lightness of bread crust and crumb decreased as the onion powder added more, while redness and yellowness increased. Bread tilth onion powder had mode free amino acid. especially, Arginine. aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine, than control. The addition of onion hardness of bread increased, but springiness decreased as the onion added more. Sensory evaluation of bread indicated that addition of 2% and 4% onion powder enhanced springiness, mouth feeling, appearance, hardness, moistness and overall acceptability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2011

In this study, the physicochemical properties of buckwheat flour and quality characteristics of brown-rice doughs containing various concentrations of buckwheat flour stored at $-18^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks and fermented were studied. The total polyphenolic contents, electron donating ability (EDA) of 0.5%, gelatinization onset temperature (To), gelatinization peak temperature (Tp), and gelatinization conclusion temperature (Tc) of buckwheat flour were 1,920.10mg%, 6.95%, $70.11^{\circ}C$, $78.21^{\circ}C$, and $84.05^{\circ}C$, respectively. There were no significant differences in the amount of yeast between brown-rice Jeung-pyun dough samples containing different levels of buckwheat flour and stored for different time periods. The amounts of carbon dioxide gas evolved from the brown-rice doughs were increased by increasing the concentration of buckwheat flour. The pH of brown-rice dough samples decreased with increasing storage period. Therefore, frozen brown-rice dough containing 6-15% buckwheat flour and stored for 3 weeks were the most desirable.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of low temperature conditions on the expansion of choux when mixing the dough with egg fluid. The egg fluid was tested at 5 and $17^{\circ}C$, and the dough temperature was 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 or $70^{\circ}C$. The expansion decreased with decreasing temperature of the egg fluid and dough, with the concomitant formation of membranes in the cavities of choux because of the poor emulsion stability of the choux paste. In addition, the structure of the choux pastry was not dense and the cracks in the surface were partial and narrow. The shape, expansion and cracks of choux were the best at a dough temperature of 60 and $70^{\circ}C$ added with egg fluid at $17^{\circ}C$. The temperature of the choux paste in these two samples was higher than the melting point of the butter used to produce the paste. Therefore, the practical limit temperature when mixing the egg fluid and dough is 20 and $60^{\circ}C$, respectively, and care should ve taken to maintain a low temperature when making choux in confectionary.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1011-1018
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• 2015

The effects of mixing speed (3, 6 and 10 speed) and time (2, 5 and 10 min) on the dynamic viscoelasticity of dough and the baking properties of gluten-free rice bread were investigated. The specific gravity of the dough was not affected by the mixing speed and time before and after fermentation. The elasticity (G') and viscosity (G") of the dough increased and the tan ${\delta}$ (G"/G') decreased with higher mixing speeds and longer mixing times. The specific volume of the gluten-free rice bread was affected by the mixing time in response surface methodology (RSM). The hardness of the gluten-free rice bread showed a decreasing trend as the specific volume for the gluten-free rice bread increased. The appearance of the gluten-free rice bread was symmetrical at high mixing speeds and long mixing times. Overall results indicated that the quality of gluten-free rice bread could be improved by controlling the mixing speeds and mixing times for the dough.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.687-696
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• 2010

This study focused on microwave irradiation of dough, raising its temperature to monitor potential variations of dough properties and bread quality, and examined the optimum mixture ratio towards streamlining the bread-making process. According to comparison and analysis on dough properties and bread quality depending on mixture materials, it was found that Salt 2 had the highest dough temperature of all, and Salt 1 had the highest fermentation rate and specific volume but the lowest hardness (i.e. highest softness). Results of sensory evaluation, were that Salt 1.5 scored highest points in sweet taste, aftertaste, and overall acceptance, but there were significant differences among bread samples. Likewise, it was found that Fat 6 had the highest dough temperature, fermentation rate and specific volume of all. Texture analysis, showed that Fat 0 had the highest hardness of all. According to sensory characteristics, Fat 3 scored the highest points in overall acceptance. Based on these results, the optimum mixture ratio of salt and fat for microwave-irradiated bread was found to be 1.5% salt and 3% fat.