• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological results of single and double fusions in the transverse tarsal joint. Materials and Methods: Between December 2000 and April 2009, 16 patients (16 feet) who had been treated by fusion of transverse tarsal joint were included in this study. In 8 patients, only talonavicular joint was fused and in the other 8 patients, both talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints were fused simultaneously. We have measured talo-first metatarsal angle, calcaneal pitch angle, talonavicular coverage angle and presence of adjacent joint arthritis for radiological assessment at both preoperative and last visit. Furthermore, we have evaluated Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and patient's satisfaction. Results: In a single fusion group, VAS was improved from $6.4{\pm}1.4$ to $0.8{\pm}1.0$ (p=0.0011) and AOFAS score was improved from $63.8{\pm}6.2$ to $89.4{\pm}9.8$ (p=0.0012). In a double fusion group, VAS was improved from $8.0{\pm}0.75$ to $2.0{\pm}1.8$ (p=0.0011) and AOFAS score was improved from $60.5{\pm}11.2$ to $89.5{\pm}6.0$ (p=0.0012). In the difference of talo-first metatarsal angle between two groups, a single fused group was more improved than a double fused group (p=0.04). Conclusion: Both single and double fusions are useful and attractive treatment for the transverse tarsal joint arthritis. Furthermore, a single fusion has advantages of less invasiveness and preserving some degree of hindfoot motion and could be an effective alternative to a double fusion if patient meets appropriate criteria through careful preoperative evaluation.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2022

다중모드 의료영상 융합(MMIF)은 각기 다른 특징들을 나타내는 여러 종류의 모드의 이미지를 풍부한 정보가 포함된 하나의 결과 이미지로 통합하는 것이다. 이러한 의료영상 융합은 의사가 환자의 병변을 정확하게 관찰하고 치료하는 것을 도와줄 수 있다. 이러한 목적에 영향을 받아 본 논문에서는 복층 분해기 및 미세구조 보존 모델에 기반한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 첫째, 복층 분해기를 사용하여 소스 이미지를 미세정보 보존의 특성을 갖는 에너지 층과 구조적 층으로 분해하였다. 둘째, 구조 텐서 연산자와 max-abs를 결합하여 구조적 층을 융합한다. 에너지 층의 융합을 위해 미세구조 보존 모델을 제안하였으며 이미지 융합성능을 크게 향상시킬 수 있었다. 마지막으로, 융합규칙을 통해 형성된 두 개의 융합된 하위 이미지를 합산하여 구축하였다. 실험을 통하여 제안된 방법이 현재까지 최첨단 융합 방법들과 비교하여 우수한 성능을 나타내는 것을 검증하였다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제40권1호통권392호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2002

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.383-387
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• 2000

융합(fusion)은 발육하고 있는 두 개의 독립된 치아가 상아질이나 법랑질부위에서의 결합으로 정의되며 보통 분리된 치근관과 단일의 큰 치관을 특징으로 하며 쌍생(gemination)은 단일치배내에서 조직의 함입으로 두 개의 치아로의 불완전한 형성을 이루는 발육상태로 정의되며 일반적으로 단일치근관과 큰 치관의 특징을 보인다. 융합이 정상치열의 두 개 치아사이에서 발생되었다면 치아수가 부족하게 되며 과잉치와 정상치아 사이에서 발생되었다면 정상치아수를 보일 것이며 이것은 방생과의 감별진단을 어렵게 한다. Brook과 Winter는 이러한 혼돈을 피하기 위해 'Double tooth' 라는 단어를 사용하였다. 일반적으로 증세는 없으나 임상적으로는 심미적인 문제와, 우식의 호발 치주적 문제, 치열의 문제를 보일 수 없다. 치료는 유치의 경우 일반적으로 치료가 불필요하며 영구치의 경우 심미적인 문제등으로 환자나 보호자에 의해 치료가 요구되어지기도 한다. 본 증례는 하악 영구측절치의 Double tooth로 내원한 8세된 여아로서 편측절단술(hemisection)과 치근단형성술을 시행후 비교적 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 이에 대해 보고하는 바이다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2012

This paper deals with the development of mechatronics fusion curriculum in Handong Global University. The execution of the program, which has been more than ten years long, is presented in the paper. The research indicates that changing the double major program from mechanical and metal engineering to mechanical and electronics control engineering resulted in dramatically increased number of students in the program and increased number of employment opportunities for graduating students. Percentage of satisfaction on the double major program was the highest from students enrolled among ten double major programs in the school. Overall grade average was significantly improved in junior year students compared to sophomore year students indicating the students became more engaged in their studies after having been trained in the program for one year. It is believed that multiple hands-on experiments and class projects conducted throughout the course assisted the development of the new curriculum. The study shows that the mechatronics fusion program is promising since it is relevant to the need of current age of industrial field that demands engineers with multidisciplinary capability.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.337-351
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• 2021

Automatically recognizing facial expressions in video sequences is a challenging task because there is little direct correlation between facial features and subjective emotions in video. To overcome the problem, a video facial expression recognition method using spatiotemporal recurrent neural network and feature fusion is proposed. Firstly, the video is preprocessed. Then, the double-layer cascade structure is used to detect a face in a video image. In addition, two deep convolutional neural networks are used to extract the time-domain and airspace facial features in the video. The spatial convolutional neural network is used to extract the spatial information features from each frame of the static expression images in the video. The temporal convolutional neural network is used to extract the dynamic information features from the optical flow information from multiple frames of expression images in the video. A multiplication fusion is performed with the spatiotemporal features learned by the two deep convolutional neural networks. Finally, the fused features are input to the support vector machine to realize the facial expression classification task. The experimental results on cNTERFACE, RML, and AFEW6.0 datasets show that the recognition rates obtained by the proposed method are as high as 88.67%, 70.32%, and 63.84%, respectively. Comparative experiments show that the proposed method obtains higher recognition accuracy than other recently reported methods.

• 폴리머
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2007

항암제인 독소루비신의 지속적인 방출을 위하여 PLGA와 독소루비신의 미립구를 수중유형(O/W) 용매증발 방법을 이용하여 약물의 농도와 고분자의 분자량의 변화에 따른 방출거동의 차이를 확인하였다. 이중층 미립구내의 독소루비신의 방출을 분석하기 위하여 형광 분광 광도계를 이용하여 5주 동안 독소루비신의 방출을 보았으며 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 이중층미립구의 단면과 표면을 확인하였다. 제조된 이중층 미립구는 외부층이 전체적으로 매끄러운 표면과 구형을 나타내고 있었고 이중층 미립구의 단면을 잘라 계면층을 중심으로 하여 내부형태와 외부형태를 구분 지을 수 있었다. 또한 제조된 이중층 PLGA 독소루비신 미립구는 방출 결과를 통하여 저분자량의 고분자를 이용할수록 방출이 빠르다는 것을 확인할수 있었다. 따라서 미립구를 제조하는데 있어서 고분자의 분자량을 조절함으로써 방출거동을 조절할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.12-17
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• 2014

Objective : Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is often complicated by subsidence, pseudoarthrosis, kyphosis, and graft donor site morbidities. To decrease the occurrence of these complications, various types of cages have been developed. We designed this retrospective study to analyze and compare the efficacy and outcomes of ACDF using double cylindrical cages (DCC) (BK Medical, Seoul, Korea) versus an anterior cervical plating system with autogenous iliac crest grafts. Methods : Forty-eight patients were treated with autograft and plating (plate group), and 48 with DCC group from October 2007 to October 2011. We analyzed construct length, cervical lordotic curvarture, the thickness of the prevertebral soft tissue, segmental instability, and clinical outcomes. Results : There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the decrease in construct length or cervical lodortic curvature at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The prevertebral soft tissue was thinner in the DCC group than the plate group immediately after surgery and at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. The difference in interspinous distance on flexion-extension was shorter in the plate group than the DCC group at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. However, there was no significant difference in this distance between the two groups at the 12-month follow-up. Conclusion : A double cylindrical cage is a good alternative for fusion in patients with cervical degenerative diseases; the surgical method is relatively simple, allows good synostosis, has less associated prevertebral soft tissue swelling, and complications associated with autografting can be avoided.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.604-609
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes associated with the use of hydroxyapatite (HA) spacer and allogeneic bone (AB) spacer in laminoplasty. Methods : From January 2006 to July 2014, 79 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy or ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament underwent cervical laminoplasty. The radiologic parameters were obtained from plain radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography. All images were taken before and after surgery. Cervical lordosis, spinal canal dimension, fusion between lamina and spacer, and resorption of spacer were checked. Clinical outcomes were assessed using visual analog scale and Japanese Orthopedic Association. Results : Double-door laminoplasty was performed on 280 levels : 182 in the HA group and 98 in the AB group. The mean follow-up was 23.1 months (range : 4-69 months). Similar fusion rates were found in these groups (p=0.3). The resorption rate between lamina and spacer was lower in the HA group (p<0.001). During the immediate postoperative period, the canal dimension of both groups increased compared with the results in the preoperative period. However, the canal dimension of the AB group decreased over time compared with that of the HA group (p<0.001). Conclusion : Double-door laminoplasty improved the clinical outcomes of both groups. However, the spinal canal dimension in the AB group showed a greater degree of reduction than in the HA group at the final postoperative follow-up. Therefore, we suggest that surgeons consider the use of larger-sized AB spacers in double-door laminoplasties.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1996

Teh baculovirus gp64 glycoprotein is a major component of the envelope of budded virus (BV) and has been shown that it plays an essential role in the infection process, especially virus-cell membrane fusion. We have cloned Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (AcNPV) gp64 protein were examined for membrane fusion activity by using a synchtium formation assay under various conditions. The optimal conditions required for inducing membrane fusion are 1) form pH 4.0 to 4.8 2) 15 min exposure of cells to acidic pH 3) at least 1 .mu.g of gp64 cloned plasmid DNA per 3 * 10$^{6}$ cells 4) and an exposure of cells to acidic pH at 72 h post-transfection. In order to investigate the role of hydrophobicity of the gp64 glycoprotein for the membrane fusion, the two leucine residues (amino acid position at 229 and 230) within hydrophobic region I were substituted to alanine by PCR-derived site-directed mutagenisis and the membrane fusion activity of the mutant was anlaysed. The gp64 glycoprotein carrying double alamine substitution mutation showed no significant difference in fusion activity. This result suggested that minor changes in hydrophobicity at the amino acid position 229 and 230 does not affect the acid-induced membrane fusion activity of the gp64 glycoprotein.