• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Alisma canaliculatum Extract (ACE) on pacemaker potentials of small and large intestinal interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) in mice. Methods : We used enzymatic digestions to dissociate the ICC in the small and large intestine in mice. The whole-cell patch-clamp method was used to record pacemaker potentials in ICC. Results : 1. The ICC generated the pacemaker potentials in small intestine in mice. ACE (0.1-1mg/ml) induced membrane depolarization and decreased frequency with concentration-dependent manners. 2. Pretreatment with a Ca²⁺ free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, a nonselective cation channel blocker, stopped the small intestinal ICC pacemaker potentials. In the case of Ca²⁺-free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, ACE had no effects on the membrane depolarizations in small intestinal ICC. 3. The ICC generated the pacemaker potentials in large intestine in mice. Membrane depolarization appears regularly in the small intestine, but irregularly in the large intestine. ACE induced membrane depolarization (0.1-1mg/ml) and increased frequency (0.1-0.5mg/ml). 4. Pretreatment with a Ca²⁺ free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, stopped the large intestinal ICC pacemaker potentials. In the case of Ca²⁺-free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, ACE depolarized the membrane depolarizations in large intestinal ICC. 5. In mice, intestinal transit rate (ITR) values were dose-dependently decreased by the intragastric administration of ACE. Conclusions : These results suggest that ACE can regulate the pacemaker activity of ICC and the reaction by ACE is different from the small and large intestinal ICC, and the control of the intestinal motion by ACE may be caused by many complex processes.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2023

의료분야에 3D 프린팅 기술이 활용됨에 따라 금속 재료에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 방사선종양학과에서는 전자선 치료 시 환자의 정상조직에 대한 불필요한 피폭을 차폐하기 위해 차폐블록을 사용하고 있다. 하지만, 납(Lead)과 카드뮴(Cadmium) 같은 중금속 물질의 취급, 숙련도에 따른 재현성과 배치의 불확실성 등에 대한 문제점이 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 금속 3D 프린팅에 사용될 수 있는 재료별 물리적 특성 및 방사선량을 분석하여 전자선 치료 시 활용할 수 있는 맞춤형 차폐블록을 개발하고자 한다. 후보 재료는 알루미늄 합금(d = 2.68 g/cm³), 티타늄 합금(d = 4.42 g/cm³), 코발트 크롬 합금(d = 8.3 g/cm³)을 선별하였다. 10 × 10 cm² 조사면, 6, 9, 12, 16 Me V 에너지로 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 차폐율 95% 지점의 두께를 도출하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 금속 3D 프린팅 재료 중 코발트 크롬 합금(d = 8.35 g/cm³)이 에너지별 차폐두께에서 기존 차폐블록(d = 9.4 g/cm³)과 유사하였다. 향후 금속 3D 프린팅으로 제작한 맞춤형 차폐블록을 이용하여 임상에서의 유용성 검증 평가 및 다양한 방사선 치료계획 조건 등을 통한 실험 검증이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2022

본 연구는 우리나라 해안에서 널리 서식 중인 해양 자원 중 하나인 전복(Haliotis discus hannai)의 차세대염기서열분석 데이터 기반으로 선별한 신규 펩타이드의 항암 활성을 평가한 연구이다. 펩타이드의 항암 활성은 교모세포종 세포주인 SNU-489에서 농도 의존적으로 처리 시간에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 200 µM로 48시간 처리하였을 때 암 세포 사멸율이 67%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 반면 정상 세포인 HaCaT에서 가장 높은 세포 사멸율은 18%로 농도 의존적이었으나 처리 시간과는 무관하였다. 또한 신규 펩타이드의 항암 메커니즘 과정을 밝히기 위해 세포자멸괴사(Necroptosis) 관련 유전자의 발현 변화를 qRT-PCR 방법을 통해 검증하였다. RIPK3는 신규 펩타이드 처리군에서 200 µM 처리 시 9배 이상 발현 증가, MLKL는 100 µM 처리군에서 대조군 대비 2배 이상 유의미하게 발현이 증가되었다. 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 전복 유래 신규 펩타이드는 암 세포 특이적으로 세포 독성을 가지며, 세포자멸괴사 메커니즘을 통해 암세포 사멸을 일으키는 것으로 추측되므로 신규 펩타이드가 추후 교모세포종 치료제의 후보 물질로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.378-383
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• 1989

수도 재배품종의 단점형질을 수양코자 상풍벼와 섬진벼 종자에 ${\gamma}$-선을 20kR로 조사하여 단간 및 조숙돌연변이 계통을 선발하는 과정에서 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 품종간에 변이출현율은 섬진벼보다 상풍벼에서 높게 나타났으며 조신선량간에는 두 품종 모두 20kR보다 25kR 조신구에서 높게 나타났다. 2. M$_2$세대에서 단간 조숙 및 유성변이체의 출현율은 상풍벼 20kR와 25kR에서 각각 1.10%와 1.47%, 섬진벼 20kR와 25kR에서 0.51%와 1.25%이었다. 3. M$_3$ 세대에서 단간돌연변이 계통중 상풍벼와 섬진벼의 두 품종 모두 25kR 조신구에서 모품종에 비해 각각 간장이 57%와 40%RK지 단축된 단간변이계통을 선발할 수 있었고, 모품종에 비해 10%정도 단축된 계통이 많이 출현하였다. 4. M$_3$세대에서 출수기의 변이분포는 비교적 넓었고 상풍벼와 섬진벼에서 모품종보다 출수기가 각각 30일과 20일 빠른 조숙돌연변이 계통을 선발할 수 있었고 모품종에 비해 7일 정도 단축된 계통의 출현은 많았다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.498-505
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the optimal dose of novel iron amino acid complexes (Fe-Lys-Glu) by measuring laying performance, egg quality, egg iron (Fe) concentrations, and blood biochemical parameters in laying hens. Methods: A total of 1,260 18-week-old healthy Beijing White laying hens were randomly divided into 7 groups with 12 replicates of 15 birds each. After a 2-wk acclimation to the basal diet, hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (negative control, the analyzed innate iron content was 75.06 mg/kg), 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu or 45 mg Fe/kg from FeSO₄ (positive control) for 24 wk. Results: Results showed that compared with the negative and positive control groups, dietary supplementation with 30 to 75 mg Fe/kg from Fe-Lys-Glu significantly (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) increased the laying rate (LR) and average daily egg weight (ADEW); hens administered 45 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu showed a remarkable (linear, p<0.05) decrease in feed conversion ratio. There were no significant differences among all groups in egg quality. The iron concentrations in egg yolk and serum were elevated by increasing Fe-Lys-Glu levels, and the highest iron content was found in 75 mg Fe/kg group. In addition, hens fed 45 mg Fe/kg from Fe-Lys-Glu had (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) higher yolk Fe contents than that with the same dosage of FeSO₄ supplementation. The red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin content (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) increased obviously in the groups fed with 30 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu in comparison with the control group. Fe-Lys-Glu supplementation also (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) enhanced the activity of copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) in serum, as a result, the serum malonaldehyde content (linear and quadratic, p<0.05) decreased in hens received 60 to 75 mg Fe/kg as Fe-Lys-Glu. Conclusion: Supplementation Fe-Lys-Glu in laying hens could substitute for FeSO₄ and the optimal additive levels of Fe-Lys-Glu are 45 mg Fe/kg in layers diets based on the quadratic regression analysis of LR, ADEW, RBC, and Cu/Zn-SOD.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2023

Background: Fearful and anxious patients who find dental treatment intolerable without sedative and analgesic support may benefit from moderate sedation. Target controlled infusion (TCI) pumps are superior to bolus injection in maintaining low plasma and effect-site concentration variability, resulting in stable, steady-state drug concentrations. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of moderate sedation with remifentanil and propofol using TCI pumps in non-hospital dental settings. Methods: A prospective chart review was conducted on 101 patients sedated with propofol and remifentanil using TCI pumps. The charts were completed at two oral surgeons and one general dentist's office over 6 months. Hypoxia, hypotension, bradycardia, and over-sedation were considered adverse events and were collected using Tracking and Reporting Outcomes of Procedural Sedation (TROOPS). Furthermore, patient recovery time, sedation length, drug dose, and patient satisfaction questionnaires were used to measure sedation effectiveness. Results: Of the 101 reviewed sedation charts, 54 were of men, and 47 were of women. The mean age of the patients was 40.5 ±18.7 years, and their mean BMI was 25.6 ± 4.4. The patients did not experience hypoxia, bradycardia, and hypotension during the 4694 min of sedation. The average minimum Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) and heartbeats were 75.1 mmHg and 60.4 bpm, respectively. 98% of patients agreed that the sedation technique met their needs in reducing their anxiety, and 99% agreed that they were satisfied with the sedation 24 hours later. The average sedation time was 46.9 ± 55.6 min, and the average recovery time was 12.4 ± 4.4 min. Remifentanil and propofol had mean initial effect-site concentration doses of 0.96 µ/.ml and 1.0 ng/ml respectively. The overall total amount of drug administered was significantly higher in longer sedation procedures compared to shorter ones, while the infusion rate decreased as the procedural stimulus decreased. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, no patients experienced adverse events during sedation, and all patients were kept at a moderate sedation level for a wide range of sedation times and differing procedures. The results showed that TCI pumps are safe and effective for administering propofol and remifentanil for moderate sedation in dentistry.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2023

본 연구는 알로에 형성층으로부터 유도된 캘러스에서 줄기세포를 추출하고, 이에 대한 항산화 활성 및 피부 탄력 개선효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 알로에 형성층 유래 줄기세포 추출물 AloStem과 캘러스의 세포 생존율을 확인한 결과, AloStem은 98.27%, 캘러스는 71.31%의 세포가 생존하는 것으로 확인되었다. AloStem의 DPPH 항산화 활성을 측정한 결과, 알로에 추출물보다 AloStem에서 2 배 이상의 항산화 효과를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. AloStem이 함유된 겔에 대한 인간진피섬유아세포의 독성을 확인한 결과, 0.25% 농도까지 영향을 미치지 않았으며, elastin, COL1A1 및 HAS2 mRNA 발현량을 증가시켰다. 또한, AloStem이 함유된 시트마스크를 이용하여 피부탄력 리프팅 효과에 대한 임상적 연구를 성인남녀 21 명을 대상으로 2 주간 진행한 결과, 피부 길이가 시트마스크 사용 전에는 116.75 ± 5.58 mm로 나타났으나, 2 주 사용 후에는 117.44 ± 5.17 mm 로 0.59%가 증가된 것으로 확인되어 AloStem을 함유한 시트마스크는 탄력 개선에 의한 리프팅 효과에 도움을 주는 것으로 최종 확인되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
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• pp.51-51
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• 2023

The world-wide rate of obesity is increasing continuously, representing a serious medical threat since it is associated with a variety of diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and numerous cancers. Sophora japonicais used as a traditional herb for medicinal purposes in eastern Asia. However, the anti-obesity effects of S. japonicafruit have not been explored. The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis by an ethanol extract of S. japonicafruit (EESF) in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. Our results demonstrate that EESF suppressed the terminal differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner, as confirmed by a decrease in lipid droplet number and lipid content through Oil Red O staining. EESF significantly reduced the accumulation of cellular triglyceride, which was associated with a significant inhibition of the levels of pro-adipogenic transcription factors, including PPARγ, C/EBPα and C/EBPβ. In addition, EESF potentially down regulated the expression levels of adipocyte-specific proteins, including aP2 and leptin. In particular, EESF treatment effectively enhanced the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway; however, the co-treatment with compound C, an inhibitor of AMPK, significantly restored the EESF-induced inhibition of pro-adipogenic transcription factors and adipocyte-specific genes. These results indicate that EESF may exert an anti-obesity effect by controlling the AMPK signaling pathway, suggesting that the fruit extract of S. japonica may be a potential anti-obesity agent.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2024

Purpose: Lycopene is abundantly contained in Tomatoes and is known for diverse biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. In this study, the antioxidative potential of lycopene was investigated through the induction of hemeoxygenase (HO)-1 by nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor2 (Nrf2) and upstream signaling molecules, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Aktin RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: The antioxidative potential of lycopene against oxidative stress and its molecular mechanisms were determined by the cell viability assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation assay, and Western blot analysis in RAW 264.7 cells. Results: Lycopene treatment significantly attenuated tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced intracellular ROS formation in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. In addition, 50 µM of lycopene for 6 h treatment induced potent HO-1 expression and its transcription factor, Nrf2. MAPK and PI3K/Aktwere also analyzed due to their critical roles in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis against oxidative damage. As a result, phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) was significantly induced by lycopene treatment while the activated status of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and Akt, were not given any effect. To confirm the antioxidative mechanism of HO-1 mediated by ERK activation, each selective inhibitor was employed in a protection assay, in which oxidative damage occurred by t-BHP. Lycopene, SnPP, and CoPP treatments reflected accelerated HO-1 expression could be a protective role against oxidative damage-initiated cell death. A selective inhibitor for ERK significantly inhibited the lycopene-induced cytoprotective effect but selective inhibitors for other signaling molecules did not attenuate the rate of t-BHP-induced cell death. Conclusion: In conclusion, lycopene potently scavenged intracellular ROS formation and enhanced the HO-1 mediated antioxidative potential through the modulation of Nrf2, MAPK signaling pathway in RAW 264.7 cells.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.830-843
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• 2019

Objective: To examine the potential of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging for detecting renal changes after iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) development in a diabetic rabbit model. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two rabbits were randomized into 2 groups: diabetic rabbits with the contrast agent (DCA) and healthy rabbits with the contrast agent (NCA). In each group, 6 rabbits underwent IVIM and BOLD imaging at 1 hour, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and 4 days after an iohexol injection while 5 rabbits were selected to undergo blood and histological examinations at these specific time points. Iohexol was administrated at a dose of 2.5 g I/kg of body weight. Further, the apparent transverse relaxation rate (R2^*), average pure molecular diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D^*), perfusion fraction (f) were calculated. Results: The D and f values of the renal cortex (CO) and outer medulla (OM) were significantly decreased compared to baseline values in the 2 groups 1 day after the iohexol injection (p < 0.05). A marked reduction in the D^* values for both the CO and OM was also observed after 1 hour in each group (p < 0.05). In the OM, a persistent elevation of the R2^* was detected for 4 days in the DCA group (p < 0.05). Histopathological changes were prominent, and the pathological features of CI-AKI aggravated in the DCA group until day 4. The D, f, and R2^* values significantly correlated with the histological damage scores, hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α expression scores, and serum creatinine levels. Conclusion: A combination of IVIM and BOLD imaging may serve as a noninvasive method for detecting and monitoring CI-AKI in the early stages in the diabetic kidney.