• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.357-362
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• 2018

References in the modern Korean literature in this area to the Korean medicinal plant name written in Chinese script and expressed as Sanggisaeng have been extremely confusing. This name has been considered as six species, specifically Loranthus parasiticus, Loranthus tanakae, Taxillus yadoriki, Taxillus chinensis, Korthalsella japonica, and Viscum album var. coloratum. Recently, it was suggested that sanggisaeng is not distributed in Korea; however, the plant name Sanggisaeng recorded in old Korean literature sources, such as in the Hyang-yak-chae-chwi-wol-lyeong, Hyang-yak-jib-seong-bang, and Dong-ui-bo-gam sources, among others, was identified using the name V. album var. coloratum, whereas in China, Sanggisaeng was referred to as T. sutchuenensis. The Hangeul name of Sanggisaeng had been Ppongnamugyeousali, but now the name Gyeousali is widely used.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to introduce the Clinical presentation and announce the importance of developing Clinical presentation of Korean medicine and suggest about development direction of Clinical presentation of Korean medicine. Methods: To Investigate the Clinical presentation used in western medicine. I think that Clinical presentation of Korean medicine is a systematic list of Korean medicine symptoms and a standard syndrome differentiation and treatment(辨證論治). So I would like to offer "PangYakHapPyon(方藥合編)" as a basis for developing Clinical presentation of Korean medicine. Results: The clinical presentation term has become widespread in use at Calgary Medical college. Calgary Medical college created a list of 120 clinical presentations In 1991. In Korea, 101 clinical presentations were made in 2016. "PangYakHapPyon(方藥合編)" has been used effectively for over 130 years and widely used in the public. In addition, "PangYakHapPyon(方藥合編)" is summarized in the symptoms and prescriptions that occur frequently in Korea. Conclusions: For the globalization and standardization of Korean medicine, Clinical presentation of Korean medicine should be developed. The overall form of Clinical presentation of Korean medicine uses the form of Clinical presentation of Canada and a standard syndrome differentiation and treatment(辨證論治) for diagnosis and treatment is based "PangYakHapPyon(方藥合編)".

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2006

Objectives: The subject of this research is the catechism on medicine between the doctors of Joseon and Japan in the 18th century through Choson Delegation(朝鮮通信使 ). Methods: The author intended to review and analyze the contents of catechism related to Acupuncture and Moxibustion and determined the characteristics of Joseon and Japan ?s Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Results: At the time, Japanese doctors had a grasp on most theories of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and were very specialized clinically. They usually used filiform needles with various techniques, and already they had many different schools in practice. However, they wanted to know if their Acupuncture and Moxibustion skills were up to the international standard, especially to Joseon, whom they regarded as a country advanced in Acupuncture and Moxibustion. They wanted to com- pare and contrast their Acupuncture and Moxibustion with Joseon's. 18th century Joseon was high time for Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Various tools were used in surgery, and varieties of needles were used to stimulate acupuncture points. The development of tools evinces the precision of Joseon's Acupuncture and Moxibustion at the time. Also, comprehensive works such as DongUiBoGam(東醫寶鑑) and UiHaklpMun( 醫學入門) greatly influenced Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Because of this impact, it can be deduced that Acupuncture and Moxibustion emphasizing Jang(臟) and Bu(腑) organs and Internal Injury developed greatly. In addition, acupuncturist Holm(許任)'s fame continued from the 17th century into the 18th century, and his medical practice left a huge mark on not only Joseon but other eastern Asian countries as well. Conclusions: We found out the evidences that there were a lot of exchanges of acupuncture and moxibustion between Korea and Japan based of the Joseon TongShinSa (Emissary)'s record of catechism on medicine in the 18th century.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.680-707
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• 2010

Research was conducted on vinegar types and characteristics with reference to representative literature such as SanGaYoRok, SikRyoChanYo, SooEunJabBang, GoSaChalYo, DongEuiBoGam, SaSiChanYoCho, JuBangMoon, ShinGanGuWhang, ChalYoSeo, EumSikDiMiBang, YoRok, ChiSengYoRam, SanRimKyoungJae,EumSikBo,OnJuBeop, SulManDeuNunBeop, KyuHapChongSeo, ImWonSipYukJi, JungIlDangJabJi, SulBitNeunBeop, SiUiJeonSeo, and BuInPilJi from the 15th to the 19th centuries of the Joseon Dynasty. Based on this research, a classification of materials used in vinegar, knowledge on treatment, preparation of ingredients, capturing flavor, storage of vinegar, as well as the favorable days that vinegar can be manufactured were studied and analyzed based on the different aspect of vinegar. Vinegar is a wellknown condiment throughout the world and has the potential of becoming a luxurious food. Replication and further analysis to expand the properties of vinegar is necessary using old literature, together with the literature identified above. Based on ongoing research, it is foreseeable that the development of a vinegar with unique characteristics and improved standards will be the foundation for the globalization of Korean cuisine, which is our current focus.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate cell viability, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunoenhancing activity using various extracts of Yeonsan Ogye.Methods : In order to evaluate cytotoxicity, MTT assay was performed. We investigated production levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αand interleukin (IL)-6, and nitric oxide(NO) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. NO production in RAW 264.7 cells was measured by using Griess reagent. Cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-αwere measured by Luminex and ROS was measured by Flow cytometry.Results : No cytotoxicity of various extracts of Yeonsan Ogye was observed in RAW 264.7 cells. Productions of ROS in RAW 264.7 cells were increased from extraction of bones and decreased from extraction of skin. Also, productions of NO in RAW 264.7 cells were increased to bone extract and decreased at skin extract. In addition, productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells were decreased at skin, meat extracts, respectively. Finally, the levels of immune-related cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) were increased compared to those of the normal group.Conclusions : It is concluded that Yeonsan Ogye extracts seem to have significant biological activities likes anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immuno-enhancing etc. These results may be developed as a raw material for new health food and new therapeutics to ease the symptoms related with inflammatory and oxidative stress. In terms of oriental traditional medicine, we expect that it contribute to building of EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) from the this result.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.25 no.4 s.34
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• pp.111-121
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• 1999

Acne vulgaris, the most common skin disease. can be formed as only a few comedons or severe inflammatory lesions. The pathogenesis of acne involves various factors; excessive androgen, excessive sebum production, abnormal alteration of follicular epithelium, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. We investigated acne therapy using oriental herbs described in the Korean traditional medical book(Dong-ui-bo-gam). Oriental herbs(Angelica daurica, Arctium lappa, Coptidis rhizoma, and Glycyrrhiza glabra) were chosen based on their respective property of sebum control, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-bacterial activity. We examined the effect of acne treatment, in terms of chemotactic inhibition, lipogenesis inhibition, and anti-bacterial activity for P. acnes. 1. Neutrophil chemotaxis assay; P. acnes secrete chemotactic factors and other pro-inflammatory extracellular products. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of P. acnes was measured by 48-well chemotaxis method. Angelica daurica clearly suppressed chemotactic activity of P. acnes. 2. Using sebaceous gland of hamster ear lipogenesis assay; Sebaceous lipogenesis was measured using ear biopsies by incubation or $C^{14}$-acetate in culture media. The $C^{14}$-labeled lipids were extracted and determined by liquid scintilation counting. Coptidis rhizoma markedly inhibited sebum production. 3. Anti-bacterial assay for P. acnes(MIC test); Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity. P. acnes did not develop resistance against Glycyrrhiza glabra. Retinoids are effectively to inhibit sebum production and regulate follicular keratinization process, with little anti-inflammatory activity. Angelica daurica suppressed neutrophil chemotaxis, Coptidis rhizoma inhibited sebum production, and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity against P. acnes. A combined formulation of Angelica daurica, Coptidis rhizoma. and Glycyrrhiza glabra is expected to provide effective acne treatment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.425-437
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• 2004

Medicinal plants are of great importance in providing healthcare to a large portion of the population in Korea. A number of plants are described in Dong-Ui-Bo-Gam for use in the treatment of allergic disorders, namely psoriasis, eczema, bronchial asthma, etc. In this study, we evaluated the effect of AllerQ, which is multi-complexes of various plants extracts such like Mori folium, Scutellaria baicallensis, Glycyrrhiza uralnsis, Mentha sacharinensis and Poncirus trifoliata on compound 48/80 induced anaphylactic shock, ovalbumin induced asthma in vivo and anti-IgE antibody induced hypersensitivity in vitro. We found antianaphylactic or antiallergic properties of AllerQ when given orally. AllerQ for prophylactic treatment for anaphylactic shocks have produced good results. AllerQ may modulate various aspects of immune function and allergic inflammation. In the present study, we analyse the effects of AllerQ on mast cell degranulation, mortality, cAMP/cGMP, O₂, H₂O₂ level, cyokine production and on the elicitation of IgE-mediated mast cell-dependent allergic inflammation in vivo and in vitro. We have established that AllerQ inhibited histamine release, cAMP/cGMP, O₂, H₂O₂ level, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and IL-6 production without having any significant physical change. These effects have been observed in mast cell(in vitro) and serum(in vivo) derived from three different origins that were activated by either immunological or non-immunological stimuli. These results suggest that the antianaphylactic and antiasthma tic action of AllerQ may be associated with an increase in the intracellular inhibition of the cAMP phosphodiesterase. Furthermore, AllerQ identified as potent inhibitors on O₂, H₂O₂ and cytokine activity. these data suggest that AllerQ may have an inhibitory role in mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation, and thus might be considered as an useful functional food.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.111-121
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• 1999

Acne vulgaris, the most common skin disease. can be formed as only a few comedons or severe inflammatory lesions. The pathogenesis of acne involves various factors; excessive androgen, excessive sebum production, abnormal alteration of follicular epithelium, proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes, and inflammation. We investigated acne therapy using oriental herbs described in the Korean traditional medical book (Dong-ui-bo-gam). Oriental herbs (Angleica daurica. Arctium lappa. Coptidis rhizoma, and glycyrrhiza glabra) were chosen based on their respective property of sebum control, anti-inflammatory activity, and anti-bacterial activity. We examined the effect of acne treatment, in terms of chemotactic inhibition, lipogenesis inhibition, and anti-bacterial activity for P. acnes. 1. Neutrophil chemotaxis assay ; P acnes secrete chemotactic factors and other pro-inflammatory extracellular products. Neutrophil chemotactic activity of P. acnes was measured by 48-well chemotaxis method. Angelica daurica clearly suppressed chemotactic activity of P. acens. 2. Using sebaceous gland of hamster ear lipogenesis assay; Sebaceous lipogenesis was measured using ear biopsies by incubation of $C^{14}$ -acetate in culture media. The $C^{14}$ -labeled lipids were extracted and determined by liquid scintilation counting, Coptidis rhizoma markedly inhibited sebum production, 3. Anti-bacterial assay for P. acnes (MIC test) Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity. P. acnes did not develop resistance against Glycyrrhiza glabra. Retinoids are effectively to inhibit sebum production and regulate follicular keratinization process, with little anti-inflammatory activity. Angelica daurica suppressed neutrophil chemotaxis. Coptidis rhizoma inhibited sebum production, and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed anti-bacterial activity against P. acnes. A combined formulation of Angelica daurica. Coptidisr hizoma and Glycyrrhiza glabra is expected to provide effective acne treatment.ent.ive acne treatment.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.17-24
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• 2011

Bonchoyuham Nyoryeong(本草類函要領) shows how Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑) -Mirror of Eastern Medicine- is understood, digested into Korean medicine, and at the same time how it participated in the historical shaping of Korean medicine since the publishing in the early 17th century. The author, Hyeon Jae-deok, internalized the structure, content, and significance of Donguibogam and drew out a novel, concise, but comprehensive type of medical manual, while many other medical books since the 17century in Korea are estimated to have been an abridged edition of the Donguibogam. It may well be estimated as exemplar of the extent to which Donguibogam informed Korean medicine since the 17 century. The book shows as well how Bencao Gangmu(本草綱目) -Compendium of Materia Medica- and Donguibogam are merged and set a new medical stream in the 19th century Korea. Hyeon Jae-deok looked at the Bencao Gangmu from the lens of clinical treatment and prescription such that he focused on sections, elements, or parts of procedures, treatments, and prescriptions, not on the herbal taxonomic knowledge of the book. This perspective was embodied in Bonchoyuham(本草類函), which cited simple remedies, prescriptions, or treatments from Bencao Gangmu.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

Objectives : Paeng-hwal is described as an insect herbal medicine used for digestive diseases in the Dong-ui-bo-gam. The origin of this herbal medicine is limited to several small crabs, such as Helice tridens. These crab species cohabitat in the same environment and share similar morphological characteristics, making it very difficult to distinguish and collect the individual species for use in dietary supplements or herbal medicines. This study was conducted to develop a genetic identification tool for discriminating among these closely related small crab species. Methods : CO1 DNA barcode regions of 15 samples from 6 species of small crabs were analyzed to obtain the individual sequences. To identify the correct species, comparative analyses were carried out using the database of the NCBI GenBank and the NIBR. SCAR primers were designed to develop simple and rapid assay methods using inter-species specific sequences. Optimal SCAR assay conditions were established through gradient PCR, and the limit of detection (LOD) was determined. Results : Six species of small crabs (Helicana tridens, Macrophthalmus abbreviatus, Helicana tientsinensis, Helicana wuana, Chiromantes dehaani, and Hemigrapsus penicillatus), which are distributed as Paeng-hwal, were identified through CO1 sequences analysis. We also developed SCAR markers to distinguish between six small crabs at the species level. Furthermore, we established the optimal PCR assay methods and the LOD of each individual species. Conclusions : The rapid and simple SCAR-PCR assay methods were developed to identify the species and control the quality of herbal medicines for Paeng-hwal based on the genetic analyses of CO1 DNA barcodes.