• 생태와환경
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• 제34권3호통권95호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2001

경안천과 팔당호 유입부는 하수처리장 배출수와 미처리된 생하수의 영향이 큰 곳이다. 자연조류 개체군을 이용한 희석법(bioassay)으로 배출농도 및 수질의 fertility를 평가하였다. $NH_4$, SRP 및 SRSi의 농도와 조류 생물량은 정상관 관계로서 특히 P에 대한 상관성에 대해 유의포가 높았다(r=0.959, p<0.001).배양 초기 농도에 비해 하수처리장과 생하수의 $NH_4$는 96%, 7%, SRP는 78%, 66% 및 SRSi는 97%, 60% 감소하였으나 NO3는 변화가 없거나 오히려 증가한 경향을 보였고, chl-a범위는 $20{\sim}125\;{\mu}g/l$로서 최대 89배 증가하였다. Chl-a와SRP의 관계로부터 조류 생물량을 중영양 기준(<25\;{mu}g$\;chl-a/l$) 이하로 유지할 경우 배출 P농도는 $83\;{mu}g\; P/l$에 해당하였다. 또한 이 기준을 고려하여 하천 유량의 희석에 의존할 경우 현재 유량보다 $16{\sim}25$배의 수량이 요구되었다. 수량 확보는 현실적으로 매우 어렵기 때문에 조류 생장을 촉진하는 $NH_4$, SRP의 저감을 위한 고도하수처리는 필수적이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

본 연구는 감조하천과 연결된 하수처리장 방류구에서 발생하는 거품의 형성기작 해석과 저감기술의 실험적용을 위하여 2015년 3월부터 2016년 7월까지 수행하였다. 거품은 방류구와 하천 수면 사이의 낙차에 의한 공기연행과 거품확산방지막에 의한 내부축적이 원인이었다. 특히 썰물 때와 방류량이 많을 때에 거품성장이 가장 활발하였다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 방류수로와 방류구에 각각 미세스크린 망과 수중방류 인공수로장치를 각각 설치한 후 실험하였다. 거품 저감효과는 각각 약 85.0~92.0%, 70.7~85.6% 범위였다. 또한, 거품뿐만 아니라 소음 등 부가적인 문제점도 해결할 수 있었고, 무엇보다도 민원예방에 기여할 것으로 본다. 본 연구는 단일 하수처리장을 대상으로 하였으나, 국내 다른 하수처리장의 유사한 사례에도 응용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.500-507
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the equity of the flow distribution from rapid mixing basin to the flocculation basins. Also, several types of inlet structures of the open channel affecting the flow pattern and distribution trend were studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. For investigating the factual phenomena in distribution channel, we selected a certain domestic water treatment plant with capacity of $361,000m^3/d$. From the measurements of flow discharge, it is investigated that this existing inlet geometry resulted in significant inequitable distribution. The both largest deviations in the basins and rows were over 10%. In order to reduce the these deviation, this study suggested installing a baffle against the influent, and showed the effectiveness which the largest deviation was less than 3%. Also, it was concluded that the existing design method of open channel could be improved by three-dimensional hydrodynamic analysis for optimizing the even flow.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2016

In this study, the RDII predictions were compared using two methodologies, i.e., the RTK-based and regression methods. Long-term (1/1/2011~12/31/2011) monitoring data, which consists of 10-min interval streamflow and the amount of precipitation, were collected at the domestic study area (1.36 km2 located in H county), and used for the construction of the RDII prediction models. The RTK method employs super position of tri-triangles, and each triangle (called, unit hydrograph) is defined by three parameters (i.e., R, T and K) determined/optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA). In regression method, the MovingAverage (MA) filtering was used for data processing. Accuracies of RDII predictions from these two approaches were evaluated by comparing the root mean square error (RMSE) values from each model, in which the values were calculated to 320.613 (RTK method) and 420.653 (regression method), respectively. As a results, the RTK method was found to be more suitable for RDII prediction during extreme rainfall event, than the regression method.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.907-914
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• 2012

Flexible pipes take advantage of their ability to move, or deflect, under loads without structural damage. Common types of flexible pipes are manufactured from polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), steel, glass fiber reinforced thermosetting polymer plastic (GFRP), and aluminum. In this paper, we present the result of an investigation pertaining to the short-term behavior of buried polyethylene pipe. The mechanical properties of the polyethylene pipe produced in the domestic manufacturer are determined and the results are reported in this paper. In addition, vertical ring deflection is measured by the laboratory model test and the finite element analysis (FEA) is also conducted to simulate the short-term behavior of polyethylene pipe buried underground. Based on results from soil-pipe interaction finite element analyses of polyethylene pipe is used to predict the vertical ring deflection and maximum bending strain of polyethylene pipe.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2014

The ozonation process has been widely used for drinking water disinfection around the world. Recently, the pressurized ozone contactor, in which the side stream typed ozone injection method is installed, has been applied to water treatment system. In this study, numerical calculations were conducted to compare prototype and screw-type ozone contactors based on hydraulic effectiveness in more details. The prototype ozone contactor was already installed and operated in domestic water treatment plant, and the screw-type is the suggested one for improving ozone contact efficiency installing the screw plate to the prototype. Screw turn numbers of screw plate were changed as 3, 5, 7 and 9, respectively for numerical simulation. The CT(concentration of disinfectant in mg/L times time in minutes) value was considered as one of the options for evaluating disinfection ability. From the results, it could be concluded that the performance of the screw-type is higher than that of the protype contactor by controlling the variable T as the tracer time. Also, Morill index of the screw-type(turn numbers = 5 ) appeared to be lower than the other.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2014

In order to suggest the methodology for improving the equity of flow distribution in open channel with multiple outlet, CFD simulations were carried out for actual scale distribution channel being operated in domestic G_WTP(Water Treatment Plant). Also, before and after installing the longitudinal multi hole(diameter=250 mm, 116 holes) baffle suggested by this research, turbidity measurements data were collected for evaluating the effects of hydraulic modification for inlet flow equity. From the both results, total turbidity of settled water was lowered by 30 % and equity of flow distribution was improved about 60 % compared with before hydraulic structure modification.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2002년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.425-428
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• 2002

This study has been carried out to analized of long term changes of water quality with regard to main pollutant sources in agricultural reservoirs on the basis of data during 1996-2001. The major source was domestic wastewater(DWW) and water pollution by non-point sources(NPS) is increasing as time goes. It was determined that Seasonly average values of DWW were pH $7.6{\sim}8.7$, COD $7.0{\sim}9.4$, T-N $0.74{\sim}2.07$, T-P $0.05{\sim}0.62$, Live-stock wastewater(LWW) were pH $7.5{\sim}8.9$, COD $5.5{\sim}9.8$, T-N $0.57{\sim}1.91$, T-P $0.04{\sim}0.13$, NPS were pH $7.1{\sim}8.3$, COD $3.1{\sim}5.2$, T-N $0.29{\sim}1.44$, T-P $0.02{\sim}0.07$. Fluctuation of DWW and LWW were very wide and variable long term patterns of them were similar. Trophic states by Carlson Index of DWW and LWW was classified as eutrophic to hypretrophic from chl-a, T-P concentration.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.581-587
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• 2007

In order to suggest the methodology for improving the equality of flow distribution in a distribution channel, wet tests were carried out for pilot plant which was scaled down to 1/8 of full scale distribution channel being operated in domestic K_water treatment plant. The correlation between various hydraulic variables and their effects on the equality of flow distribution was evaluated through wet tests using pilot plant. From the results of wet tests, the longitudinal baffle with orifices was installed in the distribution channel, the equality of flow distribution was improved on the condition that the Froude number in pilot plant was similar with that in the full scale channel. Also, the opening ratio of the orifices on the longitudinal baffled did not have influence on the performance of the equality of flow distribution when the average flow velocity and Froud number were relatively low (Froude number ${\fallingdotseq} 0.01$). In the other hand, the performance of the equality of flow distribution was improved with increasing the opening ration of on the longitudinal baffle under conditions of relatively high average flow velocity and high Froud number(${\gtrsim}0.1$)

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.571-579
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• 2007

This study was conducted to qualify the equality of the flow distribution from open channel between rapid mixing basin and flocculation basins in a domestic full-scale water treatment plant, and suggest a remedy for improving the equality. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the suggested remedy, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique are used, and for verifying the CFD simulation results wet tests were carried out for the pilot scale channel based on geometric similarity. From the results of CFD simulation and wet tests, it was investigated that the modification of hydraulic structure in the distribution channel, which is to install the longitudinal orifice baffle in flow direction, could improve the equality of the flow distribution. Also, in the case that Froude number is relatively small (Froude number <<0.03), the open ratio of orifices on the installed baffle hardly affects the equality of flow distribution.