• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.269-275
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• 2014

We developed a competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ciELISA) for determining the buckwheat content in processed foods by using rabbit polyclonal antibodies against buckwheat proteins (BWP). The detection limit of this assay was $0.05-100{\mu}g/mL$. The cross-reactivities of the anti-BWP antibodies toward BWP, buckwheat flour, whole buckwheat, and cereals (wheat flour, whole wheat, black bean, mung bean, red bean, brack rice, brown rice, glutinous rice, white rice, millet, African millet, nonglutinous millet, adlay, and rye) were 100, 17.9, 11.8, and 0%, respectively. Thus, the antibodies were found to be specific for buckwheat only. When buckwheat flour was heated for 30 min, the mean assay recoveries of BWP were 83.0% at $60-90^{\circ}C$ and 44.5% at $100^{\circ}C$. The spike test showed that the mean assay recoveries of buckwheat from raw noodle, boiled noodle, starch gel, and cereal flour were 99.1, 98.6, 81.1, and 104%, respectively. For the 22 commercial items tested, the qualitative coincidence ratio of assay result and the corresponding value indicated on the item's package label was 100%. However, the average quantitative coincidence ratios from 12 commercial items were 31.6%. Thus, the results suggest that ciELISA is an efficient tool to detect buckwheat in processed foods.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.3628-3633
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• 2012

This paper proposes a model of the real time monitoring system based on Ubiquitous Sensor Network (USN) for the detection and prediction of landslides. For this purpose, the real time monitoring system with tilting sensor and USN was set up and the performance was conducted. The performance was accomplished by conducting both field examinations and the experimental evaluation of the monitoring system. The results of this study show that the angle $0^{\circ}$, $-10^{\circ}$, $-20^{\circ}$ and $0{\sim}-30^{\circ}$ of sensor position detected by the sensor module coincide with the data measured from USN monitoring system by giving a sampling time 100[msec]. Consequently, the proposed model of the real time monitoring system with tilting sensor based on USN will be widely used as a monitoring system in the exposure to dangerous landslide regions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.276-284
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• 2020

This paper proposes a new convolutional neural network (CNN) based spectrum sensing technique for cognitive radio communications. The proposed technique determines the existence of the primary user (PU) by using energy detection without any prior knowledge of the PU's signal. In the proposed method, the received signal is high-rate sampled to sense the entire spectrum bands of interest. After that, fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the signal converts the time domain signal to frequency domain spectrum and by stacking those consecutive spectrums, a 2 dimensional signal is made. The 2 dimensional signal is cut by the sensing channel bandwidth and inputted to the CNN. The CNN determines the existence of the primary user. Since there are only two states (existence or non-existence), binary classification CNN is used. The performance of the proposed method is examined through computer simulation and indoor experiment. According to the results, the proposed method outperforms the conventional threshold-based method by over 2 dB.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.668-681
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was aimed to isolate a Salmonella Typhimurium-specific phage (KFS-ST) from washing water in a poultry processing facility and to investigate the feasibility of the KFS-ST as a novel bio-receptor for the magnetoelastic (ME) biosensor method. KFS-ST against S. Typhimurium was isolated, propagated, and purified using a CsCl-gradient ultracentrifugation. Morphological characteristics of KFS-ST were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Its specificity and efficiency of plating analysis were conducted against 39 foodborne pathogens. The temperature and pH stabilities of KFS-ST were investigated by the exposure of the phage to various temperatures (-70℃-70℃) and pHs (1-12) for 1 h. A one-step growth curve analysis was performed to determine the eclipse time, latent time and burst size of phage. The storage stability of KFS-ST was studied by exposing KFS-ST to various storage temperatures (-70℃, -20℃, 4℃, and 22℃) for 12 weeks. KFS-ST was isolated and purified with a high concentration of (11.47 ± 0.25) Log PFU/mL. It had an icosahedral head (56.91 ± 2.90 nm) and a non-contractile tail (225.49 ± 2.67 nm), which was classified into the family of Siphoviridae in the order of Caudovirales. KFS-ST exhibited an excellent specificity against only S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, which are considered two of the most problematic Salmonella strains in the meat and poultry. However, KFS-ST did not exhibit any specificity against six other Salmonella and 27 non-Salmonella strains. KFS-ST was stable at temperature of 4℃ to 50℃ and at pH of 4 to 12. The eclipse time, latent time, and burst size of KFS-ST were determined to be 10 min, 25 min and 26 PFU/ infected cell, respectively. KFS-ST was relatively stable during the 12-week storage period at all tested temperatures. Therefore, this study demonstrated the feasibility of KFS-ST as a novel bio-receptor for the detection of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in meat and poultry products using the ME biosensor method.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.286-292
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• 2016

Malaria is mainly transmitted by Anopheles sinensis which is dominant species in malaria high-risk area, northern part of Gyeonggi province in Korea. Pyrethroid insecticide is used for malaria vector, An. sinensis in Korea and the previous investigation consistently reported insecticide resistance from the vector. This study investigated insecticide susceptible and resistant alleles from An. sinensis and the status of malaria vector control in malaria high-risk area. For the study, An. sinensis collected from Paju, Gimpo and Ganghwa were sequenced for kdr detection. In Paju, there was no homozygous susceptibility and all of tested samples had homozygous or heterozygous resistance. There were 6.7% for susceptible homozygosity and 93.3% for resistant homozygosity or heterozygosity in Gimpo. Furthermore, the percentages of homozygous susceptibility and homozygous or heterozygous resistance in Ganghwa were 5.7% and 94.3% respectively. The results showed that the frequency of the insecticide resistance from An. sinensis in malaria high-risk area were increased much more than the previous investigation. Hence, this study suggests that malaria vector control programs should have to be prepared for the management of pyrethroid insecticide resistance.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2006

The distribution of iridoviruses in five freshwater ornamental fishes, pearl gourami (Trichogaster leeri), dwarf gourami (Colisa lalia), silver gourami (Trichogaster microlepis), blue gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus sumatranus) and freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare), imported from Singapore was examined in 2004 and 2005. The presence of iridoviruses in 56 sample groups was determined using PCR technique and showed PCR positive in 11 sample groups. The proportion of fish infected by iridovirus was differed depending upon species; 31.8% (7/22) for pearl gourami, 18.2% (2/11) for dwarf gourami, 16.7% (1/6) for blue gourami, 9.1% (1/11) for silver gourami and 0% (0/6) for angelfish. In quantitative comparison of viral DNAs isolated from infected tissues, the DNA concentration of iridovirus in pearl gourami was higher than that in dwarf gourami. Although pearl gourami infected naturally by iridovirus showed 100% mortality in keeping experiment for 3 weeks, only 57% of those was positive in PCR. In the comparison of nucleotide sequences of the PstⅠ fragment known as the most variable genomic region, both iridoviruses isolated from pearl gourami and dwarf gourami showed identity more than 99% with infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) isolated from mandarinfish (Siniperca chuatsi).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.689-697
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• 2020

Hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) may cause maritime incidents during marine transportation, which are liable to lead to a large amount of spillage or discharge into the sea. The damage to the marine environment caused by the HNS spill or discharge is known to be much greater than the damage caused by oil spill. Particularly dangerous is HNS, which is deposited or buried in the seabed, as it can damage the organisms that live on, in, and near the bottom of the sea, the so-called "benthos," forming the benthic ecosystem. Therefore, it is vital that the HNS deposited on the seabed be recovered. In order to do so, procedures and equipment are required for accurate detection, stabilization treatment, and recovery of HNS in subsea sediment. Thus, when developing a mechanical recovery system, the performance requirements should be selected using performance indices, and the conceptual design of the mechanical recovery system should be based on performance requirements decided upon and selected in advance. Therefore, this study was conducted to arrive at a conceptual design for a mechanical recovery system for the recovery of HNS deposited on the seabed. In the design of the system, based on the fundamental scenario, the method of suction foundation with the function of self enclosing was adopted for recovering the HNS sediment in the subsea sediment. The mechanical recovery system comprises the suction foundation, pollution prevention, a pump system, control system, monitoring device, location information device, transfer device, and tanks. This conceptual design is expected to be reflected and used in the basic design of the components and shapes of the mechanical recovery system.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.515-519
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• 2009

Antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis were detected by the immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test in sera collected from cats, thoroughbred horses and Holstein cattle in Gwangju, Jeonju and Jeju Island of Korea. Two hundred fifty four sera (33 feral and pet cats, 92 grazing horses and 129 grazing cattle) were obtained from Republic of Korea. Antibodies to A. phagocytophilum (titer $\geq$ 80) were detected in 6 of the 33 feral and pet cats (18.2%), and 1 seropositive cat (3.0%) also had antibodies to E. chaffeensis. Only 1 of 129 (0.8%) cattle and 2 of 92 (2.2%) horses had antibodies to A. phagocytophilum. Antibodies to E. chaffeensis were not detected in either of these animals. This is the first report of serological evidence of A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis from cats, cattle and horses in Korea. These rickettsial agents could have an important impact on human health or impact animal health with economic losses among industrial grazing animals in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.605-610
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• 2010

The devices based on electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) structure are proposed for the detection of external electric charges. A large size charge contact window (CCW) extended from the floating gate is employed to immobilize external charges, and a control gate with stacked metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor is adapted for a standard single polysilicon CMOS process. When positive voltage is applied to the capacitor of CCW of an n-channel EEPROM, the drain current increases due to the negative shift of its threshold voltage. Also when a pre-charged external capacitor is directly connected to the floating gate metal of CCW, the positive charges of the external capacitor make the drain current increase for n-channel, whereas the negative charges cause it to decrease. For an p-channel, however, the opposite behaviors are observed by the external voltage and charges. With the attachment of external charges to the CCW of EEPROM inverter, the characteristic inverter voltage behavior shifts from the reference curve dependent on external charge polarity. Therefore, we have demonstrated that the EEPROM inverter is capable of detecting external immobilized charges on the floating gate. and these devices are applicable to sensing the pH's or biomolecular reactions.

• School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.273-287
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to obtain a deeper understanding of didactic processing in the class that unified with engineering by analyzing on the types of the teacher's instumental orchestration and schematizing it as an activity system. In order to do so, a qualitative study of a 5th grade class for math-gifted students in Y elementary school with ethnography was conducted. Interviews with the students were held and various document data were collected during the participational observation of the class. The collected qualitative data were gone through the analytical induction while the instrumental orchestration of Drijvers, Boon, Doorman, Reed, & Gravemeijer as well as the secondgeneration activity theory of Engestrom were using as the frame of conceptional reference. According to the result of this study, there exist 4 types, such as 'technical demo' 'link screen board', 'detection-exploring small group' and 'explain the screen and technical demo'.