• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2012

Background: The common causes of lower back pain with or without leg pain includes disk disease and spinal stenosis. A definitive diagnosis is usually made by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but treatment is often difficult because the MRI findings are not consistent with the symptoms of the patient in many cases. The objective of this study was to observe the correlation between the patterns of epidurography performed in patients having lower back pain with or without leg pain and the position or severity of the pain as subjectively described by the patients. Methods: The subjects of this study were 69 outpatients with lower back pain with or without leg pain who visited our clinic and complained of predominant pain on one side. We performed caudal epidural block using an image intensifier. A mixture of the therapeutic drug and the contrast agent (10 ml) was injected to observe the contrast flow pattern. The patients who complained of predominant pain on one side were divided into the left side group and the right side group. A judgment of inconsistency was made if the contrast agent flowed to the side of the pain, while a judgment of consistency was made if the contrast agent flowed to the opposite side of the pain. The degree of the drug distribution was evaluated by counting the number of cells to which the contrast agent's flowed for evaluating the correlation between the contrasted cell and the severity of pain (one group ${\leq}$ VAS 7, the other group ${\geq}$ VAS 8) the degree of the contrast agent's contrast was evaluated by dividing and counting an image into 15 cells (the left, right, and middle sections at each level of L4, L5, S1, S2, and S3). Results: Thirty out of the 69 patients who had laterality in pain, that is, those who complained of predominant pain on one side, showed that the laterality of the pain and the contrast agent flow was consistent, while 39 patients showed that the laterality was inconsistent (P: 0.137). The evaluation of the correlation between the pain and the contrast agent flow showed that the mean number of contrasted cells was $9.0{\pm}2.2$ for the 46 patients in the group with a VAS of 7 or lower and $6.5{\pm}2.0$ for the 23 patients in the group with a VAS of 8 or higher, indicating that the former group showed a significantly greater number of contrasted cells (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study, conducted with patients having lower back pain with or without leg pain, showed that the contrast flow pattern of caudal epidurography had a significant correlation with the severity of the pain but not with the laterality of the pain.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.617-626
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 TELEMAC-2D를 이용하여 개수로 분류부에서 분류각과 분류유량비 변화에 따른 유속분포, 흐름분리구역의 크기, 분류각과 유량비 변화의 상관관계를 파악하였다. 상·하류단 경계조건의 변화 없이 분류각만 90°에서 45°로 감소하면 주흐름에서 분리되어 분류수로로 유입되는 흐름의 곡률반경이 증가하고 급격한 흐름방향의 전환에 의한 에너지손실은 감소하며, 주수로와 분류수로 하류방향으로 흐르는 흐름의 관성력과 하류단 경계조건에 의한 압력경사의 영향으로 분류수로에 유입되는 분류유량비가 0.523에서 0.785로 약 1.5배 증가하였다. 분류부 상류 유입흐름의 프루우드 수가 F₁ = 0.45~0.74인 흐름에서 분류각을 90°에서 45°로 15° 간격으로 감소할 때마다 분류유량비는 각각 6~10%, 17~30%, 32~54%로 비선형적으로 증가하며, F₁가 최대 0.74인 흐름에서 분류유량비 증가율이 31.1%로 최소값을 나타내고 F₁ = 0.58 일 때 분류유량비가 0.7 이하이면서 최대 분류유량비 증가율 53.5%을 나타내며, F₁이 0.58보다 감소할수록 분류유량비가 0.7을 초과하면서 그 증가율도 함께 감소하게 된다. F₁ > 0.4인 흐름은 F₁ < 0.4의 흐름보다 무차원 흐름분리구역의 폭(S_W/B) 변화율은 약 2.56배 높으며 무차원 흐름분리구역 길이(S_L/B) 변화율은 약 5.5배 높게 나타난다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2020

A 9-month-old, 11.3 kg, intact, male, mixed-breed dog was referred for treatment of cor triatriatum dexter (CTD); a 5-month-old, 1.9 kg, intact, male Maltese for pulmonic stenosis (PS); and a 3-year-old, 6.62 kg, intact, female West Highland white terrier for esophageal stricture with regurgitation. A balloon catheter intervention was performed in the dog with CTD, and subsequent color Doppler ultrasound and abdominal ultrasound showed normal blood flow across the perforated membrane dividing the right atrium and the disappearance of the severe ascites present before treatment. Balloon catheter intervention in the dog with PS reduced the blood flow through the stenosis from 5.82 m/s to 3.97 m/s. In the dog with esophageal stricture, balloon catheter intervention widened the esophagus and no subsequent regurgitation was observed. Balloon catheter intervention is an interventional radiology procedure that represents a definitive treatment option for various stenotic lesions in dogs, including CTD, PS, and esophageal stricture. Although interventional radiology procedures for these diseases have already been reported, details of procedures and successful outcome have not been reported in Korea.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 1999

The lower extremity injuries are extremely increasing with the development of industrial & transportational technology. For the lower extremity injuries that result from high-energy forces, particularly those in which soft tissue and large segments of bone have been destroyed and there is some degree of vascular compromise, the problems in reconstruction are major and more complex. In such cases local muscle coverage is probably unsuccessful, because adjacent muscles are destroyed much more than one can initially expect. Reconstruction of the lower extremity has been planned by dividing the lower leg into three parts traditionally The flaps available in each of the three parts are gastrocnemius flap for proximal one third, soleus flap for middle one third and free flap transfer for lower one third. Microvascular surgery can provide the necessary soft tissue coverage from the remote donnor area by free flap transfer into the defect. Correct selection of the appropriate recipient vessels is difficult and remains the most important factor in successful free flap transfer. Vascular anastomosis to recipient vessels distal to the zone of injury has been advocated and retrograde flow flaps are well established in island flaps. Retrograde flow anastomosis could not interrupt the major blood vessels which were essential for survival of the distal limb, the compromise of fracture or wound healing might be prevented. During 5 years, from March 1993 to Feb. 1998, we have done 68 free flap transfers in 61 patients to reconstruct the lower extremity. From analysis of the cases, we concluded that for the reconstruction of the lower extremity, free flap transfer yields a more esthetic and functional results.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2017

자동차 보급률이 증가함에 따라 교통 혼잡과 관련된 문제가 대두되고 있으며 선진국을 중심으로 카풀 등의 공유교통이 주요 관심사로 떠오르고 있다. 본 연구에서는 혁신도시 이전공공기관의 기관 내 종사자를 대상으로 중 장거리 출 퇴근 시에 카풀을 도입할 경우에 발생하는 편익을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 이전공공기관의 카풀 이용 수요를 추정하고 교통류 모형을 이용하여 카풀을 도입함에 따라 감소하는 교통량에 따른 통행속도를 추정하였다. 편익은 직접편익과 간접편익으로 구분하였으며 분석결과, 직접편익과 간접편익은 연간 약 230억 원, 565억 원의 편익이 발생하는 것으로 나타나 향후 장래 교통수요관리를 위한 카풀 도입의 기초연구로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 주식시장과 채권시장간의 정보 이전효과(information flow effect)를 살펴보기 위해 우리나라 KOSPI의 일일지수와 초단기 채권형 펀드(money market fund : MMF) 수익률 자료를 이용하여 분석하였다. 전체 분석대상 기간은 1997년 5월 2일부터 2019년 8월 30일까지 이다. 1997년 5월 2일부터 2008년 12월 30일 글로벌금융위기전 기간, 2008년 12월 30일부터 2019년 8월 30일까지 글로벌금융위기 후 기간과 전체기간으로 세분하여 실증분석을 하였다. 분석결과 비대칭적 변동성을 고려한 EGARCH 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 주식시장과 채권시장 간에는 가격이전효과와 변동성 이전효과가 양방향으로 존재하는 것으로 나타났으며, 가격이전효과는 두 시장 간에 글로벌금융위기전 기간이 후보다 더 크게 나타났다. 주식시장과 채권시장간의 정보에 대한 비대칭적 변동성이 두 시장에 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.985-996
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• 2019

Objective: To determine the correlation between cerebral blood flow (CBF) on arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI and the degree of postoperative revascularization assessed on digital subtraction angiography in children with moyamoya disease (MMD). Materials and Methods: Twenty-one children (9 boys and 12 girls; mean age, 8.4 ± 3.6 years; age range, 3-16 years) with MMD who underwent both pseudocontinuous ASL MRI at 1.5T and catheter angiography before and after superficial temporal artery encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis were included in this retrospective study. The degree of revascularization in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory was evaluated on external carotid angiography and was graded on a 3-point scale. On ASL CBF maps, regions of interest were manually drawn over the MCA territory of the operated side at the level of the centrum semi-ovale and over the cerebellum. The normalized CBF (nCBF) was calculated by dividing the CBF of the MCA territory by the CBF of the cerebellum. Changes in nCBFs were calculated by subtracting the preoperative nCBF values from the postoperative nCBF values. The correlation between nCBF changes measured with ASL and the revascularization grade from direct angiography was evaluated. Results: The nCBF value on the operated side increased after the operation (p = 0.001). The higher the degree of revascularization, the greater the nCBF change was: poor revascularization (grade 1), -0.043 ± 0.212; fair revascularization (grade 2), 0.345 ± 0.176; good revascularization (grade 3), 0.453 ± 0.182 (p = 0.005, Jockheere-Terpstra test). The interobserver agreement was excellent for the measured CBF values of the three readers (0.91-0.97). Conclusion: The nCBF values of the MCA territory obtained from ASL MRI increased after the revascularization procedure in children with MMD, and the degree of nCBF change showed a significant correlation with the degree of collateral formation evaluated via catheter angiography.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2020

For the fault tree analysis (FTA) analysis of the packaged hydrogen filling station, the composition of the charging station was analyzed and the fault tree (FT) diagram was prepared. FT diagrams were created by dividing the causes of events into external factors and internal factors with the hydrogen event as the top event. The external factors include the effects of major disasters caused by natural disasters and external factors as OR gates. Internal factors are divided into tube tailer, compressor & storage tank, and dispenser, which are composed of mistakes in operation process and causes of accidents caused by parts leakage. In this study, the purpose was to improve the hydrogen station. The subjects of this study were domestic packaged hydrogen stations and FTA study was conducted based on the previous studies, failure mode & effect analysis (FMEA) and hazard & operability study (HAZOP). Top event as a hydrogen leaking event and constructed the flow of events based on the previous study. Refer to "Off shore and onshore reliability data 6th edition", "European Industry Reliability Data Bank", technique for human error rate prediction (THERP) for reliability data. We hope that this study will help to improve the safety and activation of the hydrogen station.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2005

본 연구는 고속도로 가속차로 길이에 따른 합류부의 교통특성과 지정체양상 및 혼잡수준을 분석하여 가속차로의 길이가 합류부 교통소통상태에 미치는 영향을 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 가속차로의 길이가 확연히 다른 두 합류부(수원IC 및 신갈JC)에 대하여 합류부(가속차로구간)를 여러 소구간으로 나누어 카메라로 교통자료를 수집하였으며, 합류부 상하류 구간 조사하였다. 조사자료의 분석에 있어서는 교통류 특성변수인 교통량, 속도, 밀도자료를 사용하였고, 합류부에서 합류의 영향과 지정체양상을 파악하기 위하여 밀도변화량이란 새로운 척도를 도입하여 분석하였다. 가속차로의 길이가 긴 신갈JC의 혼잡도가 수원IC에 비하여 확연히 심하게 나타났으며, 그 원인과 특징 등을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

현대의 건축공사는 고층화 추세에 따라 반복공정의 수가 증가하고, 마감공사에서의 관련 공종 수가 증가하여 작업연속성에 대한 계획 및 공사관리가 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 이러한 마감공사의 합리적 운용을 위해 작업구역의 분할과 각 작업을 일정한 리듬으로 반복되도록 함에 따라 공정의 개선을 이루고자하는 기법 중의 하나가 택트공정관리 기법이다. 택트공정관리에서는 작업구역의 출역인원 파악으로 현재의 공정 진행률을 측정하는데, 작업의 특성을 고려하지 않은 작업구역 분할 체계는 출역인원의 정확한 파악을 저해하는 요소로 작용한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 사례조사 및 현장 인터뷰를 통하여 현재 작업구역 분할 체계와 맞지 않는 공종을 파악하고, 작업의 특성을 고려한 작업구역 분할 체계를 제시하였다.