• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.51-68
• /
• 1982

A method of calculation of temperature distribution during welding was studied and compared with the existing formulas and experimental results. In contrast to the existing formulas which are founded on the suppositions that the heat source is a point and that the dimensions of welded pieces are infinite, we tried to make the distribution of calorific density of heat source approach reality more closely, so we considered it as a normal distribution of Gauss, and we presented the formulas for calculation of temperature during welding. We also used the principle of superposition for the temperature calculations of finite welded pieces. We compared the formulas presented in this paper with the existing formulas by calculations for the welding of various materials, and considerable differences around the heat source were convinced. The thermal cycles of various points were traced through the welding experiments for the mild steel, and they were compared with the results of calculations.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.275-286
• /
• 2020

The study explores factors that affect the performance of responsibility accounting at public universities in Vietnam. The study conducted a survey of 130, out of 154 public universities in Vietnam and uses regression analysis methods. The results identify eight groups of factors affecting the performance of responsibility accounting at these establishments of higher education: Division of the organization into responsibility centers, Estimation and Reality, Cost and income allocation, University autonomy, Management decentralization, Estimation, Reward, and Report. Costs and income allocation for responsibility centers, university autonomy, and the division of universities into responsibility centers are shown to significantly affect the performance of public universities in Vietnam. The results show that the performance of responsibility accounting at public universities in Vietnam is influenced by decentralization of management, division of the organization into responsibility centers, reward, cost and income allocation, estimation, evaluation of the results achieved between the estimation compared with reality, release of reports and university autonomy. Among the factors, cost and income allocation, university autonomy, division of the organization into responsibility centers, reward and evaluation of results achieved between estimation and reality have strong impacts. The study findings also indicate that the school council does not affect responsibility accounting at these universities.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2023

Purpose: Online distribution channel alludes to the many different digital channels utilized in marketing and distributing goods and services to end users. The present research aims to explore and provide various retail strategy for the success of the art market within online distribution channel. Research design, data and methodology: The current author has conducted and investigate the qualitative textual methodology to take a look at carefully the current and prior literature dataset to achieve the purpose of the present research so that the present author could obtain total 27 relevant prior studies. Results: According to the comprehensive literature investigation, this research has found that there are six kinds of retail strategy for the prosperity of the art market within online distribution channel as follows: (1) Blockchain Technology, (2) Artificial Intelligence (AI), (3) Virtual Reality (VR), (4) Online Market Places, (5) Social Media, and (6) Regulations. Conclusions: The results of this analysis of the relevant literature show that the art market industry needs to adjust to keep up with the quickly shifting landscape of the digital world. In addition, although these technologies can be helpful in addressing difficulties linked to authenticity and transparency, they cannot eliminate the hazards of fraud and misrepresentation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.523-528
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we describe the internet-based remote home automation system that con control and manage home appliances or digital devices bi-directionally through Internet. The platform-independency of VRML and Java applet enables users to access their home appliances and to check current state of them in t he virtual reality environment. The main focus is on three aspects. One is on the virtual reality technology to support the user interface efficiently by using 3D GUI in web-browser. Another is on the system architecture that consists of Home server and its manager server called Gate server in this paper. These servers have been implemented by Java RMI which is the basic single programming interface for distribution of objects and services using Java technology. The third, remote PLC controller and each digital devices are composed of home networking by PLC using CEBus protocol.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.212-216
• /
• 2000

어떤 특정한 환경과 상황을 가상적으로 모의함으로써 그 환경에 있는 사람이 마치 실제적인 환경 또는 상황과 상호 작용을 하고 있는 것처럼 만들어 주는 진보된 기술을 가상현실(virtual reality) 이라고 한다. 가상현실을 실현하기 위해서는 주변의 영상, 음향, 운동감, 열환경, 후각환경 등이 실제처럼 제시되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이중 후각환경의 제시를 위하여 급기 및 배기 위치에 따른 향 농도의 분포를 수치해석적으로 예측한다. 수치해석 결과는 VR 영상관의 향 배기 시스템의 설계 자료로 활용된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.27-34
• /
• 1998

The paper is the second part on the 3-D sound-field creation implementing the Virtual Reality Ship Handling Simyulator(VRSHS). As mentioned in the previous part Ⅰ, the spatial impression, which arose from reproduced 3-D sound-field , give natural sound environmental context to a listener. This spatial impression is due to the reverberation by reflections and ,is can be obtain by using Head-Related Transfer Function(HRTF). In this work, we foumulate early and late reverberation models of the HRTF's with theoretical control factors based on the sound-energy distribution in an irregularly shaped enclosures. Using the reverberation models, we report results from psychophysical tests used to asses the validity of the proposed 3-D soud-field control method.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.147-157
• /
• 2018

With the rapid development of the 4th industrial revolution, the large-sized facilities of agriculture have been developed with high-technologies. However, it is difficult to maintain the optimum environment in large-sized facilities. Although it is essential to control micro-climate properly in large-sized facilities, there are a lot of problems to utilize high-technologies and equipment because of insufficient education for farmers. Most farms have limitations to access to their farm because of prevention of epidemics, exposure of management know-how, and so on. Especially, it is difficult to understand internal environmental factors (airflow, temperature, humidity, etc.) for farmers because these factors are invisible. Recently, Virtual reality technology which allows users to experience various phenomena directly is attracting attention. Virtual reality is very useful technology to visualize airflow and temperature distribution and so on. However, there is no cases applied this technology to agricultural facilities. In this study, research trends of virtual reality in various fields were investigated. In particular, the limitation and possibility of virtual reality technology were analyzed for educating farmers. Finally, the development of virtual reality contents for smart-farm facility were suggested.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2014

The inverse Rayleigh model distribution and Rayleigh distribution model were widely used in the field of reliability station. In this paper applied using the finite failure NHPP models in order to growth model. In other words, a large change in the course of the software is modified, and the occurrence of defects is almost inevitable reality. Finite failure NHPP software reliability models can have, in the literature, exhibit either constant, monotonic increasing or monotonic decreasing failure occurrence rates per fault. In this paper, proposes the inverse Rayleigh and Rayleigh software reliability growth model, which made out efficiency application for software reliability. Algorithm to estimate the parameters used to maximum likelihood estimator and bisection method, model selection based on mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination($R^2$), for the sake of efficient model, were employed. In order to insurance for the reliability of data, Laplace trend test was employed. In many aspects, Rayleigh distribution model is more efficient than the reverse-Rayleigh distribution model was proved. From this paper, software developers have to consider the growth model by prior knowledge of the software to identify failure modes which can helped.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.646-654
• /
• 2002

The human sense of touch provides us with an important source of information about our surroundings. Because of its unique position at interface between our bodies and the out world, touch sensation supplies sensory data which helps us manipulate and recognize objects and warn of harmful situation. But tactile sensation was recognized less important than visual sense and auditory sense but it plays an important immersing role in virtual reality and computer game. Tactile sensation can be used to influence to objects according to power and supplied sensory feedback to the player in a virtual environment. This paper investigated the characteristics of tactile sensation of human being and proposed method of sturdy using force sensing sensor, simple force modeling and data structure form for virtual reality and computer game. As a result, force distribution, depth, center point can be calculated using sensor output and this information is very effective to specific position for actions and reactions. This study can used as basic information for tactile sensation and it's application in computer game and virtual realty.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.131-151
• /
• 2009

Natural interface is important to select and provide the services in ubiquitous smart space such as u-plant, u-distribution. Augmented Reality(AR) has recently begun to receive attention as a realization tool for natural interface. AR provides virtual object on real environment and it differs from virtual reality. When AR is used, it has advantage to provide information intuitively and collaboratively. However AR is rarely used in e-commerce domain of ubiquitous smart space, and it has limitation which predefined information and services provide in a static manner. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a methodology of AR based e-commerce which provides personalized association service by considering user's dynamic context. To do so, association algorithm is developed based on Rescorla-Wagner model and Galton's free association test.