• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.762-768
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• 2019

Doellingeria scabra Thunb. (syn. Aster scaber Thunb.), a perennial herb in the family Asteraceae, is frequently found in the wild mountain regions of Korea. This aim of this work was to measure the characteristics of patchiness of D. scabra in a local population on Mt. Maebong in Taeback-ci, Gangwon-do. The spatial distribution pattern of this species was estimated by analyzing ecological data by methods including the index of dispersion, Lloyd's mean crowding, and Morisita's index. The mean population density of the D. scabra population was 2.94. The D. scabra individuals were uniformly or randomly distributed in small-scale plots and were aggregately distributed in two large-scale plots ($16{\times}32m^2$ and $32{\times}32m^2$). The mean crowding ($M^*$) was 0.916. The mean patchiness index (PAI) was 0.796. Morisita's coefficient tended to decrease the density of the population as the plot size increased. The expected value of Eberhardt's index ($I_E$) in the local population was 2.623. Moran's I of D. scabra significantly differed from the expected value in 6 of 8 cases (75.0%). The first five classes were positive, with four showing statistical significance, indicating similarity among individuals in the first four distance classes (I-IV, 8 m), The results presented here could provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of D. scabra (Korean: chamchwi) and for the rehabilitation and sustainable management of forest ecosystems on Mt. Maebong, as well as on other mountains.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.433-438
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• 2019

The medical institutions use radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes to diagnose and treat patients. The patient transporter performs work in an environment that is more likely to be exposed to radiation when compared with the general public, such as inevitably entering the radiation management area for patient transfer, or transferring the isotope-administered patient at a short distance. For this reason, we conducted a study to determine the degree of exposure of the patient transporter. The 12 patient transporters working at Incheon A General Hospital are eligible. From April 1, 2019 to April 30, 2019, the dosimeter was used in the chest for one month and the accumulated dose was measured. The dosimeter used was a Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry (OSLD) and the dose reading was OSLD Microstar Reading System. As a result of cumulative dose measurement for one month, the average of the deep dose was 0.13 mSv and the surface dose was 0.13 mSv, and the cumulative dose for one month was multiplied by 12 to estimate the cumulative dose expectation As a result, the average of the deep dose and the surface dose were 1.52 mSv and 1.51 mSv, respectively. It is necessary to classify the patient transporter as a frequent visitor in order to measure and manage the exposure dose, increase the knowledge of protection against radiation through education and training, and prevent radiation trouble through medical examination.

• Maritime Security
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.311-343
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• 2020

Because of the global warming, the Arctic Ocean is expected to be ice-free by the year 2035. When the Arctic Ocean will be opened, a number of national interests will become more salient as experiencing a shortened sailing distance and decreasing navigation expense, possibility of natural resources transport by sea from Arctic Circle, and indirect-profit making by building a herb port in Asia. To secure the national interests and support the free activities of people in this region, R.O.K government is trying to make advanced policies. In order to carry out the naval tasks in the Arctic Ocean, using the operational characteristics(mobility, flexibility, sustainability, presence of capabilities, projection) is necessary. To this end, ROK Navy should analyze the operational environment (O.E.) by its capability(weakness and strength), opportunity, and threat. R.O.K. Navy should make an effort over the following issues to implement the tasks in the Arctic Ocean: first, Navy needs to map out her own plan (Roadmap) under the direction of government policies and makes crews participate in the education·training programs in home and abroad for future polar experts. Third, to develop the forces and materials for the tasks in cold, far operations area, Navy should use domestic well-experienced shipbuilding skills and techniques of the fourth industrial revolution. Next, improving the combined operations capabilities and military trust with other countries in the Arctic region to cover the large area with lack of forces' number and to resolve the ports of call issues. Lastly, preparation in advance to execute a variety of missions against military and non-traditional threats such as epidemics, HA/DR, SOLAS, in the future operation area is required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.653-662
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• 2021

This is a thesis about the whole process of cooperative study for the project, 'Jeju Tamranun idea' which produced by Capstone Design Class in communication design Dept, Hongik University. The purpose of this thesis is to know the primary educational goal and essence of capstone design class and to find the enhancement plan for the local design industry. The exhibitional project, 'Jeju Tamranun idea' was operated three times by hongik university with the company based on Jeju from 2017 to 2019. After the research, There are three positive effects of this project which are the new social function of the discarded assignments, the improvement of educational standard through the autonomous competition, and the growth of students' social consciousness in the process of considering local industries. And there are several points to be reviewed for a better capstone design class with local design industries. It is necessary to utilize the untact system for solving distance issues. And also, absolute evaluations, giving equal reward, and copyright protection are needed. Lastly, the continuous development of the curriculum to improve local design industries is needed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.165-175
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• 2022

The objective of this study is to identify the relationships among app attribution(perceived usefulness, design, information quality, and mobility), user satisfaction, trust, and continuous use intention of bus information apps; The structural equation of AMOS 21.0 was used to test the hypothesis of this study. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, perceived usefulness, design, information quality, and mobility positively impact user satisfaction. Second, only mobility has a positive effect on trust, but the remaining perceived usefulness, design, and information quality have no effect at the significance level of 5%. Third, user satisfaction has a positive impact on trust and continuous use intention. Fourth, trust has a positive impact on continuous use intention. Therefore, it was confirmed that the characteristics of the bus information mobile app are important influencing factors for the improvement of user satisfaction, trust, and continuous use intention. Local governments and bus companies will be able to establish strategic directions for the activation of bus information mobile apps. The limitation of this study is that it is somewhat lacking in generalizing the study results, so future research needs to focus on improving this part.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.445-459
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• 2022

This study presented a plan to improve the life satisfaction and leisure status of the elderly in the With COVID-19 era, and the life satisfaction of the elderly. For this purpose, we investigated life satisfaction and leisure life for 107 senior citizens at the Gyeonggi Senior Welfare Center, and the following results were obtained. First, it can be seen that overall life satisfaction was relatively lower after Corona than before. Second, in the correlation between leisure activity and life satisfaction, there was no significant correlation between the level of leisure activity and life satisfaction before Corona, and a significant positive correlation was found between the level of leisure activity and life satisfaction after Corona. seemed If alternative measures are proposed according to these results, first, it is necessary to seek ways to improve and manage the environment for the elderly in the with Corona era in the local community. In particular, in order to reduce the adaptation gap among the elderly due to the many changes in digital technology, institutions related to the elderly are providing education on how to use smartphones and kiosks, but it needs to be expanded as a community-wide measure. Second, a systematic system for health care for the elderly in the era of With Corona must be provided. Third, the old-age income security system and support are required so that the minimum living security is guaranteed for the elderly who are experiencing economic difficulties due to the corona virus. Fourth, it is necessary to revitalize programs related to talking to the elderly and counseling for the improvement of relationships and location satisfaction due to social distance and relationship atrophy due to Corona.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.908-917
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• 2022

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of systemic immunity that prevents secondary infections of distal uninfected parts of plants by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR is mediated by several SAR-inducing chemicals or mobile signals that accumulate after pathogen infection. Several chemicals that move systemically have already been identified as SAR-inducing factors, despite the fact that the early mobile signal remains unclear. These chemicals can be transported into either the apoplastic or symplastic compartments. Many of the chemicals associated with SAR remain unknown in terms of their transport routes. There is recent evidence that azelaic acid (AzA) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) are transported via plasmodesmata (PD) channels, which regulate the symplastic route. In contrast, salicylic acid (SA) is preferentially transported from pathogen-infected to uninfected parts via the apoplast. The pH gradient and SA deprotonation lead to apoplastic accumulation of SA before it accumulates in the cytosol. Moreover, there is evidence that the mobility of SA over a long distance is crucial for SAR and that the partitioning of SA into the symplast and cuticles is controlled by transpiration. Further research has shown that a portion of the total SA in leaves is partitioned into cuticular waxes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of SAR-inducing chemicals and the regulation of transport in SAR.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.148-160
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• 2023

The Pliny Letter, the first historical record of volcanic eruptions and disasters on Earth, was studied to better understand the Vesuvius' eruption patterns in 79 AD. The two-day eruption, which began at 1 a.m. on August 24th 79 AD, produced large amounts of volcanic ash and pumice, which were carried by the wind and fell on nearby cities. Furthermore, during the eruption, fast-moving pyroclastic flows flowed down the volcano's sides, and several phenomena such as earthquakes and tsunamis occurred. Cities near Mount Vesuvius were buried and destroyed by volcanic ash and pyroclastic flows. Previous studies were collected, analyzed, and investigated and the scope of damage was chosen from Pompeii, Herculaneum, Stabiae, and Oplontis. The sedimentary stratigraphy and thickness vary according to location and distance from Vesuvius in each region. Within the depositional layers, the remains of residents who died during the eruption were also discovered, and 1,150 remains have been discovered in Pompeii, 306 in Herculaneum, 111 in Stabiae, and 54 in Oplontis, but the exact number of people who killed is unknown. The eruption that exhibited the pattern seen in AD 79 was named the Plinian eruption after Pliny and classified as a new type of eruption as a result of Pliny's detailed description of the eruption.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2016

The family Pristiophoridae belonging to the order Pristiophoriformes consists of about 8 species and 2 genera in the world. Among them, only one species (Pristiophorus japonicus) is distributed in northwestern Pacific. The family is characterized by having an elongated and flattened rostrum with laterally projecting a low of sharp teeth. In order to clarify variability of local populations of P. japonicus, we investigated 16 individuals collected from four locations (Korea, n=6; Miyagi, n=1; Kochi Pref., n=1; Okinawa, n=8) for morphological and molecular analyses. Morphological analysis showed that there may exist three morphotypes, of which A morphotype (Korea, Miyagi, Kochi Pref.) has a short snout (26.8% of TL), being most similar to syntypes of P. japonicus. On the other hand, B morphotype (Okinawa) has a long (31.7% of TL) and wider snout (snout width at nostrils 5.2 times pre-oral length) and, C morphotype (Okinawa) has a long (31.7% of TL) and narrower snout (6.3 times). Molecular analysis using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b DNA sequences (386 base pairs) showed that the K2P distance between A and C morphotypes were 2.1~2.7%, but those within A morphotype were 0.0~0.5%. We identified A morphotype as P. japonicus, and designated B and C morphotypes as Pristiophorus sp. 1 and Pristiophorus sp. 2, respectively. Further studies are required to elucidate the taxonomic status of two morphotypes of the sawshark in Okinawa.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.303-314
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• 2023

Voice conversion, a technology that allows an individual's speech data to be regenerated with the acoustic properties(tone, cadence, gender) of another, has countless applications in education, communication, and entertainment. This paper proposes an approach based on the StarGAN-VC model that generates realistic-sounding speech without requiring parallel utterances. To overcome the constraints of the existing StarGAN-VC model that utilizes one-hot vectors of original and target speaker information, this paper extracts feature vectors of target speakers using a pre-trained version of Rawnet3. This results in a latent space where voice conversion can be performed without direct speaker-to-speaker mappings, enabling an any-to-any structure. In addition to the loss terms used in the original StarGAN-VC model, Wasserstein distance is used as a loss term to ensure that generated voice segments match the acoustic properties of the target voice. Two Time-Scale Update Rule (TTUR) is also used to facilitate stable training. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms previous methods, including the StarGAN-VC network on which it was based.