• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Communications for mobile sink groups such as rescue teams or platoons bring about a new challenging issue for handling mobility in wireless sensor networks. To do this, many studies have been proposed to support mobile sink groups. When closely looking at mobile sink groups, they can be divided into (multiple) small groups according to the property of applications. For example, a platoon can be divided into multiple squads to carry out its mission in the battle field. However, the previous studies cannot efficiently support the division of mobile sink groups because they do not address three challenging issues engendered by the mobile sink group division. The first issue is to select a leader sink for a new small mobile sink group. The efficient data delivery from a source to small mobile sink groups is the second issue. Last, the third issue is to share data between leader sinks of small mobile sink groups. Thus, this paper proposes a routing protocol to efficiently support the division of mobile sink groups by solving the three challenging issues. For the first issue, the proposed protocol selects a leader sink of a new small mobile sink group which provide a minimum summation of the distance between the new leader sink and the previous leader sink and the distance from the new leader sink to all of its member sinks. For the efficient data delivery from a source to small mobile sink groups in the second issue, the proposed protocol determines the path to minimize the data dissemination distance from source to small mobile sink group by calculating with the location information of both the source and the leader sinks. With regard to the third issue, the proposed protocol exploits member sinks located among leader sinks to provide efficient data sharing among leaders sinks by considering the location information of member sinks. Simulation results verified that the proposed protocol is superior to the previous protocol in terms of the energy consumption.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.5
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• pp.383-390
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• 2008

The mobile sink is most suitable to guarantee the real time processing to events in ubiquitous environment. However it brings many challenges to wireless sensor networks. In particular, the question of how to transfer the collected data to the mobile sink is an important topic in the aspect of effective management of wireless sensor nodes. In this paper, a new data dissemination model is proposed. Since this method uses the home agent and the access node concepts, it provides reliable and efficient data delivery to mobile sink with minimum overhead. In this proposed method, the information of the mobile sink which is constantly moving is informed only to the home agent node and the access node, instead of all sensor nodes. Thus, the collected data from sensor nodes are transferred to the fixed home agent and it sends these data to the mobile sink. Since the confliction phenomenon between data packets in wireless networks could be reduced, the success ratio of data arriving in the mobile sink is highly enhanced. In our experiments, the proposed method reduces the number of broadcast packets so that it saves the amount of energy consumed for transmitting and receiving the data packets. This effect contributes to prolong the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks operated by batteries.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2011

In IP-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs), it might be necessary to distribute application updates to the sensor nodes in order to fix bugs or add new functionality. However, physical access to nodes is in many cases extremely limited following deployment. Therefore, network reprogramming protocols have recently emerged as a way to distribute application updates without requiring physical access to sensor nodes. In order to solve the network reprogramming problem over the air interface, this thesis presents a new scheme for new update code propagation using fragmentation scheme and network coding. The proposed code propagation method roughly shows reduced performance improvement in terms of the number of data exchange compared with the previously proposed pipelining scheme. Further, It is shows enhanced reliability for update code propagation and reduced overhead in terms of the number of data exchange. As a result, we can efficiently perform the software update from the viewpoint of speed, energy, and network congestion when the proposed code propagation system is applied. In addition, the proposed system solves overhearing problems of network coding such as the loss of original messages and decoding error using the predefined message. Therefore, our system allows a software update system to exchange reliable data in wireless sensor networks.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.169-171
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• 2017

Background: Many stroke patients receive traditional medical care in Korea and China. Stroke patients comprise the largest proportion of inpatients in traditional Korean medicine and traditional Chinese medicine hospitals. The purpose of this study is to identify the types and effects of Chinese medicine widely used in China and Korea, and to apply them to future studies of stroke. Methods: Nine Korean and Chinese databases will be surveyed for clinical studies of herbal medicines for stroke, published between the inception of the database and August 2017. Clinical studies of decoctions or modified decoctions will be included without restriction on study type. The frequencies and patterns of formulas or single herb usage and the any type of herbal medicine utilization will be analyzed. Dissemination: The results of the systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated electronically and in print. Updates of the review will be conducted to inform and guide healthcare practices.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.321-325
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• 2008

Void areas(holes) as an inevitable phenomenon exist in geographic routing of wireless sensor networks, because the unpredictable and harsh nature application environment or uneven energy consumption. Most of the existing schemes for the issue tend to construct a static detour path to bypass a hole. The static detour path may lead to uneven energy consumption of the nodes on the perimeter of the hole; thus it may enlarge the hole. At the same time, traffic would concentrate on the peripheral node of the hole; thus the nodes on the perimeter of the hole tend to be depleted quietly. In previous work, we have proposed a hole geometric model to reduce the energy consumption and packet collisions of the nodes on the hole boundary. This scheme, however, still has the static detour path problem. Therefore, we extend the previous work by constructing a dynamic detour path hole geometric model for wireless sensor networks in this paper. The location of hole detour anchors is dynamically shifted according to Gaussian function, just generating dynamic hole detour paths.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.12-31
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop the qualification system for training of Quality improvement professionals who work for improving patients' safety and healthcare quality. Methods : Based on the various laws and regulations, and the operational status of other professionals' qualification systems, a basic plan of professional qualification system of QI was drawn. And through meetings with QI experts, the final scheme of the concrete qualification system was developed. Results : For management of professionals's certification or qualification, fairness and reliability are important. To do this, setting the official standard, providing a standardized training program and having appropriate qualification test are required. In order to operate the qualification system strategically, 1) the introduction step, 2) dissemination and expansion step, and 3) fusing step should be considered. As a governing body for QI specialists' qualification, 'QI professionals' qualification Center (tentative)' must have the committee to assure fairness, professionalism, and reliability. In addition, 'QI Experts Certification Department (tentative)" to develop standards for the qualification tests and conduct the tests program,' QI experts Education Department (tentative name)" must be able to operate and maintain the QI training for professional qualifications. QI professional qualification exam must be taken by everyone regardless of age, gender, race, occupation, education, and work experience. The examination should include management, leadership, strategic planning and design, quality management, health care information, patient safety culture. Practical training courses can have three step programs; beginning, intermediate and special level. Conclusion : The QI qualification system need strategic approaches for the experts working for healthcare quality improvement and patient safety. It should include the program of standardized contents and test, and operating protocol of the qualificaton system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10d
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• pp.240-243
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• 2007

Geographic routing has been considered as an efficient simple, and scalable routing protocol for wireless sensor networks since it exploits pure location information instead of global topology information to route data packets. Geographic routing requires the sources nodes to be aware of the location of the sinks. In this paper, we propose a scheme named Sink Location Service for geographic routing in wireless Sensor Networks, in which the source nodes can get and update the location of sinks with low overhead. In this scheme, a source and a sink send data announcement and query messages along two paths respectively by geographic routing. The node located on the crossing point of the two paths informs the source about the location of the sink. Then the source can send data packet to the sink by geographic routing. How to guarantee that these two paths have at least one crossing point in any irregular profile of sensor network is the challenge of this paper.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.161-168
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• 2019

Recently, the development and dissemination of electric vehicles is increasing as a solution for carbon and emission reduction. In Korea, the supply of electric vehicles and the expansion of chargers are increasing rapidly every year under the supervision of the Ministry of Environment. In this paper, we study the portable smart test technology which enables quick check of charge related to faults in both electric car and charger to solve the problem of failure which is inevitable in the diffusion of electric car charger. To verify the normal operation of the communication protocol between the electric car and the charger, a hardware module and software were constructed, and a portable tester based on the international standard considering the V2G technology was developed and evaluated.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.448-468
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to understand the trends and issues of health-related intervention research using Intervention Mapping over the last ten years in South Korea. Intervention Mapping is a representative planning protocol to develop theory-and-evidence-based health promotion programs. Methods: The scoping review method was undertaken, and a total of 20 studies were analyzed using Intervention Mapping six steps. Results: The Korean health-related intervention studies using Intervention Mapping showed low methodological quality. In step 1, only 7 out of 20 studies organized a planning group consisting of various stakeholders. In step 2, about half of the studies did not present a matrix, which is the core essential component of Intervention Mapping. In step 5, only 1 out of 20 studies presented program adopters and maintainers. In step 6, most studies described effect evaluation relatively, but only one study mentioned process evaluation. Conclusions: In order to develop sustainable and cost-effective programs, systematic planning using Intervention Mapping is required from the research planning stage. In addition, a concrete and realistic plan needs to be established for the development of programs and adoption, dissemination and maintenance of programs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.254-257
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• 2011

IP기반 무선 센서네트워크 기술은 센서노드를 인터넷망과 연동하여 다양한 정보를 수집/관리할 수 있음에도 불구하고 주로 제한된 환경에 설치되기 때문에 노드의 오작동이나 성능 개선이 필요한 경우 인위적인 소프트웨어 업데이트 및 업데이트된 노드의 상태를 파악하고 관리할 필요성이 있다. 소프트웨어 업데이트를 위해 필요한 코드 전파 기법은 매우 중요한 기술 중 하나로서, 본 논문에서는 6LoWPAN 프로토콜에서 제공하는 단편 패킷 전송 기법에 네트워크 코딩 기법을 적용한 새로운 업데이트 코드 전파 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 기존 단편 패킷 전송방식과 비교하여 패킷 전송의 횟수가 감소되었을 뿐만 아니라, 업데이트 코드 전파를 위한 신뢰성 보장, 전체 네트워크에서 전송에 따른 오버헤드 감소 효과를 보인다. 따라서 본 논문에서 제안한 6LoWPAN 프로토콜상에서 코드업데이트 전파 기법을 적용할 경우 속도, 에너지, 네트워크 혼잡도 측면에서 효율적인 업데이트를 수행할 수 있다. 뿐만 아니라 네트워크 코딩의 overhearing 문제점인 원본 데이터의 분실이나 데이터 미 수신시 발생하는 디코딩문제를 미리 정의된 메시지를 이용, 방지함으로써 신뢰성 있는 데이터 전송이 가능하다.