• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2022

Flavonoids are known to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Their pharmacological activities have been proved using various in vitro and in vivo models. Although their action spectrum and potencies are not adequate to alleviate acute inflammatory disorders, they have the potential to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent investigations have revealed that inflammatory processes are involved in many disease processes and conditions. Some examples are skin disorders, cartilage diseases, metabolic inflammatory diseases, and aging. The effects of flavonoids on these disorders have been examined. Several possible application areas for flavonoids have been studied. Local treatment of these disorders with flavonoids is favorable to avoid systemic transformation. In this review, the findings based on the experimental results from my laboratory are summarized and the future possibility of using flavonoids clinically is discussed.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2004

Objective : This study was to review on the prostate disease-related studies with Acupuncture therapy in renowned medical internet site of PubMed, and to make master plan of the study, especially, on Bee Venom Acupuncture(BVA) of Prostate disease and then to devise the idealistic therapeutic ways of it. Method : We made the internet search with the key words of bee venom(bee venom therapy, apitoxin, apitherapy, bee sting, bee sting therapy), acupuncture, prostate, prostatitis, prostrate cancer in Pubmed, from June 1st to July 1st,2004. Results : 1.25 papers were found in 19 publised jounals. of which two named'Urology'and Prostate' had three papars, two called 'JUrology' and 'Cancer Immunol Immunother' had two papers, and the others had a paper respectively. 2. In the classification by papers' types, Review papers were 8 and Original were 17 where there were 5 clinical trials, 11 experimental studies and 1 epidemiologic paper. Of 5 clinical trials, 2 belonged to Randomized Control Study, and of 11 experimental studies, 4 belonged to in vitro and 7 belonged to in vivo with in viro studies, and 1 epidemeologic belonged to meta-analysis. 3. In the classification by prostate diseases, 4 were about prostatitis, 3 were about prostate related symptoms, 16 were about prostate cancer, and two were about the others. 4. In the classification by applied treatment methods, 5 were related with Acupuncture, 10 were related with BVA(Bee Venom, Bee), and 10 were related with the others. Of 5 related with Acupuncture, 3 used general acupuncture, 1 used electrical acupuncture, and 1 used general acupuncture and electrical acupuncture at the same time. 5. In 2 RCTs of Clinical trials, Control group was set up to the group using different compatible treatment method or using meridians not related with treating prostate disease. Single or double blind methods couldn't be found. 6. In the clinical trials, IPSS, NIH, CPSI or subjective global assessment were used as the Index of Evaluation. 7. The Leg Greater Yang Bladder Meridian(B), The Leg Lesser Um Kidney Meridian(K) and Conception Vessel Meridian(CV) were used as major meridians, and B10(Taejo, Dazhu), B23(Shinsu, Shenshu), B28(Panggwangsu, Pangguangshu), B35(Hoeyang, Huiyang), B39(Wiyang, Weiyang), B40(Wijung, Weizhong), B54(chilbyon, Zhibian), K1(Yongchon, Yongquan), K10(Umgok, Yingu), CV3(Chungguk, Zhongji), CV4(Kwanwon, Guanyuan),S6(Hyopko, Jiache) were used as acupoints. Electrical acupuncture(EA) was considered to be more important and CV3(Chungguk, Zhongji), CV4(Kwanwon, Guanyuan) were mainly selected as EA applied acupoints. 8. It is mostly said that Acupuncture appeared to be a safe, effective, and durable treatment alternative in improving symptoms of patients with prostate diseases, refractory to conventional medicine. A larger controlled study was required to confirm these encouraging initial results. Conclusion : Papers about BVA of Prostate cancer or Prostatitis were not found, and low permeability of Prostate is concerned, BVA with the anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effect can be adopted as a new alternatives of Prostate disease treatment, so it is thought that Study of how to make access to prostate, animal experiment including in vivo and in vitro and more clinical trials with using acupoints on related meridian should be followed.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.227-239
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop a standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy. In this study, the processes and categories derived through literature search related to the Emotion To Emotion treatments, were revised and supplemented by the expert FGI (Focus Group Interview). Afterwards, the expert Delphi was conducted, to develop a standard manual for the disease types, purpose, and method of Emotion To Emotion therapy. Methods: In this study, literature analysis and expert Delphi, as a quantitative research method, were conducted, and the expert Focus Group Interview (FGI) was conducted as a qualitative study. The manual was completed by leading the consensus, on the standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy. After that, a clinical expert Delphi was conducted to test the reliability as well as validity of the manual, through quantitative consensus on the manual of the Emotion To Emotion therapy. Results: First, as a result of literature studies, to date, studies related to Emotion To Emotion therapy have been qualitatively and quantitatively limited, as comparative literature related to clinical cases. Second, through expert FGI, the manual was structured with eight sub-factors for the indication diagnosis, six sub-factors for the implementation method, and 13 detailed factors. Third, through an expert Delphi, the consensus did the factor of indication, implementation methods, and implementation process, and developed a standardization manual for Emotion To Emotion therapy ver 1.0. Conclusions: Through literature analysis, expert FGI, and expert Delphi, the Emotion To Emotion therapy standardization manual ver 1.0 was completed, and will proceed with the revision and improvement report.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.256-264
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• 2022

Ischemic stroke is caused by an occlusion by a thrombus or embolus in a cerebral artery, preventing oxygenated blood from reaching the brain and causing the necrosis of nerve cells. This paper summarizes the serum candidate markers associated with cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) disease that enable an early diagnosis of ischemic stroke studied thus far and compares the odds ratio (OR) of each marker. This study examined the effect size of these serum candidate markers using meta-analysis techniques. The academic database search screening for articles containing the keywords "cardiovascular disease," "atrial fibrillation," "ischemic stroke," and "serum marker" was limited to results for patients with ischemic stroke. The most derived markers in this study were N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the rest being investigated individually. In conclusion, NT-pro-BNP appears to be very useful for the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke. Primarily, it is a marker of AF, and more AF markers will be uncovered and studied in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.116-124
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate Ryodoraku diagnosis and evaluation of low back pain reported in Korean, Japanese, Chinese and English. Methods: Using web search on five Korean databases, two Japanese, one Chinese and one English, we selected studies on Ryodoraku diagnosis and evaluation of low back pain. Results: Our initial search returned 26 Korean studies, 17 Japanese, 2 Chinese and 1 English. From them, we found 14 studies suitable for the purpose of this study. In general low back pain, studies showed that F4 (bladder) was the most frequently suggested abnormal Ryodoraku. In specific low back pain, Ryodoraku had no recognizable relation to disease-specific low back pain, but abnormal Ryodoraku of F2 (liver) and F5 (gall bladder) was frequently observed. More foot Ryodoraku showed abnormal than hand Ryodoraku. Conclusions: The diagnostic values of Ryodoraku for F2 (liver), F4 (bladder), H5 (triple energizer), F3 (kidney), and F5 (gall bladder) can be good diagnostic references, and future studies should be conducted on the aspect of differentiation of symptoms and signs.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.48-60
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• 2011

Purpose: The number of people using the internet to meet their health information needs is growing. However, little is known about the characteristics of the senior internet health information seeker. The purpose of this study was to identify the socio-demographic and health-related characteristics, as well as the internet health information seeking behaviors and attitudes in the elderly. Method: Data was collected from 385 elderly subjects(aged 55 years or older) and living in Seoul and Gyeonggi. We used questionnaires developed by researchers in this study. Data was analyzed using the following methods: descriptive statistics, t-test, $X^2$-test and Fisher's exact test. All statistical tests were performed using the SAS version 9.13. Results: The elderly using the internet to seek health information had relatively good subjective health and were living with a spouse. In general, the purpose of internet use was to search for information, and mainly used at home. The search in the disease management area was higher than the frequency of searches for health promotion. The elderly showed a generally positive attitude regarding health information. Conclusion: It is needed to increase the use of the Internet for finding health information and promote accessibility for internet health information in the elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2010

Background & Objectives: Current trend is that funding agencies require investigators to share their data with others. However, there is limited guidance how to access and utilize the shared data. We sought to determine what common data sharing practices in U.S.A. are, what data-related to adolescent health are freely available, and how we deal with the large dataset adopting the complex study design. Methods: The study included only research data-related to adolescent health which was collected in USA and unlimitedly accessible through the internet. Only the raw data, not aggregated, was considered for the study. Major keywords for web search were "adolescent", "children", "health", and "school". Results: Current approaches for public health data sharing lacked of common standards and varied largely due to the data's complex nature, large size, local expertise and internal procedures. Some common data sharing practices are unlimited access, formal screened access, restricted access, and informal exclusive access. The Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention were the best data depository. "Data on the net" was search engine for the website providing data freely available. Six datasets related to adolescent health freely available were identified. The importance and methods of incorporating complex research design into analysis was discussed. Conclusion: There have been various attempts to standardize process for open access and open data using the information technology concept. However, it may not be easy for researchers to adapt themselves to this high technology. Therefore, guidance provided by this study may help researchers enhance the accessibility to and the utilization of the open source data.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2016

Objectives: This study introduces the history and types of Korean pharmacopuncture and reports trends of research on Korean pharmacopuncture. Methods: Pharmacopuncture studies were searched from the first year of each search engine to 2014 by using seven domestic and foreign search databases. Selected studies were divided into the history of pharmacopuncture, kinds and features of pharmacopuncture, research types, and experimental and clinic studies and were then classified by year of publication, type of pharmacopuncture, disease, and topic. Results: Pharmacopuncture can be classified into four large groups: meridian field pharmacopuncture (MFP), eight-principles pharmacopuncture (EPP), animal-based pharmacopuncture (ABP) and mountain-ginseng pharmacopuncture, which is a single-compound pharmacopuncture (SCP). The largest numbers of studies were reported from 1997 to 2006, after which the numbers decreased until 2014. Of experimental studies, 51.9%, 18.7%. 14.3%, 9% and 3.4% were on SCP, ABP, MFP, formula pharmacopuncture (FP), and EPP, respectively. Of clinical studies, 54.7%, 15.3%. 14.9% 10.0% and 1.5% were on ABP, MFP, EPP, SCP, and FP (1.5%), respectively. Among clinical studies, case reports and case series accounted for 76.5%, followed by randomized controlled trials (RCTs, 16.4%) and non-RCT (13.9%). Musculoskeletal diseases, toxicity and safety tests, anti-cancer effects, and nervous system diseases were mainly treated in experimental studies while musculoskeletal diseases, nervous system diseases, toxicity and safety tests, and autonomic nerve function tests were addressed in clinical studies. Bee venom (BV) was the most frequently-used pharmacopuncture in mechanism studies. Pharmacopuncture was mainly used to treat musculoskeletal diseases. Conclusion: Pharmacopuncture and studies of it have made great progress in Korea. Studies on BV pharmacopuncture and musculoskeletal diseases accounted for most of the studies reported during the review period. Research on the types of pharmacopuncture and diseases has to be expanded. Especially, studies on the use of MFP and EPP for treating patients with various diseases are needed.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.41
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• pp.3.1-3.9
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• 2019

Background: The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is an anatomical lateral skull base space composed by the zygoma, temporal, and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Due to its difficult approach, surgical intervention at the ITF has remained a heavy burden to surgeons. The aim of this article is to review basic skull base approaches and ITF structures and to avoid severe complications based on the accurate surgical knowledge. Methods: A search of the recent literature using MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and other online tools was executed using the following keyword combinations: infratemporal fossa, subtemporal fossa, transzygomatic approach, orbitozygomatic approach, transmaxillary approach, facial translocation approach, midface degloving, zygomatico-transmandibular approach, and lateral skull base. Aside from our Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) trial, there have been very few randomized controlled trials. The search data for this review are summarized based on the authors' diverse clinical experiences. Results: We divided our results based on representative skull base approaches and the anatomy of the ITF. Basic approaches to the ITF include endoscopic endonasal, transzygomatic, orbitozygomatic, zygomatico-transmandibular, transmaxillary, facial translocation, and the midfacial degloving approach. The borders and inner structures of the ITF (with basic lateral skull base dissection schemes) are summarized, and the modified zygomatico-transmandibular approach (ZTMA) is described in detail. Conclusions: An anatomical basic knowledge would be required for the appropriate management of the ITF pathology for diverse specialized doctors, including maxillofacial, plastic, and vascular surgeons. The ITF approach, in conjunction with the application of microsurgical techniques and improved perioperative care, has permitted significant advances and successful curative outcomes for patients having malignancy in ITF.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.145-155
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• 2010

In this paper, we suggest a fish drug domain ontology to show an associated information and hierarchy together through concept-relation and inference mechanism instead of keyword matching. First, we investigate competency questions from workers of fishery industry and then we derive concepts and terminologies. Next, we present a process of fish drug ontology modelling using Protege-OWL editor, which is an extension of Protege that supports the Web Ontology Language(OWL). Last, we suggest the user interface of semantic web-based fish drug information system to search easily associated informations of fish drug using this ontology. It is to provide an effective search method that fish disease manager, fish farmer, and students majoring in fisheries can confirm details of diseases, fish, and drug evaluations associated with fish drug within one screen without moving to another position.