• Title/Summary/Keyword: Disease control

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Construction of Luminescence- and Fluorescence-Tagged Burkholderia pseudomallei for Pathogen Tracking in a Mouse Model

  • Shin, Yong-Woo;Park, Deok Bum;Choi, Myung-Min;Chun, Jeong-Hoon;Seong, Baik-Lin;Rhie, Gi-Eun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.498-502
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    • 2018
  • Molecular imaging is a powerful method for tracking various infectious disease-causing pathogens in host organisms. Currently, a dual molecular imaging method that can provide temporal and spatial information on infected hosts at the organism, organ, tissue, and cellular levels simultaneously has not been reported for Burkholderia pseudomallei, a high-risk pathogen that causes melioidosis. In this study, we have established an experimental method that provides spatiotemporal information on infected hosts using luminescent and fluorescent dual-labeled B. pseudomallei. Using this method, we visualized B. pseudomallei infection at the organism, organ, and tissue levels in a BALB/c mouse model by detecting its luminescence and fluorescence. The infection of B. pseudomallei at the cellular level was also visualized by its emitted fluorescence in infected macrophage cells. This method could be an extremely useful and applicable tool to study the pathogenesis of B. pseudomallei-related infectious diseases.

Gait Analysis of Parkinson's Disease Patients (파킨슨 질환 환자의 보행분석)

  • You, Jae-Eung;Choi, Byung-Ok;Jung, Seok
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.569-574
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    • 2005
  • The purposes of this study were to present the basic reference data of age and specipic gait parameters for Parkinson's disease patients. The basic gait parameters were extracted from 20 patients of parkinson's disease and 20 healthy control subjects using VICON 512 Motion Analyzer. The temporal gait parameters and kinematic parameters is data of Parkinson' s Disease Patients. The results were as follows: (1) In patients' group, cadence, walking velocity were less than control group (p<.05). (2) In patients' group, maximum flexion of hip, maximum adduction of hip and maximum flexion of the knee were less than control group (p<.05). (3) In patients' group, maximum varus of the knee were more than control group (p<.05).

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Biological Control of Fusarium Wilt Disease of Pigeonpea

  • Rajesh Singh;B.K. Singh;R.S. Upadhyay;Bharat Rai;Lee, Youn-Su
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.279-283
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    • 2002
  • Biological control of Fusarium udum causing wilt disease of pigeonpea was studied in vitro, as well as, in vivo. Aspergilluspavus, Anergillus niger, Bacilius licheniformis (strain-2042), Gliocladium virens, Peniciliium citrimum, and Trichoderma harzianum, which were found to be the most potent ones in inhibiting the radial colony growth of the test pathogen, were used as biological control by amending their inocula at diffeyent concentrations in pots and in pathogen-infested soil in the fields. Maximum reduction of the wilt disease was observed with G. vireos both in pots and in the fields. The population of E. udum was found to be markedly reduced when the antagonists were applied in the soil. The study establishes that G. virens can be exploited for the biological control of wilt disease at field level.

The National Status of Tuberculosis Using Nationwide Medical Records Survey of Patients with Tuberculosis in Korea

  • Park, Yoon-Sung;Hong, Sung-Jin;Boo, Yoo-Kyung;Hwang, Eun-Suk;Kim, Hyun Jung;Cho, Seung-Hee;Na, Kyung-In;Cho, En-Hi;Shin, Sang-Sook
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.73 no.1
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    • pp.48-55
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    • 2012
  • Background: The epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) has been assessed based on the data of the analysis of TB patients notified to the surveillance system in Korea. However, the national status of TB is not validated through this surveillance system. The objective is to determine the epidemiology of TB and to understand the accurate status of TB patients treated in private institutions. Methods: Medical records of 53,579 patients who had been diagnosed with TB in 2008 were analyzed. Results: Among 53,579 patients, the number of sputum smear positive cases was 15,639(29.2%) and the number of new cases was 39,191 (73.1%). The drug resistance rate of new cases was 5.3%, while the rate stood at 13.3% for TB patients with treatment history. The number of multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients was 2,472 (4.6%), which consists of 2.9% of new cases and 9.3% of TB patients with prior treatment history. The number of extensively drug-resistant TB patients was 749 (1.4%), consisting of 1.1% of new cases and 2.2% of TB patients with prior treatment history. In terms of treatment outcomes, 66.4% of all TB patients, 70.5% of new cases, 64.4% of relapse cases, and 46.8% of MDR-TB cases were cured or completed. It was inferred that in 2008, the total number of TB patients reached 70,767, 145.6 per 100,000 people (95% confidence interval, 145.5~145.7). Conclusion: We conclude that the medical records review of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) data can be very effective in promoting the understanding of the current status of TB in private institutions.

Characterization of Antibacterial Strains against Kiwifruit Bacterial Canker Pathogen

  • Kim, Min-Jung;Chae, Dae-Han;Cho, Gyeongjun;Kim, Da-Ran;Kwak, Youn-Sig
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.35 no.5
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    • pp.473-485
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    • 2019
  • Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is an economically important crop and a bacterial canker disease, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), is the most destructive disease in kiwifruit production. Therefore, prevent and control of the disease is a critical issue in kiwifruit industry worldwide. Unfortunately, there is no reliable control methods have been developed. Recently, interest in disease control using microbial agents is growing. However, kiwifruit microbiota and their roles in the disease control is mainly remaining unknown. In this study, we secured bacterial libraries from kiwifruit ecospheres (rhizosphere, endospere, and phyllosphere) and screened reliable biocontrol strains against Psa. As the results, Streptomyces racemochromogenes W1SF4, Streptomyces sp. W3SF9 and S. parvulus KPB2 were selected as anti-Psa agents from the libraries. The strains showed forcible antibacterial activity as well as exceptional colonization ability on rhizosphere or phyllosphere of kiwifruit. Genome analyses of the strains suggested that the strains may produce several anti-Psa secondary metabolites. Our results will contribute to develop biocontrol strains against the kiwifruit canker pathogen and the disease management strategies.

Outbreak of Cyclosporiasis in Korean Travelers Returning from Nepal

  • Ma, Da-Won;Lee, Myoung-Ro;Ku, Bora;Cho, Shin-Hyeong;Lee, Sang-Eun
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.58 no.5
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    • pp.589-592
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    • 2020
  • Cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan protozoan and is one of the most common pathogens causing chronic diarrhea worldwide. Eight stool samples with diarrheal symptom out of 18 Korean residents who traveled to Nepal were obtained, and examined for 25 enteropathogens including 16 bacterial species, 5 viral species, and 4 protozoans in stool samples as causative agents of water-borne and food-borne disease. Only C. cayetanensis was detected by nested PCR, and 3 PCR-positive samples were sequenced to confirm species identification. However, the oocysts of C. cayetanensis in fecal samples could not be detected by direct microscopy of the stained sample. As far as we know, this is the first report of a group infection with C. cayetanensis from a traveler visiting Nepal, and the second report of a traveler's diarrhea by C. cayetanensis imported in Korea.

A Foodborne Outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Fried Chicken in Republic of Korea

  • Hyeon, Ji-Yeon;Chung, Gyung-Tae;Bing, Sun-Hye;Kwon, Kyung-Sook;Lee, Hyeon-Hee;Kim, Soo-Jin;Jeon, Se-Eun;Kang, Yeon-Ho;Kim, Junyoung
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.85-87
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    • 2013
  • An outbreak of Staphylococcus aureus infections occurred in a university with an enrollment of 80 students in the city of Daejon, Republic of Korea. All nine S. aureus isolates from patients (n = 7), staff members (n = 1), and the fried chicken served as the lunch (n = 1) harbored the enterotoxin A gene and showed an identical antibioticresistant profile, PFGE banding pattern (STAS16.001), and sequence type, ST 6. These results suggested that the outbreak was associated with eating the fried chicken that had been handled by an infected staff member. This case report demonstrated a practical approach to identifying the source and transmission of an infection.

Phylogenetic Characteristics of Yellow Head Virus (YHV) Genotype 8 Isolated from Fenneropenaeus chinensis in Korea (자연산 대하(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)에서 검출된 노랑머리 바이러스 Genotype 8의 계통분류학적 특성)

  • Jang, Gwang Il;Kim, Bo Sung;Oh, Yun Kyeong;Hwang, Jee Youn;Kwon, Mun Gyeong;Kim, Sumi
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.54 no.5
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    • pp.698-702
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    • 2021
  • Yellow head virus (YHV) is a rod-shaped positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, classified into the genus Okavirus, family Roniviridae, and order Nidovirales. In this study, 200 fleshy prawns (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) collected from the vicinity of Narodo in Goheung-gun, Korea, were screened for the presence of yellow head complex viruses and related genotype such as YHV genotype 8. The detection rate of YHV genotype 8 among the 200 fleshy prawns, determined using nested RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reation), was 39.0%. Phylogenetic analysis of the ORF1b gene of YHV showed that eight distinct genetic lineages were detected. The four strains of YHV genotype 8 obtained in this study formed a robust clade with the YHV genotype 8 group that was first isolated from fleshy prawns in China suspected to have acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND).

Treatment with Extracellular Vesicles from Giardia lamblia Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

  • Kim, Hyun Jung;Lee, Young-Ju;Back, Seon-Ok;Cho, Shin-Hyeong;Lee, Hee-Il;Lee, Myoung-Ro
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.60 no.5
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    • pp.309-315
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    • 2022
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent illness of the gastrointestinal tract. Treatment of IBD traditionally involves the use of aminosalicylic acid and steroids, while these drugs has been associated with untoward effects and refractoriness. The absence of effective treatment regimen against IBD has led to the exploration of new targets. Parasites are promising as an alternative therapy for IBD. Recent studies have highlighted the use of parasite-derived substances, such as excretory secretory products, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and exosomes, for the treatment of IBD. In this report, we examined whether EVs secreted by Giardia lamblia could prevent colitis in a mouse model. G. lamblia EVs (GlEVs) were prepared from in vitro cultures of Giardia trophozoites. Clinical signs, microscopic colon tissue inflammation, and cytokine expression levels were detected to assess the effect of GlEV treatment on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental murine colitis. The administration of GlEVs prior to DSS challenge reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta, and interferon gamma. Our results indicate that GlEV can exert preventive effects and possess therapeutic properties against DSS-induced colitis.