• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2003

This study was aimed at analyzing the woman costume presented in the korean modern novel by continuity, mixture, and discontinuity. For the costume analysis, the korean modern novel written from 1910 to 1945 were used. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Continuity: It doesn't mean discontinuity from the past but succession and development of the past, which explains about the costume culture for the period from 1910 to 1919. During this period, people tended to wear korean traditional costume in an effort to maintain their national identity. 2. Mixture: It means the effort to synthesize and develop past, present and future, which explains about the apparel for the period from 1920 to 1937. During this period, western culture was introduced much into korea to be established as part of our people's life. The new generation of women who studied abroad introduced the western costume throughout the cities, while the convenient western costume served to improve korean traditional costume. 3. Discontinuity: It means a conscious departure from the past as well as a critical reaction to the past, which explains about the costume culture for the period from 1938 to 1945. For this period, western costume was popular among new generation of women, while it was more diversified with increasing population wearing them. Many country men and women proceeded to wear the western costume.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.530-537
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• 2007

This paper is concerned with the analysis of plastic deformation of bimetal co-extrusion process. Two sets of material combination have been adopted for analysis, i.e. combinations of Cu/Al and Fe/Al. In the first set of material combination, the selected materials are AA 1100 aluminum alloy as hard material and CDA 110 as soft one. This type of material selection is to examine the effect of hard core and soft sleeve and vice versa on the deformation pattern in terms of plastic zone and velocity discontinuity along the contact surface between construction materials. Four different cases of co-extrusion process in terms of material combination and interference bonding were simulated to investigate the effect of material arrangement between core and sleeve, and of bonding on the plastic zones and velocity discontinuity. In the other set of material combination, model materials used as core and sleeve were AA 1100 and AISI 1010, which are relatively soft and hard, respectively. Process parameters except diameter ratio of core to sleeve material such as semi-die angle, reduction in area in global sense and die comer radius have been set constant throughout the simulation to concentrate our effort on the analysis of influence of diameter ratio on deformation behavior such as deformation zone, surface expansion, exit velocity discontinuity between composite materials, and extrusion forces.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.130-139
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• 2002

In this paper, at first, we investigate existing algorithms for finding the minimum infinity-norm solution of consistent linear equations and then propose a new algorithm. The proposed algorithm is intended to includes the advantages of computational efficiency as well as geometric explicitness. As a practical application example, optimum trajectory planning for redundant robot manipulators is considered. Also, an efficient approach avoiding discontinuity in trajectory is proposed by resolving the non-uniqueness problem of minimum infinity-norm solution. To be specific, the proposed method for checking possible discontinuity does not need any other algorithms in checking the possibility of discontinuity while previous work needs specially designed checking courses. To show the usefulness of the proposed techniques, an example calculating minimum infinity-norm solution for comparing the computational efficiency as well as the trajectory planning for a redundant robot manipulator are included.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.335-342
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• 2001

In this paper, an improved Element-Free Galerkin (EFG) method is proposed by adding enrichment function to the standard EFG approximation and a discontinuity function is implemented in constructing the shape function across the crack surface. In this method, the singularity and the discontinuity of the crack are efficiently modeled by using initial node distribution to evaluate reliable stress intensity factor, though the standard EFG method requires placing additional nodes near the crack tip. The proposed method enables the initial node distribution to be kept without any additional nodal d.o.f. and expresses the asymptotic stress field near the crack tip successfully. Numerical example verifies the improvement and the effectiveness of the method.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2022

Irregularities in the structure are crucial factors in screening structural vulnerability under extreme loadings. Numerical analyses were carried out considering wind and seismic loadings for four structures with discrete irregularity: continuous and discontinuous beams with varied story levels, and L-shaped irregular buildings. Structural responses such as maximum displacements, bending moments, axial forces, torsions, and story drifts are evaluated as per the criteria and limits defined by ACI 318. The outcomes indicate that the frame system with beam discontinuity on the upper half of the height exhibits the best structural performance. The results also indicate that the asymmetrical design of the L-shaped model makes it more susceptible to damage when subjected to strong lateral loading conditions.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.4D
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• pp.609-615
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• 2006

Crack and seat method has been used in United States to prevent reflection cracks of overlay that may be caused by excessive movement at discontinuity of old concrete pavement. This method provide optium space of discontinuity by generating additional discontinuity in old concrete pavement. In this study the effect of various factors on the performance such as IRI and distress at after applying crack and seat method were investigated by using LTPP data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1998.03a
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• pp.329-346
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• 1998

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2012

The maximum unit point resistance ($q_{max}$) of rock socketed drilled shafts subjected to axial loads was investigated by a numerical analysis. A 3D Finite Difference Method (FDM) analysis and a Distinct Element Method (DEM) analysis were performed with varying rock elastic modulus (E), discontinuity spacing ($S_j$), discontinuity dip angle ($i_j$), and pile diameter (D). Based on the results of obtained, it was found that the ultimate point resistance ($q_{max}$) increased as rock elastic modulus (E) and rock discontinuity spacing ($S_j$) increased. But, it was found that $q_{max}$ decreased as pile diameter (D) increased. As for the influence of the dip angle of rock discontinuity ($i_j$), it was shown that $q_{max}$ decreased up to 50% of maximum value within the range of $0^{\circ}$ < $i_j$ < $60^{\circ}$ due to the shear failure at rock discontinuities. Furthermore, it was found that if $20^{\circ}{\leq}i_j{\leq}40^{\circ}$, influence of $i_j$ should be taken into account because $q_{max}$ tended to approach a minimum value as $i_j$ approached a value near the friction angle of the discontinuity (${\phi}_j$).

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.295-307
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• 2000

Probabilistic analysis is a powerful method to quantify variability and uncertainty common in engineering geology fields. In rock slope engineering, the uncertainty and variation may be in the form of scatter in orientations and geometries of discontinuities, and also test results. However, in the deterministic analysis, the factor of safety which is used to ensure stability of rock slopes, is based on the fixed representative values for each parameter without a consideration of the scattering in data. For comparison, in the probabilistic analysis, these discontinuity parameters are considered as random variables, and therefore, the reliability and probability theories are utilized to evaluate the possibility of slope failure. Therefore, in the probabilistic analysis, the factor of safety is considered as a random variable and replaced by the probability of failure to measure the level of slope stability. In this study, the stochastic properties of discontinuity parameters are evaluated and the stability of rock slope is analyzed based on the random properties of discontinuity parameters. Then, the results between the deterministic analysis and the probabilistic analysis are compared and the differences between the two analysis methods are explained.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.478-487
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• 1991

In this study, dynamic stability of discontinuous free Timoshenko beam, barring a concentrated mass, under constant follower force is considered. Governing differential equations are derived based on the extended Hamilton's principle and finite element method is applied for numerical analysis. Conclusions of the study are as follows : (1) Without force direction control, (i) the critical follower force at instability is increased with concentrated mass regardless of discontinuity. (ii) the minimum critical follower force is located in the vicinity of discontinuity position .xi.$_{d}$=0.75. (iii) at mass location .mu. .leq.0.5 the force at instability is decreased as magnitude of concentrated mass is increased but, at .mu. .geq. 0.5 the force is increased as the mass is increased. (2) With force direction control, (i) shear deformation parameter S contributes insignificantly to the force at instability when S>10$^{[-993]}$ (ii) maximum critical follower force can be obtained for the discontinuity location .xi.$_{d}$=0.25. (iii) the critical follower force is increased as magnitude of concentrated mass .alpha. is increased at mass location .mu. .geq.0.4, but is increased, .mu ..leq.0.4.4.