• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2015

Purpose: Although several clinical trials have proven the efficacy of adjuvant S-1 treatment in gastric cancers, it is still unclear which patients receive the most benefit. In this study, we prospectively recruited patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who had undergone curative resection followed by adjuvant S-1 administration to investigate which factors affect the outcomes. Materials and Methods: Between July 2010 and October 2011, we enrolled 49 patients who underwent curative resection for stage II or III gastric cancer and who subsequently received adjuvant S-1 treatment for 1 year. Results: Twenty-nine patients (59.2%) continued S-1 treatment for 1 year, and 12 patients (24.5%) experienced recurrent disease during the follow-up period. Patients with continuation of S-1 for 1 year had significantly increased rates of disease-free survival (P<0.001) and overall survival (P=0.001) relative to the patients who discontinued S-1 during year 1. Multivariate analysis indicated poor outcomes for patients with stage III disease and those who discontinued S-1 treatment. Excluding patients who discontinued S-1 due to cancer progression (n=7), adjuvant treatment with S-1 still demonstrated a significant difference in the disease-free survival rate between the patients who continued treatment and those who discontinued it (P=0.020). Conclusions: S-1 is tolerated as adjuvant treatment in gastric cancer patients. However, discontinuing S-1 treatment may be an unfavorable factor in the prevention of recurrence. S-1 adjuvant treatment should be continued for 1 year if possible through the proper management of toxicities.

• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2011.09a
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• pp.21-24
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• 2011

Oil Tight Bulkhead (O. T. Bulkhead) is one of the most important structural members of oil tankers in the views of vessel's strength and safety. Therefore O.T. bulkhead's strength should be sufficient against relevant loadings, which is normally verified by local scantling requirement and structural strength analysis defined in CSR (Common Structure Rules for Double Hull Oil Tankers). However, there is a weak-able situation when the vertical stiffeners are cut due to the penetration of cargo pipes through O. T. Bulkhead. In addition, CSR does not define how to prove the strength of this case. Therefore it is necessary to verify the structural adequacy in case that several vertical stiffeners are discontinued. This article intends to prove the strength of O. T. Bulkhead with five (5) vertical stiffeners discontinued due to pipes' penetration using the grillage analysis and the finite element analysis and to provide proper reinforcement.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.2 s.24
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• pp.245-250
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• 1988

For the evaluation of change of FVC and $FEV_1$ after discontinuance of bronchodilator in the coal workers' pneumoconiosis patients, 17 pairs of patients were selected. They were matched by the age(${\pm}5$ y.o.) and the type of ventilatory impairment. Pulmonary function was measured 2 times bimonthly before and after the drug discontinuance discontinued after measurement of PFT for 2 times. In case group the bronchodilator was discontinued after measurement of PFT for 2 times. In control group there was no interruption of medication. FVC, $FEV_1$ decreased in both group as measurement progress. Simple linear regression coefficients against the month of measurement were calculated in both group and tested for parallelism between two groups. The results of test revealed that both regression coefficients were parallel. So in conclusively, discontinuance of medication of bronchodilator for coal workers pneumoconiosis patients has no effect on the decreasing rate of FVC, $FEV_1$.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.286-291
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• 2015

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Mesalizine for the first-line therapy of UC has adverse effects include pancreatitis, pneumonia and pericarditis. UC complicated by two coexisting conditions, however, is very rare. Moreover, drug-related pulmonary toxicity is particularly rare. An 11-year-old male patient was hospitalized for recurring upper abdominal pain after meals with vomiting, hematochezia and exertional dyspnea developing at 2 weeks of mesalizine therapy for UC. The serum level of lipase was elevated. Chest X-ray and thorax computed tomography showed interstitial pneumonitis. Mesalizine was discontinued and steroid therapy was initiated. Five days after admission, symptoms were resolved and mesalizine was resumed after a drop in amylase and lipase level. Symptoms returned the following day, however, accompanied by increased the serum levels of amylase and lipase. Mesalizine was discontinued again and recurring symptoms rapidly improved.

• Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.36-43
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• 2021

Objectives: Despite the high discontinuation rate of clozapine in refractory schizophrenia, there is limited evidence regarding the suggested treatment after clozapine discontinuation. Methods: The medical records of 37 patients who discontinued clozapine were retrospectively reviewed. The prescription patterns of antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants were compared at three points before and after clozapine treatment and at the most recent visit. Results: After clozapine discontinuation, 75.6% of the subjects were receiving antipsychotic polypharmacy, and 32.4% were taking more than 3 antipsychotics. The frequently used antipsychotics were olanzapine (21.5%), quetiapine (21.5%), and paliperidone (12.7%). The rates of augmentation with mood stabilizers and antidepressants were 43.2% and 29.7%, respectively. Furthermore, valproate was the most commonly used mood stabilizer (87.5%). Conclusion: Antipsychotic polypharmacy and augmentation are inevitable in schizophrenia patients for whom clozapine has been discontinued. Further research is required to improve the outcomes of polypharmacy and augmentation in schizophrenia patients.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.363-384
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• 2017

The Korean government implemented better support for adolescent single-parent families by expanding the coverage of the Single-parent Family Support Act in 2010. In order to understand the effect, this study verified the moderating effect of the single-parent family policy's support for child rearing in the context of adolescent female single-parent's stress levels and education sustainability. This study utilized part of the National Youth Policy Institute's 'Research on the Actual Condition of the Adolescent Pregnancy, Birth and Rearing Children'. Participants of the study were 248 adolescent single-parents aged 24 and below. The findings and discussion of this study are as follows. First, the stress level of adolescent female single-parent in continuing studies was lower than those for discontinued studies. Students who discontinued their education in the middle of studies showed an increase in life stress level relative to age because they had a low level of education and had discontinued studies before pregnancy. Second, the public nanny service has been verified as an element to increase the continuation of education by controlling the level of stress. It is advisable to fortify and expand the scope of support for childcare services in the form of a study assistant or child education assistant. Last, adolescent single-parent childcare subsidies have been verified as a direct factor that raised the meaningful level of education continuity potential to a meaningful standard that can be seen as a more effective method than general policy support for single-parent families.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.125-127
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• 2015

We report a case of agranulocytosis caused by ethambutol in a 79-year-old man with pulmonary tuberculosis. He was referred for fever and skin rash developed on 21th day after antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide) intake. Complete blood count at the time of diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was normal. On the seventh admission day, agranulocytosis was developed with absolute neutrophil count of $70/{\mu}L$. We discontinued all antituberculosis drugs, and then treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Three days later, the number of white blood cell returned to normal. We administered isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in order with an interval. However, fever and skin rash developed again when adding ethambutol, so we discontinued ethambutol. After these symptoms disappeared, we added rifampicin and ethambutol in order with an interval. However after administering ethambutol, neutropenia developed, so we discontinued ethambutol again. He was cured with isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide for 9 months.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Background and Objectives:This study is to objectively compare and analyze the acoustic changes in the patients with total thyroidectomy before and after RI therapy. Subjects and Methods:For this study, a total of 50 patients with total thyroidectomy were participated as subjects. Voice samples were obtained at the time of post-operation (Post-OP), before high-dose radioactive iodine therapy (Pre-RIT), and after high-dose radioactive iodine therapy (Post-RIT). Acoustic analysis, the maximum phonation time and K-VHI (Korea-Voice handicap index) were used for subjective evaluation. Results:According to the comparison analysis of the three periods, mFo (Hz) was significantly reduced in all of the vowels /a/ and /i/ as the hormone was discontinued. This can be related to the reduction in vocal range. As thyroid hormone was discontinued, Shim (%) and APQ (%) values, which are the parameters related to the degree of aggressiveness, showed a significant increase in the middle vowel /a/. As thyroid hormone was discontinued, emotional index was significantly decreased in VHI (voice handicap index). Conclusion:These results can be assumed that thyroid hormone suspension is related to the increased changes in the vocal intensity, the increase in noise and the reduction in vocal range. Emotionally, these data can be assumed that the responsive factors of one's own voice disorders were significantly decreased in the patients with vocal handicap.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.459-468
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Wheel of Wellness counseling on wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life in community dwelling elderly people. Methods: A parallel, randomized controlled, open label, trial was conducted. Ninety-three elderly people in a senior welfare center were randomly assigned to two groups: 1) A Wheel of Wellness counseling intervention group (n=49) and 2) a no-treatment control group (n=44). Wheel of Wellness counseling consisted of structured, individual counseling based on the Wheel of Wellness model and provided once a week for four weeks. Wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life were assessed pre-and post-test in both groups. Results: Data from 89 participants were analyzed. For participants in the experimental group, there was a significant improvement on all of the wellness-lifestyle subtasks except realistic beliefs. Perceived wellness and depression significantly improved after the in the experimental group (n=43) compared to the control group (n=46) from pre- to post-test in the areas of sense of control (p =.033), nutrition (p =.017), exercise (p =.039), self-care (p <.001), stress management (p =.017), work (p =.011), perceived wellness (p =.019), and depression (p =.031). One participant in the intervention group discontinued the intervention due to hospitalization and three in the control group discontinued the sessions. Conclusions: Wheel of Wellness counseling was beneficial in enhancing wellness for the community-dwelling elderly people. Research into long-term effects of the intervention and health outcomes is recommended.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.29
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• pp.199-220
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• 2008

Hobun(Oyster shell White) is a traditional material used as extender and white pigment from ancient times. The production method of it, however, has been discontinued. We have studied the traditional production method of Hobun by weathering oyster shell, which is one of the traditional ways for preparing Hobun. Reproduction study of manufacturing method of the discontinued traditional material is an important accomplishment of our research. Also this study provides solid background knowledge to stabilize the production and supply of Hobun for the cultural asset repairing materials. The result can be summarized as follows: The production process of Hobun by weathering method takes 5 steps - (1) weathering shells ${\rightarrow}$ (2) washing ${\rightarrow}$ (3) pulverization ${\rightarrow}$ (4) separating fine powder by submerging in water ${\rightarrow}$ (5) drying. The major aim in step (1) is to eliminate organic impurities. In the step (4), the fine particles smaller than $25{\mu}m$ are separated by extracting the supernatant from stirred suspension after heavy particles are submerged. Also, the soluble inorganic impurities can be eliminated through the powder submerge in 15 times water and stirring the suspension 6 hours and changing the water 3~4 times. The final products have high quality with 94.03, 0.52, 2.05 for L, a, b, less than $25{\mu}m$ particle size, fine resistance for discoloration by light and environmental pollution and good workability.