• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

공공공사의 물가변동률 산정방식은 지수조정과 품목조정 방식이 있으며, 관련법규에서는 품목조정방법을 원칙으로 삼고 있으나 대다수의 건설현장에서는 지수조정의 방법으로 계약금액조정이 이루어지고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 지수조정과 품목조정 방식의 직접적 상호 비교분석을 통해 차이의 정도 및 차이 발생 원인을 규명함으로써 조정방법간 차이에 따른 불균등을 해소하였으며, 각각의 방법에서 발견되어지는 불합리성에 대한 합리적 방안을 제시하였다. 공공주택건설공사의 건축공사를 대상으로 동일공사의 공사원가요소 즉, 직접재료비, 직접노무비, 실적공사비의 지수조정과 품목조정방법에 의한 세부 등락률을 산정하여 두 가지 조정방법간 차이를 분석하고 그 원인을 규명하였다. 분석결과 품목조정의 방법이 분석 전반에서 지수 조정에 비해 등락률이 낮게 산출되었으며, 차이발생의 주요원인으로 견적단가의 등락률 산정방법 상이, 공사종류 및 공사특성과 무관한 지수 적용 등에 기인한 결과로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 계약당사자간 원활한 계약금액조정을 위하여 조정방법간 차이를 직접 대응하여 비교분석하는 방법으로, 실제 발생되는 차이를 실체적으로 증명하였다는 점에 의의가 있다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2018

The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) model is a quick and straightforward analysis tool to estimate direct runoff and nonpoint source pollution. L-THIA was originally implemented as a spreadsheet application. GIS-based versions of L-THIA have been developed in ArcView 3 and upgraded to ArcGIS 9. However, a major upgrade was required for L-THIA to operate in the current version of ArcGIS and to provide more options in runoff and NPS estimation. An updated L-THIA interfaced with ArcGIS 10.0 and 10.1 has been developed in the study as an ArcGIS Desktop Tool. The model provides a user-friendly interface, easy access to the model parameters, and an automated watershed delineation process. The model allows use of precipitation data from multiple gauge locations for the watershed when a watershed is large enough to have more than one precipitation gauge station. The model estimated annual direct runoff well for our study area compared to separated direct runoff in the calibration and validation periods of ten and nine years. The ArcL-THIA, with a user-friendly interface and enhanced functions, is expected to be a decision support model requiring less effort for GIS processes or to be a useful educational hydrology model.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.321-332
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for more functional and more fitting clothing construction. The subjects were college women aged from 18 to 25 in June, 1997. Data were collected by anthropometry and photometry and analyzed by the characteristic of the upper body- The results are as follows: 1. After analyzing direct anthropometric data, 1 have analyzed the data by the characteristic in each somatotype, classified them and I have had 5 groups. Group 1 with middle height and standard type, group 2 with great height and standard type, group 3 with low height and slim type, group 4 with middle height and fat type, and group 5 with low height and a little fat type. 2. After analyzing indirect photometric data, 1 have analyzed them by the characteristic and I have had 4 groups. Group 1 with lean back type, group 2 with sway back type, group 3 with straight type and group 4 with bend forward type. 3. Through the mutual corresponding relation in the 5 groups classified with direct anthropometric measurement and the 4 groups classified with indirect photometric mea- surement, direct-group 1 comes the most corresponding to indirect-group 2, comes second to indirect-group 4, and comes third to indirect-group 1. Direct-group 2 comes the most corresponding to indirect-group 4, direct-group 3 comes the most corresponding to indirect- group 1, direct-group 4 comes the most corresponding to indirect-group 3, and direct-group 5 comes the most corresponding to indirect-group 1.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.811-816
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• 2000

The joint treatment of concrete is one of the technical problems in top down construction method. Joints created with the top down construction result in serious weakness from the aspects of both structural and water-barrier function. Ultrasonic method was used for the inspection of top down construction joints of column in SRC structure in this study. As a result it has been verified that the semi-direct measurement method is more effective than the other methods for detecting the voids of construction joints.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1100-1106
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• 2009

General contractors' overhead costs are increasing relative to direct costs. However, it is difficult to apply the traditional activity-based costing directly to the construction site overhead costing because the resource consumption rate per each activity is varied depending on the attributes of activities. The research develops a methodology of hybrid cost allocation system when resources are assigned to cost objects unlike the traditional activity-based costing. The study also develops a database program and demonstrates how it can be applied to the construction projects using a case study.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2003

본 연구는 항만공사시 발생되는 부유토사의 거동특성을 분석하기 위하여 항만공사 중 부유토사의 발생이 가장 많은 공정인 직접투하방식에 의한 매립공사 및 그랩준설공사륵 대상으로 부유토사 발생거동에 대해 조사하였다. 본 조사결과에 의하면 700ton급 대선을 이용해 준설토를 직접 투하하는 방식에 의한 매립공사의 경우 매립토 직투(700㎥)후 부유토사가 순간적으로 매우 높은 농도로 발생하여 부유토사는 60분간 지속되었다. 그랩준설공사시의 부유토사의 거동에 대한 조사결과 발생원 주변에서 수심에 관계없이 고농도의 부유토사가 발생하여 부유토사는 띠를 형성하며 조류방향을 따라 이동하여 700m이상 확산되었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 볼 때 부유토사의 발생을 저감시키기 위해 항만공사시 설치하는 오탁방지막의 설치위치를 가능한 공사지점으로부터 가까운 거리에 설치하는 것이 부유토사의 확산을 저감하는데 효율적이며, 오탁방지막의 막체길이는 가능한 길게 설치하도록 하여 저층으로 확산되는 부유토사의 확산을 저감시키는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2006

Since the direct normal radiation and clear day are a main factor for designing any solar thermal and photovoltaic concentrating system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. The work presented here are the investigation of direct normal radiation and clear day in Korea. The data utilized in the investigation consist of direct normal radiation collected for 14 years('90. 12${\sim}$2004. 12) and clear-day collected for 23 years($1982{\sim}2004$) at measuring stations across the country. The analysis shows that the annual-average daily direct normal radiation is 5.4 kWh/m2 and the annual-average total clear-day is 92.7 days in Korea. We also constructed the contour map of direct normal radiation and clear-day in Korea by interpolating actually measured data across the country.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2005

Human desire is required to be changed variously as time flows. A theme park which is planned to male a good memory including a variety of story, drama, and experience with one of themes is increasingly and currently broaden to be a good economic value of cultural tourism for the local autonomy institution or individual business. The plan for a theme park should be developed to give the tourist satisfaction at studious and ecology educational needs in conformity with our country's distinctive four seasons, its surrounding environment, facilities, and its contents. This design which is called 'Bear theme park' has only one theme focused on a combined effort with a landscape designer and a sculptor. It is estimated that the park must be our country's unique model of a theme park The purpose of this study is to request the designer's direct construction to participate in it by themselves, to solve any problems on the design side, to experience the real construction procedure, and to take the designer's techniques, and skills as soon as the design completed.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2012

This study evaluated the recycling potential of in-site waste soil as pile back filling material (PBFM). We performed experiments to check workability, segregation resistance, bond strength, direct shear stress test, and dynamic load test using in-site waste soil in coastal areas. We found that PBFM showed better performance than general cement paste in terms of workability, segregation resistance, and bond strength. On the other hand, the structural performance of PBFM was slightly lower than that of general cement paste due to the skin friction force of pile by Pile Driving Analyzer and direct shear stress. However, because this type of performance degradation in terms of structure can be improved through the use of piles with larger diameter or by changing the type of pile, considering the economics and environment, we considered that recycling of PBFM has sufficient value.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.180-181
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• 2013

In order to draw indirect cost rates, theories of indirect cost were investigated, and recent field data were collected from steel factories. As a result, it was found that the ratio of indirect labor productivity compared to the direct labor ratio was approximately 17% and the ratio of indirect cost compared to direct cost was approximately 93%. Furthermore, 'The economy of construction industry' and 'size of steel factory' were found to be influence factors of the indirect cost ratio.