• 제목/요약/키워드: Dipolar

검색결과 183건 처리시간 0.02초

Sr-페라이트 자성 입자의 활성화 부피의 자기장 의존성 (Magnetic Field Dependence of the Activation Volume for Sr-ferrite Particles)

  • 김현수;정순영;김경민;권해웅
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.196-200
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    • 2016
  • 크기가 서로 다른 Sr-페라이트 분말에 대한 활성화 부피의 자기장 의존성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 입자의 크기가 큰 시료 C2 는 낮은 자기장 영역에서는 활성화 부피가 컸으나 자기장이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 크기가 작은 시료 C3의 경우는 보자력과 거의 같은 고착 자기장에서 최대를 보이다가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 자화 역전 현상을 설명하는 자구생성 및 자벽고착 자기장의 상대적 위치 그리고 쌍극자 상호작용의 세기에 밀접하게 관련되는 것으로 판단된다.

이성분 혼합용매의 구조에 대한 열역학적 연구(제1보). 알코올-Cosolvent 혼합물의 분몰랄엔탈피 (Thermodynamic Studies on the Structure of Binary Mixed Solvents(Ⅰ). Partial Molal Enthalpies of Alcohol-Cosolvent Mixtures)

  • 나상무;박영동
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 1997
  • 등유전성 용매내에서 분자간 상호작용과 액체구조에 대한 정보를 얻기 위하여 양성자성 용매(protic solvent)인 ROH(R=Me, Et)와 양극성 비양성자성 용매(dipolar aprotic solvent)인 MeCN,$Me_2CO,\;MeNO_2(or EtNO_2)$간의 이성분 혼합물에서 각 성분의 분몰 용해엔탈피를 열량계법으로 측정하고 이를 이용하여 mixing과정에 대한 잉여엔탈피를 결정하였다. 이로부터 두 성분간의 수소결합 세기는$ROH-ROH>ROH-Me_2CO>ROH-MeCN>ROH-MeNO_2(or EtNO_2)$순으로 감소하며, ROH의 수소결합주게 산도(hydrogen bond donor acidity)는 MeOH>EtOH의 순으로 감소하며 이로부터 이성분 액체혼합물이 형성될 때의 에너지론(energetics)에 미치는 가장 강한 상호작용이 특별한 수소결합에 기인됨을 알 수 있었다.

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크기가 다른 Sr-Ferrite 입자의 자화 역전과 자기 상호작용이 보자력에 미치는 영향 (Influences of Magnetization Reversal and Magnetic Interaction on Coercivity of Sr-Ferrite Particles with Different Sizes)

  • 김현수;정순영;김경민;권해웅
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.23-29
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    • 2017
  • 시료 크기별 자화 역전과 자기 상호작용이 보자력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 자구생성보다 자벽고착에 의한 자화 역전 현상이 지배적인 시료일수록 보자력과 각형비가 컸다. 이와 같은 현상은 자벽이 낟알 경계면이나 시료 내부에 존재하는 고착점에 강하게 포획되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 한편 자기 상호작용을 분석한 결과, 시료의 크기에 무관하게 모든 시료는 쌍극자 상호작용이 지배적인 상호작용 기구이며, 쌍극자 상호작용이 강한 시료일수록 보자력이 작았다. 따라서 보자력은 자화 역전 현상, 자기 상호작용 기구와 세기에도 깊이 관련됨을 알 수 있다.

Calculation of NMR Shift in Paramagnetic System When the Threefold Axis is Chosen as the Quantization Axis (Ⅰ). The NMR Shift for a 3d$^1$ System in a Strong Crystal Field of Octahedral Symmetry

  • Ahn, Sang-woon;Park, Euisuh;Lee, Kee-Hag
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.103-114
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    • 1983
  • The NMR shift arising from the electron angular momentum and the electron spin dipolar-nuclear spin angular momentum interaction has been examined for a $3d_1$ system in a strong octahedral crystal field when the threefold axis is chosen as the quantization axis. To investigate the NMR shift in this situation, first, we have extended the evaluation of the hyperfine integrals to any pairs of 3d orbitals adopting a general method which is applicable to a general vector R, pointing in arbitrary direction in space. Secondly, a general expression using a nonmultipole technique is derived for the NMR shift resulting from the electron angular momentum and the electron spin dipolar-nuclear spin angular momentum interactions. From this expression all the multipolar terms are determined. ${\Delta}B/B$ for the $3d_1$ system in this case is compared with that for the 3d1 system when the z axis is chosen as the quantization axis. When we choose the threefold axis as the quantization axis, it is found that along the , and axes, ${\Delta}B/B$ values are significantly different from each other and along the , <-1-1-1>, <-11-1>, , <-1-11>, , and <-111> axes, ${\Delta}B/B$ values are however the same. We also find that the 1/R7 term contributes dominantly to the NMR shift for all values of R. When 1/$R^5$ term is included, there is good agreement between the exact solution and the multipolar terms when $R\; {\leqslant}\;0.35\;nm.$.

MICROMAGNETISM OF HARD AND SOFT MAGNETIC MATERIALS

  • Kronmuller, Helmut
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제5권5호
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    • pp.366-371
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    • 1995
  • High performance magnetic materials are characterized by the combination of outstanding magnetic properties and optimized microstructures, e.g., nanocrystalline composites of multilayers and small particle systems. The characteristic parameters of the hysteresis loops of these materials vary over more than a factor of $10^{6}$ with optimum values for the coercive field of several Tesla and permeabilities of $10^{6}$. Within the framework of the computational micromagnetism (nanomagnetism) using the finite element method the upper and lower bounds of the coercive field of different types of grain ensembles and multilayers have been determined. For the case of nanocrystalline composites the role of grain size, exchange and dipolar coupling between grains and the degree of grain alignment will be discusses in detail. It is shown that the largest coercivities are obtained for exchange decoupled grains, whereas remanence enhancing requires exchange coupled grains below 20 nm. For composite permanent magnets based on $Nd_{2}Fe_{14}B$ with an amount of ~ 50% soft $\alpha$-Fe-phase coercivities of ${\mu}_{0}H_{c}=0.75\;T$, a remanence of 1.5 T and an energy product of $400\;kJ/m^{3}$ is expected. In nanocrystalline systems the temperature dependence of the coercivity is well described by the relation ${\mu}_{0}H_{c}=(2\;K_{1}/M_{s}){\alpha}-N_{eff}{\mu}_{0}M_{s}$, where the microstructural parameters $\alpha$ and $N_{eff}$ take care of the short-range perturbations of the anisotropy and $N_{eff}$ is related to the long-range dipolar interactions. $N_{eff}$ is found to follow a logarithmic grain size size dependence ${\mu}_{0}H_{c}=(2\;K_{1}/M_{s}){\alpha}-N_{eff}(\beta1nD){\mu}_{0}M_{s}$. Several trends how to achieve the ideal situation $\alpha$->1 and $N_{eff}$->1->0 will be discussed.

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전기도금법으로 제작한 두께가 다른 CoPt 자성막의 자화역전과 자기역전 부피 (Magnetization Reversal and Magnetic Switching Volume in Electrodeposited CoPt Magnetic Films with Different Thickness)

  • 김현수;정순영;이창형;서수정
    • 한국자기학회지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.193-197
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    • 2011
  • 두께가 다른 CoPt 자성막을 전기도금법으로 제작하여 자화역전 기구와 자기상호작용이 자기역전 부피에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 자기모멘트 감쇠의 시간의존성과 잔류자기화 곡선 측정결과로부터 모든 시료의 지배적인 자화역전 기구는 자벽고착에 의한 자벽이동임을 알 수 있었다. 자기점성계수 및 비가역 자화율로부터 구한 자기역전 부피는 시료의 두께 및 인가 자기장의 세기에 거의 무관하게 일정하였으나, 자기역전 부피로부터 구한 역전 직경의 크기는 두께가 두꺼울수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 현상은 자벽고착에 의해 제어되는 자벽운동과 쌍극자 상호작용에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

Construction of 1H-15N Double Resonance Solid-State NMR Probe for Membrane Proteins in Aligned Bicelles

  • Park, Tae-Joon;Kim, Ji-Sun;Um, Seung-Hoon;Kim, Yong-Ae
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제31권5호
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    • pp.1187-1191
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    • 2010
  • $^1H-^{15}N$ heteronuclear dipolar coupling solid-state NMR experiments on lipid bilayer or bicelle samples are very useful for the structural studies of membrane proteins. However, to study these biological samples using solid-state NMR, a specific probe with high efficiency and high capability is required. In this paper, we describe the optimized design, construction, and efficiency of a 400 MHz wide-bore $^1H-^{15}N$ solid-state NMR probe with 5-mm solenoidal rf coil for high power, multi-pulse sequence experiments, such as 2D PISEMA or 2D SAMMY.

A proposal of new electronics device;micro-total analysis system for capillary electrophoresis

  • Oshige, Seisho;Aoyama, T.;Kambe, J.;Nagashima, U.
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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    • pp.579-581
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    • 2004
  • We wish to develop micro-total analysis system (TAS) on a chip, and to make a trial approach to solve the important problem that is to detect ions separated by the electric field. We propose an idea, which is as for rotational motions of dipolar ions, which are affected by the ion atmosphere in outer regions. This is a new kind of the ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET). We wish to develop the ISFET chips, and give more effective, fast and sensitive, capillary electrophoresis is designed in near future.

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Azide/Alkyne Resins for Quick Preparation of 1,4-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazoles

  • Sirion, Uthaiwan;Lee, Jae-Hak;Bae, Yu-Jin;Kim, Hee-Jun;Lee, Byoung-Se;Chi, Dae-Yoon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제31권7호
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    • pp.1843-1847
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    • 2010
  • An efficient method for the preparation of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds is described using polymeric quaternary ammonium salts having azide or alkyne functionality to remove unreacted excess starting molecules (azide/alkyne). Copper metal could easily be removed by simple filtration with a short $Na_2SO_4$/silica cartridge, affording highly regioselective products in high yield and excellent purity without the need for work-up, extraction and chromatographic purification.

Density Functional Study on [3+2]-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction of the N-heterocyclic Carbene Boryl Azide with Olefins

  • Zhang, Xing-Hui;Wang, Ke-Tai;Niu, Teng;Li, Shan-Shan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제35권5호
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    • pp.1403-1408
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    • 2014
  • The cycloaddition reactions of the N-heterocyclic carbene boryl azide with methyl acrylate, butenone, and hexafluoropropene have been investigated theoretically. Solvent effects on these reactions have been explored by calculation that included a polarizable continuum model (PCM) for the solvent (C6H6). The title reaction could produce 4- and 5-substituted 1,2,3-triazolines, respectively. The reaction systems have the higher chemical reactivity with the low barriers and could be favored. Yet the smaller differences have been found to occur in energetics, and the cycloaddition reactions occur for s-trans conformations over s-cis conformations. The calculations indicated that the cycloaddition reaction of the alkenes have certain regioselectivity.