• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.739-745
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• 2009

N,N'-(bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-tetracarboxylic)-bis-L-amino acids 3a-g were synthesized by the condensation reaction of bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride 1 with two equimolars of Lalanine 2a, L-valine 2b, L-leucine 2c, L-isoleucine 2d, L-phenyl alanine 2e, L-2-aminobutyric acid 2f and L-histidine 2g in an acetic acid solution. Seven new poly(amide-imide)s PAIs 5a-g were synthesized through the direct polycondensation reaction of seven chiral N,N'-(bicyclo[2,2,2]oct-7-ene-tetracarboxylic)-bis-L-amino acids 3a-g with bis(3-amino phenyl) phenyl phosphine oxide 4 by two different methods: direct polycondensation in a medium consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)/triphenyl phosphite (TPP)/calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$/pyridine (py), and direct polycondensation in a tosyl chloride (TsCl)/pyridine (py)/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) system. The polymerization reaction produced a series of flame-retardant and thermally stable poly(amide-imide)s 5a-g with high yield. The resulted polymers were fully characterized by FTIR, $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy, elemental analyses, inherent viscosity, specific rotation and solubility tests. Data obtained by thermal analysis (TGA and DTG) revealed that the good thermal stability of these polymers. These polymers can be potentially utilized in flame retardant thermoplastic materials.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2010년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.388-388
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• 2010

In this study, Ferroelectric vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (VF2-TrFE) copolymer films were directly deposited on degenerated Si (n+, $0.002\;{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$) using by spin coating method. A 1~5 wt% diluted solution of purified vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (VF2:TrFE = 70:30) in a dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent were prepared and deposited on silicon wafers at a spin rate of 2000 ~ 4000 rpm for 2 ~ 30 seconds. After annealing in a vacuum ambient at 100 ~ $200^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, upper aluminum electrodes were deposited by vacuum evaporation for electrical measurement. X-ray diffraction results showed that the VF2-TrFE films on Si substrates had $\beta$-phase of copolymer structures. The capacitance on highly doped Si wafer showed hysteresis behavior like a butterfly shape and this result indicates clearly that the copolymer films have ferroelectric properties. The typical measured remnant polarization ($P_r$) and coercive filed ($E_c$) values were about $5.7\;{\mu}C/cm^2$ and 710 kV/em, respectively, in an applied electric field of ${\pm}$ 1.5 MV/em. The gate leakage current densities measured at room temperature was less than $7{\times}10^{-7}\; A/cm^2$ under a field of 1 MV/cm.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.21
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• pp.20-21
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• 2008

Ferroelectric vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene ($VF_2$-TrFE) copolymer films were directly deposited on degenerated Si ($n^+$, 0.002 $\Omega{\cdot}cm$) using by dip coating method. A 1 ~ 3 wt% diluted solution of purified vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene ($VF_2$:TrFE=70:30) in a dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent were prepared and deposited on silicon wafers using dip coating method for 10 seconds. After Post-Annealing in a vacuum ambient at 100~200 $^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, upper aluminum electrodes were deposited by thermal evaporation through the shadow mask to complete the MFS structure. The ferroelectric $\beta$-phase peak of films, depending on the annealing temperature, started to show up around $125^{\circ}C$, and the intensity of the peak increased with increasing annealing temperature. Above $175^{\circ}C$, the peak started to decrease. The C-V characteristics were measured using a Precision LCR meter (HP 4284A) with frequency of 1MHz and a signal amplitude of 20 mV. The leakage-current versus electric-field characteristics was measured by mean of a pA meter/DC voltage source (HP 4140B).

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.139-141
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• 2005

It is possble to study charge transfer property which is caused by height variation because we can see the organic materials barrier height and STM tip by organic materials energy band gap. Here, we investigated the negative differential resistance(NDR) and charge transfer property of self-assembled 4,4-Di(ethynylphenyl)-2'-nitro-1-(thioacetyl)benzene, which has been well known as a conducting molecule. Self-assembly monolayers(SAMs) were prepared on Au(111), which had been thermally deposited onto pre-treatment($H_{2}SO_{4}:H_{2}O_{2}$=3:1) Si. The Au substrate was exposed to a 1 mM/l solution of 1-dodecanethiol in ethanol for 24 hours to form a monolayer. After thorough rinsing the sample, it was exposed to a $0.1{\mu}M/1$ solution of 4,4-Di(ethynylphenyl)-2'-nitro-1-(thioacetyl)benzene in dimethylformamide(DMF) for 30 min and kept in the dark during immersion to avoid photo-oxidation. After the assembly, the samples were removed from the solutions, rinsed thoroughly with methanol, acetone, and $CH_{2}Cl_{2}$, and finally blown dry with $N_2$. Under these conditions, we measured electrical properties of self-assembly monolayers(SAMs) using ultra high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy(UHV-STM). The applied voltages were from -1.50 V to -1.20 V with 298 K temperature. The vacuum condition is $6{\times}10^{-8}$ Torr. As a result, we found that NDR and charge transfer property by a little change of height when the voltage is applied between STM tip and electrode.

• Composites Research
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2015

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based nanocomposites are fabricated by incorporation of boron nitride (BN) nanosheets with anisotropic orientation for a potential high thermal conducting ferroelectric materials. The PVDF is dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF) and homogeneously mixed with exfoliated BN nanosheets, which is then cast into a polyimide film under application of high magnetic fields (0.45~10 T), where the direction of the filler alignment was controlled. The BN nanosheets are exfoliated by a mixed way of solvothermal method and ultrasonication prior to incorporation into the PVDF-based polymer suspension. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and thermal diffusivity are measured for the characterization of the polymer nanocomposites. Analysis shows that BN nanosheets are exfoliated into the fewer layers, whose basal planes are oriented either perpendicular or parallel to the composite surfaces without necessitating the surface modification induced by high magnetic fields. Moreover, the nanocomposites show a dramatic thermal diffusivity enhancement of 1056% by BN nanosheets with perpendicular orientation in comparison with the pristine PVDF at 10 vol % of BN, which relies on the degree of filler orientation. The mechanism for the magnetic field-induced orientation of BN and enhancement of thermal property of PVDF-based composites by the BN assembly are elucidated.

• 분석과학
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.339-346
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• 2014

근로자 건강진단 실무지침 상의 필수 검사항목 항목 중, N-메틸아세트아미드의 소변 표준시료를 제조하여 그 신뢰도를 확인하고자 하였다. DB-624 컬럼을 사용한 GC/MSD 분석 방법에 의해 기존 분석 컬럼보다 우수한 분리능과 선택성으로 N-메틸아세트아미드를 분석하였다. -60, -20, 5, $25^{\circ}C$에서 5-50 mg/L의 농도 범위의 소변 중 N-메틸아세트아미드의 안정성을 6개월 보관 시점까지 검토한 결과 모든 보관 조건에서 안정하였으며, 각 시료에 대한 균질성 검사 결과도 양호하였다. 이상의 결과로부터 유리형 NMAC를 첨가하는 방법으로 제조한 소변 중 NMAC 표준시료가 분석정도관리용으로 실용화하기에 적합한 균질성과 장기간 보관 시의 안정성을 모두 만족시킴을 확인하였고, 2008년부터 분석정도관리 표준시료로 활용하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.339-346
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• 1997

액정 polyurethane은 DMF 용매중 1,4-bis(6-hydroxyhexoxy)benzene (BHB6)과 2,5-tolylene diisocyanate (2,5-TDI)를 중부가 반응에 의해서 합성하였다. 고유점도는 0.26, $0.42d{\ell}/g$였다. 생성된 polyurethane의 열적성질 및 구조확인은 DSC, 편광현미경, X-ray회절 그리고 $^1H$-NMR 및 FT-IR에 의해 확인하였다 특히 분자량이 서로 다른 polyurethane 2,5-TDI/BHB6의 열적성질 및 물성에 대해서 비교 검토하였다. 고유점도가 [${\eta}$]=0.26인 polyurethane 2,5-TDI/BHB6는 monotropic 액정성을 나타내었다. 이러한 것은 구조적으로는 mesogen을 포함하고 있지 않다. 예를 들면 LCPU-L(저분자량)은 $T_{I-LC}$(등방성액체상전이점-액정) 및 $T_{LC-K}$(액정-결정)은 $122^{\circ}C$부터 $89^{\circ}C$까지 관찰되었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.688-696
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• 2009

In this study, a new class of polyurethane (PU) nanofibers containing silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) was synthesized by electrospinning. A simple method that did not depending on additional foreign chemicals was used to self synthesize the silver NPs in/on PU nanofibers. The synthesis of silver NPs was carried out by exploiting the reduction ability of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), which is used mainly to decompose silver nitrate to silver NPs. Typically, a sol-gel consisting of $AgNO_3$/PU was electrospun and aged for one week. Silver NPs were created in/on PU nanofibers. SEM confirmed the well oriented nanofibers and good dispersion of pure silver NPs. TEM indicated that the Ag NPs were 5 to 20 nm in diameter. XRD demonstrated the good crystalline features of silver metal. The mechanical properties of the nanofiber mats showed improvement with increasing silver NPs content. The fixedness of the silver NPs obtained on PU nanofibers was examined by harsh successive washing of the as-prepared mats using a large amount of water. The results confirmed the good stability of the synthesized nanofiber mats. Two model organisms, E. coli and S. typhimurium, were used to check the antimicrobial influence of these nanofiber mats. Subsequently, antimicrobial tests indicated that the prepared nanofibers have a high bactericidal effect. Accordingly, these results highlight the potential use of these nanofiber mats as antimicrobial agents.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1995년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.52-53
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• 1995

현재 상용화 되어있는 산소/질소 분리용 고분자 분리막은 비교적 낮은 선택도를 가지고 있다. 즉, 이점은 확산도와 용해도를 조절함으로써 분리막의 투과선택도를 높일 수 있는 가능성을 보여주고 있으며 보다 높은 투과도와 투과선택도를 갖는 새로운 고분자 재료의 선택이 분리막을 통한 기체 분리나 그 상업적 이용에 절실히 요구되고 있다. PSf는 상용성, 화학적 내구력, 강도, 높은 유리전이온도와 우수한 기체투과성질을 가진 고분자로 분리막에 많이 응용되고 있다. Erb 등은 용매로 DMF(dimethylformamide)와 THF(tetrahydrofuran)를 사용하여 막을 제조하였다. 상부 흐름압력이 5atm일때 각 기체의 투과도 계수는, 헬륨이 11, 이산화탄소가 5.5, 메탄이 0.5, 질소가 0.2였으며, PSf막에 대한 각 기체의 투과는 Henry mode보다 Langmuir mode에서 더욱 우세하게 일어난다고 생각하였다. 또한 Ghosal 등은 PSf에 nitro기를 도입한 nitrated PSf의 투과특성을 조사하였다. 실험결과 nitro group이 치환된 PSf막이 nitro group이 없는 막에 비해 투과도는 낮았지만 선택도는 증가하였다. 구조가 다른 여러가지의 PSf막을 통한 기체 투과성질은 Ghem 등에 의해 밝혀졌다. Membrane-covered probes를 이용한 폴라로그램(polarogram) 방법은 산소를 측정하는데 가장 보편적인 방업ㅂ으로, 산소 탐침(oxygen probe)의 원리는 소위 효소 전극을 발전시키는데 이용되어 왔다. 효소전극은 산소와 실험하고자 하는 물질간의 특정한 효소반응에 기초를 둔 다양한 물질의 선택적 측정을 위한 것이다. 이때 센서에 응용되는 합성막은 산소에 대해 선택적인 투과를 해야하며, 상대적으로 높은 산소확산계수와 물에 대해서는 낮은 투과도를 가져야 한다. 높은 산소확산계수는 반응을 빠르게 하는 잇점이 있으며 물에 대한 낮은 투과도는 센서내의 전해질 물질을 유지보호하는 역할을 한다. 분리막이 산소전극에 이용될 경우 높은 산소 확산계수 이외에도 적절한 기계적 강도, 열적 안정성 등이 요구된다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 불소계 고분자인 PVdF (poly(vinylidene fluoride))에 HFP (hexafluoropropylene)가 결합된 공중합체인 PVdF-HFP로 충전용 이차전지의 분리막으로 쓰이는 다공성 막을 상전이 방법으로 제조하였다. 용매인 DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide)에 PVdF-HFP를 단일상으로 녹인 후 깨끗한 유리판에 캐스팅하여 막을 얻었다. 기공은 증류수로 채워진 응고조에서 용매-빈용매 교환으로 형성되어진다. 얻어진 분리막에서 가장 높은 공극률은 60%로 얻어졌다. 시차주사현미경(scanning electron microscopy, SEM)을 이용하여 분리막의 단면 관찰을 통해 다공성을 확인하였고 UTM (universal testing machine)을 이용하여 측정된 분리막의 인장강도는 PVdF-HFP 30 wt%에서 최대 6.57 MPa의 값을 나타내었다.