• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-31
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• 1970

Nalidixic acid and six other drugs were studied for in vitro effectiveness against 200 strains of Escherichia coli isolated recently from healthy persons and bactericidal activity of ampicillin against one respective strain of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi isolated were also studied. The resutlts obtained by the plate dilution method showed the following percentage of resistance: kanamycin, 2.5%; streptomycin, 12.0%; ampicillin, 13.5%; tetracyclin, 15.5%; chloramphenicol, 17.5%; colistin sulfate, 19.5%. No strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, clearly indicating that nalidixic acid is the most effective drug tested. Ampicillin, measured by test-tube diltion method, was highly bactericidal against Salmonella typhi at the concentration of 2.5mcg/ml and against Escherichia coli at 5mcg/ml.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.84-90
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• 1988

This study was done with mouse embryos to determine effects of the freezing media with or without 10% sucrose, and seeding methods (pincette, no seeding, liquid nitrogen gas phase and copper wire coiled straw) on embryo survival were determined using the FDA test. The summarized results are the following. 1. The FDA score found with copper wire coiled straw, no seeding, pincette and liquid nitrogen gas phase was 3.6, 3.6, 3.3 and 3.0, respectively. There were no significant differences. 2. The embryo score shows higher (P<0.05) survival rate using a freezing medium with sucrose than the one without it. Among the seeding procedure, better resutls are copper wire coiled straw and no seeded. 3. The results suggest that copper wire coiled seeding no seeding be as good as seeding when the mouse embryos were frozen in a liquid nitrogen container using both the freezing and dilution media containing 10% sucrose.

• Carbon letters
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2003

Antibacterial behaviors of PAN-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) containing silver metal were investigated. The effects of surface and pore structures of the ACFs were studied by $N_2$/77 K adsorption and D-R plot as a function of silver loading content. The antibacterial activities were investigated by a dilution test against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus; gram positive) and Klebsiella pnemoniae (K. pnumoniae; gram negative). As experimental results, the ACFs showed some decreases in specific surface areas, micropore volumes, and total pore volume with an increase of silver content. However, the antibacterial activities of the ACFs were strongly increased against S. aureus as well as K. pnumoniae, which could be attributed to the presence of antibacterial metal in the ACFs system.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2011

The aim of this investigation was to demonstrate a rapid bioluminescence bioassay for comparison of the toxicity of whole solids and the aqueous extracts of various environmental solid samples. With regard to the toxicities, those for the soil extracts were mostly found to be lower than those of whole soils, which may have been caused by un-extracted pollutants or dilution during the extraction process. Solid samples from dam-reservoir sediments and municipal refuses were also tested. The toxicities of the solid extracts (0-34%; refuses and sediments) were much lower than those of the whole solids (13-91%). The bioluminescence inhibition test indicated that the harmful effects of the contaminated solids samples were greater than those of the solid extracts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.130-130
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• 2001

The commercially available paclitaxel product, Taxol$\circledR$ is currently formulated in a vehicle containing approximately a 1:1 v/v mixture of polyoxyethylated castor oil (Cremophor EL) and ethanol. Cremophor EL, a commonly used surfactant for lipophilic compounds, has been associated with many issues, such as adverse effects particularly following rapid administration, stability with the possibility for drug precipitation upon dilution, and filtering requirements.(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.72-72
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• 1997

합성한 5종의 6-Exomethylene penamsulfone 유도체의 Type I, Type II, Type III, TypeIV, TEM 효소에 대한 $\beta$-lactamase저해효과를 spectrophotometric assay방법으로 측정하였다. 또한 여기서 우수한 효소억제활성을 보여준 3종의 화합물을 가지고 In vitro antibacterial activity를 Agar dilution method법으로 27종의 $\beta$-lactamase생성균주에 대하여, Sulbactam, Ampicillin 및 Cefoperazone과 병용투여하여 MIC를 측정하였다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.141-148
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• 2002

Repair were made for front pillar, center pillar and side-step panel for lightweight vehicles with head-on and 40% off-set collision of 15 km/h in a RCAR standard. The salt dilution was sprayed and the compression tests were performed for vehicles with and without anti-corrosional treatment after repair. After 764 hours of salt-dilt sprayed test without using anti-corrosion, the mean penetration depth fur corrosion was shown to be 58% of the thickness. The resulyed decrease in bending stiffness by 10∼20% can cause reduction of the residual life and crash-absorption capability for damaged vehicles. The corrosoin safety tests showed that the anti-corrosional treatment should be made to improve the safety characteristics for a or damaged car.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.251-258
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• 2003

New method and device for the on-line measurement of soot concentration in a diesel engine oil are proposed, where the measurement principle is based mainly on attenuated internal total reflection. The detector were evaluated in various ranges of contaminated oils by carbon black particles. It was found that the proposed detector could be well used to monitor the oil deterioration due to soot contamination. Operational range of the detector was found from 0 to 5 mass percentage of soot content. Test results with water and fuel dilution showed that these effects were not remarkable. However, adsorption of carbon black particles onto the measurement surface was considered to be a critical problem of the detector. Effects of particle deposition on the interface was experimentally evaluated with the oil temperature and flow turbulence and discussed throughout this work.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.105-108
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• 2004

Organic acid is made with carbonized organic acid that is produced from charcoal burning process. It is evaluated whether carbonized organic acid is able to removed Enteromorpha in the laboratory and Porphra aquaculture farm test. The optimum condition for Enteromorpha removal are revealed ten times dilution and ten second immersion. The mortality rate of Enteromorpha is $95\%$ and diatom-detaching rate is $100\%$ by the organic acid treatment. On the other hand, the mortality rate of Porphra is lower than $5%\$. It was measured that nitrogen was 0.175 mg/l and phosphorus was 0.0158 mg/l. Therefore, Concentration of nutrients were lower than being necessary to Porphra growth. Growth rate of Porphra was $12\%$ increased by organic acid treatment with carbonized organic acid added nutrient.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 1993

The objectives of this paper are to present data to illustrate how an advanced digestion process, two-phase digestion, can provide superior performance in terms of waste stabilization efficiency and net energy recovery. As the result, it is possible to separate enrichment cultures of acidogenic and methanogenic organisms in isolated environments by kinetic control involving manipulation of dilution rates. In single-phase digestion process, HRT and COD loading for effective operation were 14.29 days and 2.33kg $COD/m^3$ day, but two-phase digestion may be conducted efficiently at 7 days of HRT and 5.71kg $COD/m^3$ day of loading. Data from this studies showed that the two-phase process is better than single-phase digestion under all test conditions when compared on the bases of gas yield and production rate, reductions of COD and VS, buffer capacity, and unconverted volatile acids in the effluent.