• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.2 s.308
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• pp.21-32
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• 2006

The license plate recognition (LPR) unit consists of the following core components: plate region segmentation, individual character extraction, and character recognition. Out of the above three components, accuracy in the performance of plate region segmentation determines the overall recognition rate of the LPR unit. This paper proposes an algorithm for segmenting the license plate region on the front or rear of a vehicle in a fast and accurate manner. In the case of the proposed algorithm images are captured on the spot where unmanned monitoring of illegal parking and stowage is performed with a variety of roadway environments taken into account. As a means of enhancing the segmentation performance of the on-the-spot-captured images of license plate regions, the proposed algorithm uses a mathematical model for license plate colors to convert color images into digital data. In addition, this algorithm uses Gaussian smoothing and double threshold to eliminate image noises, one-pass boundary tracing to do region labeling, and MBR to determine license plate region candidates and extract individual characters from the determined license plate region candidates, thereby segmenting the license plate region on the front or rear of a vehicle through a verification process. This study contributed to addressing the inability of conventional techniques to segment the license plate region on the front or rear of a vehicle where the frame of the license plate is damaged, through processing images in a real-time manner, thereby allowing for the practical application of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2015

Whole spine scanography (WSS) is a radiological examination that exposes the whole body of the individual being examined to x-ray radiation. WSS is often repeated during the treatment period, which results in a much greater radiation exposure than that in routine x-ray examinations. The aims of the current study were to evaluate the patient dose of WSS using computer simulation, image magnification and angulation of phantom image using different patient position. We evaluated the effective dose(ED) of 23 consecutive patients (M : F = 13:10) who underwent WSS, based on the automatic image pasting method for multiple exposure digital radiography. The Anterior-Posterior position(AP) and Posterior-Anterior position( PA) projection EDs were evaluated based on the PC based Monte Carlo simulation. We measured spine transverse process distance and angulation using DICOM measurement. For all patient, the average ED was 0.069 mSv for AP position and 0.0361 mSv for PA position. AP position calculated double exposure then PA position. For male patient, the average ED was 0.089 mSv(AP) and 0.050 mSv(PA). For female patient, the average ED was 0.0431 mSv(AP) and 0.026 mSv(PA). The transverse process of PA spine image measured 5% higher than AP but angulation of transverse process was no significant differences. In clinical practice, just by change the patient position was conformed to reduce the ED of patient. Therefor we need to redefine of protocol for digital radiography such as WSS. whole spine scanography, effective dose, patient exposure dose, exposure direction. protocol optimization.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.373-380
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to know the effects of teaching behavior type of expression activity class on flow and competence in elementary school. The subject for this research consisted of elementary students located in Busan were selected as a population. The sampling method was convenience sampling out of non-probability sampling method. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 280 copies were collected back. Out of those returned questionnaires, insincerely replied or double-replied questionnaires were excluded and finally 216 questionnaires were analyzed for this study. Collected data were put to frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS Win Ver. 22.0 program. The results of these analyses are as follows. First, the commanding type, the autocratic type, the democratic type and the reward type which are the subordinate variables of the teaching behavior type, were all found to have significant effects on the flow. Second, the democratic type and the reward type which are the subordinate variables of the teaching behavior type, were found to have significant effects on the competence. But, the commanding type and the autocratic type which are the subordinate variables of the teaching behavior type, were not found to have significant effects on the competence. Third, the flow were found to have significant effects on the competence.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.693-700
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• 2020

This study compared the accuracy and reliability of definitive casts fabricated from a digital impression and conventional impression technique. A master model with the prepared upper full-arch tooth was used. Samples of ten plaster models and ten polyurethane models were duplicated using a selected standard master model. Six linear measurements were recorded between the landmarks, directly on each of the stone models and the polyurethane models on two occasions by a double examiner. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test, interclass correlation coefficient (ICC), measurement error (MSE), and limit of agreement (LoA) were used for statistical analysis. The ICC ranged from 0.76 to 0.99 when comparing the stone models and polyurethane models. The mean difference between the stone models and polyurethane models ranged from 0.09mm to 0.20mm, suggesting that stone models might be slightly larger than polyurethane models. Based on this study, the accuracy of the polyurethane models in evaluating the performance of an oral scanner and subtractive technology was acceptable. Further studies will be needed on patient subjects under clinical conditions that may involve missing or malpositioned teeth and fixed dental prostheses because this study was limited to use a standard master model and duplicated sample models in a laboratory setting.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.129-137
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• 2009

While the broadband network and multimedia technologies have been developing, the commercial market of digital contents also has been widely spreading with recently starting IPTV. As the IPTV services are getting to be generalized and popularized, the contents protection and authentication system tends to draw more attentions. So we need a system that can protect contents and allow only authenticated person to use right service by controling user authority and using content encryption. Until now, the conventional protection and authentication system is taking advantages of merits both in CAS and DRM. But the weak point of this system are in high costs, complexity and using HW. For resolving these problems, in this paper, we proposed IPTV contents protection and authentication system using OTP. When we transmit the content encrypted by OTP key using contents delivery technology, we operate XOR with contents using another settop-box's OTP key which was transmitted from distribution server. And contents are reconstructed and transmitted to the settop-box, In the end, downloaded content are encrypted by OTP key and are superior in content protection when contents redistribution. Since OTP use double-authentication elements in encryption process, this method is excellent in content protection. And it is very effective in cost aspect because it could be implemented by SW program. Another benefit is that we can shorten the development time period. In this paper, we propose and find its possibility as a new content protection and authentication method suitable for IPTV services.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.3 s.99
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• pp.301-312
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• 2005

Three different cases should be considered for motion tracking: moving object with fixed camera, fixed object with moving camera and moving object with moving camera. Two methods are widely used for motion tracking: the optical flow method and the difference frame method. The optical new method is mainly used when either one, object or camera is fixed. This method tracks object using time-space vector which compares object position frame by frame. This method requires heavy computation, and is not suitable for real-time monitoring system such as DVR(Digital Video Recorder). The different frame method is used for moving object with fixed camera. This method tracks object by comparing the difference between background images. This method is good for real-time applications because computation is small. However, it is not applicable if the camera is moving. This thesis proposes and implements the motion tracking system using the difference frame method with PTZ(Pan-Tilt-Zoom) control. This system can be used for moving object with moving camera. Since the difference frame method is used, the system is suitable for real-time applications such as DVR.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.455-462
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of behavior type of dance art instructors in elementary dance education on class satisfaction focused on mediations of flow and perceived competence between commanding and positive reward types. A total of 453 questionnaires were analyzed for this study. For the analysis of the data, SPSS 18.0 version was used and double mediation model operating in serial, proposed by Hayes and a bootstrapping method were used. First, instructor's commanding type and positive reward type were statistically positive effect on class satisfaction. Second, the indirect effect of instructor's commanding type, and positive reward type on class satisfaction through the flow was statistically positive significant. Third, the indirect effect of instructor's commanding type, and reward type on class satisfaction through the perceived competence was statistically not significant. Lastly, the indirect effect of instructor's commanding type, and positive reward type on class satisfaction through the flow and perceived competence was statistically positive significant.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

Currently commercially available phantom can reproduce and evaluate only a static situation, the study is incomplete research on phantom and system which is can confirmed functional situation in the kidney by time through dynamic phantom and blood flow velocity, various difference according to the amount of radioactive. Therefore, through this study, it has produced the dynamic kidney phantom to reproduce images through the dynamic flow of the kidney, it desires to evaluate the usefulness of nuclear medicine imaging. The production of the kidney phantom was fabricated based on the normal adult kidney, in order to reproduce the dynamic situation based on the fabricated kidney phantom, in this study it was applied the volume pump that can adjust the speed of blood flow, so it can be integrated continuously radioactive isotopes in the kidney by using 99mTc-pertechnate. Used the radioactive isotope was supplied through the two pump. It was confirmed the changes according to the infusion rate, radioactive isotopes and the different injection speeds on the left and right, analysis of the acquired images was done by drawn five times ROI in order to check the reproducibility of each on the front and rear of the kidney and bladder. Depending on the speed of injection, radioisotope was a lot of integrated and emissions up when adjusting the pressure of the pump as 30 stroke, it was the least integrated and emissions up when adjusting as 40 stroke. The integration of the left & right kidney was not reached in the amount of the highest when adjusting as 10 stroke. In the changes according to the amount of the radioactive isotope, 0.6 mCi(22.2 MBq), 0.8 mCi (29.6 MBq)was showed up similar tendency but, in the result of the injection 0.8 mCi, it was showed up counts close to double of 0.6 mCi. In the result of the differently injection speed of the left & right kidney, as a result of different conditions that injection speed was 20 stroke through left kidney phantom, the injection speed was 30 stroke through right kidney phantom, it was enough difference in the resulting image can be easily distinguished with the naked eye. Through this study, the results showed that the dynamic kidney phantom system is able to similarly reproduce renogram in the actual clinical. Especially, the depicted over time for the flow to be excreted through the kidney into the bladder was adequately reproduce, it is expected to be utilized as basic data to check the quality of the dynamic images. In addition, it is considered to help in the field of functional imaging and quality control.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.33-41
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• 2016

In this study, it was to prepare a plan for improving the employment rate of college students after identifying employment preparation behavior by grade level. Based on data collected in this study, frequency analysis was analyzed and in order to find out the difference of employment preparation behavior between grade level, Cross-analysis was performed. The results, all items showed that significant differences by grade level in preparation for employment actions such as choice of a double major, workers' experience in college education services, language training experience in foreign countries, setting career in college education services, setting a goal for employment, seeking for employment in college education services, participation in employment activity for researching job, education/training-related job, having an official license. Implications for activation direction of employment preparation of college student by grade level is as follows. First, it is necessary for encouraging actively employment intention of the students. Second, there is a need for institutional support for certification and expanding language training opportunities. Third, in the case of a local university, it is necessary for enhancing competency for employment through the promotion of basic education for students.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 2021

As the trend of steadily increasing the number of single or double household, there is a growing demand to see who is the outsider visiting the home during the free time. Various models of face recognition technology have been proposed through many studies, and Harr Cascade of OpenCV and Hog of Dlib are representative open source models. Among the two modes, Dlib's Hog has strengths in front of the indoor and at a limited distance, which is the focus of this study. In this paper, a face recognition visitor access system based on Dlib was designed and implemented. The whole system consists of a front module, a server module, and a mobile module, and in detail, it includes face registration, face recognition, real-time visitor verification and remote control, and video storage functions. The Precision, Specificity, and Accuracy according to the change of the distance threshold value were calculated using the error matrix with the photos published on the Internet, and compared with the results of previous studies. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the implemented system was operating normally, and the result was confirmed to be similar to that reported by Dlib.