With the immergence of the iPhone, the interest in Smartphones is getting higher as services can be provided directly between service providers and consumers without the network operators. As the number of international tourists increase, individual tourists are also increasing. According to the WTO's (World Tourism Organization) prediction, the number of international tourists will be 1.56 billion in 2020,and the average growth rate will be 4.1% a year. Chinese tourists, in particular, are increasing rapidly and about 100 million will travel the world in 2020. In 2009, about 7.8 million foreign tourists visited Korea and the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism is trying to attract 12 million foreign tourists in 2014. A research institute carried out a survey targeting foreign tourists and the survey results showed that they felt uncomfortable with communication (about 55.8%) and directional signs (about 21.4%) when they traveled in Korea. To solve this inconvenience for foreign tourists, multilingual servicesfor traffic signs, tour information, shopping information and so forth should be enhanced. The appearance of the Smartphone comes just in time to provide a new service to address these inconveniences. Smartphones are especially useful because every Smartphone has GPS (Global Positioning System) that can provide users' location to the system, making it possible to provide location-based services. For improvement of tourists' convenience, Seoul Metropolitan Government hasinitiated the u-tour service using Kiosks and Smartphones, and several Province Governments have started the u-tourpia project using RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) and an exclusive device. Even though the u-tour or u-tourpia service used the Smartphone and RFID, the tourist should know the location of the Kiosks and have previous information. So, this service did not give the solution yet. In this paper, I developed a new convenient service which can provide location based information for the individual tourists using GPS, WiFi, and 3G. The service was tested at Insa-dong in Seoul, and the service can provide tour information around the tourist using a push service without user selection. This self-tour service is designed for providing a travel guide service for foreign travelers from the airport to their destination and information about tourist attractions. The system reduced information traffic by constraining receipt of information to tourist themes and locations within a 20m or 40m radius of the device. In this case, service providers can provide targeted, just-in-time services to special customers by sending desired information. For evaluating the implemented system, the contents of 40 gift shops and traditional restaurants in Insa-dong are stored in the CMS (Content Management System). The service program shows a map displaying the current location of the tourist and displays a circle which shows the range to get the tourist information. If there is information for the tourist within range, the information viewer is activated. If there is only a single resultto display, the information viewer pops up directly, and if there are several results, the viewer shows a list of the contents and the user can choose content manually. As aresult, the proposed system can provide location-based tourist information to tourists without previous knowledge of the area. Currently, the GPS has a margin of error (about 10~20m) and this leads the location and information errors. However, because our Government is planning to provide DGPS (Differential GPS) information by DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) this error will be reduced to within 1m.
Wide Area Differential GNSS(WA-DGNSS) was developed in order to improve the accuracy and integrity performance of GNSS. In this paper, overall structure of Pseudolite-Based Augmentation System(PBAS) and experimental methods which enables the post-processing test with commercial receiver will be described. For generating augmenting message, GPS measurement collected from five NDGPS reference stations were processed by reference station S/W and master station S/W. The accuracy of augmenting message was tested by comparing SP3, IONEX data. In the test, RF signal of user was collected and correction data were generated. After that, RF signal was broadcasted with pseudolite signal. Test was conducted using three commercial receiver and the performance was compared with MSAS and standalone user. From the position output of each receiver, it was shown that improved position was obtained by applying augmenting message.
Park, SulGee;Han, YoungHoon;Park, SangHyun;Choi, YongKwon;Lee, Sang Jeong
Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
/
v.20
no.9
/
pp.1822-1829
/
2016
DGPS Reference station is established in Korea for improvement of GPS navigation accuracy and needs of integrity. Recently, DGPS stations provide user positioning information on land as well as ocean. However, this paper investigated visibility and interference environment for performance degradation of Chung-ju DGPS reference station. In case of Young-do reference station, visibility and interference environment were satisfied with reference standard. In case of Chung-ju reference station, visibility was satisfied with 7 degree elevation angle. However, interference environment was not satisfied with reference standard of -50dBm. This paper proposed time differential measurement analysis method excluding error of signal noise for analyzing measurement error. Chung-ju reference station measurement analysis result is three times the error than on Young-do in Dec, 2015. In addition, this paper has confirmed measurement performance degradations because of reference station equipment problem. Future study will be carried out performance analysis of 17 DGPS reference station.
Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
/
v.49
no.11
/
pp.183-190
/
2012
Conventional physical activity monitoring systems, which use accelerometers, global positioning system (GPS), heartbeats, or body temperature information, showed limited performances due to their own restrictions on measurement environment and measurable activity types. To overcome these limitations, we developed a portable exercise analysis system that can analyze aerobic exercises as well as isotonic exercises. For bioelectric signal acquisition during exercise, waist belt with two body contact electrodes was used. For exercise analysis, the measured signals were firstly divided into two signal groups with different frequency ranges which can represent respiration related signal and muscular motion related signal, respectively. After then, power values, differential of power values, and median frequency values were selected for feature values. Selected features were used as inputs of support vector machine (SVM) to classify the exercise types. For verification of statistical significance, ANOVA and multiple comparison test were performed. The experimental results showed 100% accuracy for classification of aerobic exercise and isotonic resistance exercise. Also, classification of aerobic exercise, isotonic resistance exercise, and hybrid types of exercise revealed 92.7% of accuracy.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.18
no.10
/
pp.739-744
/
2017
Elastic deformation and fatigue damage can cause the permanent deformation of a kart's frame during turning, affecting the kart's driving performance. A kart's frame does not contain any suspension or differential devices and, therefore, the dynamic behavior caused by torsional deformation when driving along a curve can strongly affect these two kinds of deformations. To analyze the dynamic behavior of a kart along a curved section, the GPS trajectory of the kart is obtained and the torsional stress acting on the kart-frame is measured in real time. The mechanical properties of leisure and racing karts are investigated by analyzing their material properties and conducting a tensile test. The torsional stress concentration and frame distortion are investigated through a stress analysis of the frame on the basis of the obtained results. Leisure and racing karts are tested in each driving condition using driving analysis equipment. The behavior of a kart when being driven along a curved section is investigated through this test. Because load movement occurs owing to centrifugal force when driving along a curve, torsional stress acts on the kart's steel frame. In the case of a leisure kart, the maximum torsional stress derived from the torsional fatigue limit was found to be 230 MPa, and the torsional fatigue limit coefficient was 0.65 when driving at a speed of 40 km/h. Furthermore, the driving elements during the cornering of a kart were measured based on an actual auto-test after installing a driving measurement system, and the driving behavior of the kart was analyzed by measuring its vertical displacement.
Kim Chang-Oh;Kim Sang-Wan;Lee Dong-Cheon;Lee Yong-Wook;Kim Jeong Woo
Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
/
v.21
no.4
/
pp.287-302
/
2005
Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were generated by ERS-l/2 and JERS-1 SAR interferometry in Daejon area, Korea. The quality of the DEM's was evaluated by the Ground Control Points (GCPs) in city area where GCPs were determined by GPS surveys, while in the mountain area with no GCPs, a 1:25,000 digital map was used. In order to minimize errors due to the inaccurate satellite orbit information and the phase unwrapping procedure, a Differential InSAR (DInSAR) was implemented in addition to the traditional InSAR analysis for DEM generation. In addition, DEMs from GTOPO30, SRTM-3, and 1:25,000 digital map were used for assessment the resolution of the DEM generated from DInSAR. 5-6 meters of elevation errors were found in the flat area regardless of the usage and the resolution of DEM, as a result of InSAR analyzing with a pair of ERS tandem and 6 pairs of JERS-1 interferograms. In the mountain area, however, DInSAR with DEMs from SRTM-3 and the digital map was found to be very effective to reduce errors due to phase unwrapping procedure. Also errors due to low signal-to-noise ratio of radar images and atmospheric effect were attenuated in the DEMs generated from the stacking of 6 pairs of JERS-1. SAR interferometry with multiple pairs of SAR interferogram with low resolution DEM can be effectively used to enhance the resolution of DEM in terms of data processing time and cost.
Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
/
v.15
no.4
/
pp.151-161
/
2012
The purpose of this study was to build a web-server for culture heritages management information system in order to efficiently manage and safely preserve undesignated cultural properties in the Namsan area in Kyeongju, which have been neglected so far. In order to achieve this purpose, data were collected on the basis of undesignated cultural properties in the study area. To acquire the location and range GPS were used and spatial data including geographic coordinates, visual materials and structured interviews were conducted through field survey. In addition, in order to obtained reliable and accurate locations of undesignated cultural properties which are scattered, DGPS(Differential Global Positioning System) were used. The spatial database was constructed based on the standard of cultural properties and attribute data was linked to geo-spatial information(digital map and aerial photographs). This system was built in a web-server environment. The result shows detailed description on the selected output for selected location and property information can be located on the map. In particular, a database to search for the status and modification of cultural properties will provide information to the users.
Lee, Jeong-Deok;Shin, Daeyun;Kim, Dohyeong;Oh, Seung Jun
Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
/
v.7
no.3
/
pp.30-34
/
2012
National Meteorological Satellite Center(NMSC) of Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA) has launched to implement the application development to get prepared for the space weather operation since 2010. As a action of KMA's space weather work, NMSC constructed Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) application system for meteorology and space weather. We will introduce NMSC's space weather application system which derives regional TEC(Total Electron Content) in near real time using nation-wide GNSS network data. First, We constructed system for collecting GNSS data, which is currently collecting about 80 stations operated by agencies like NGII(National Geographic Information Institute), Central Office of DGPS(Differential GPS), and KASI(Korea Astronomy and Space Science) including KMA's own data of 2 stations. In order to retreive regional TEC over Korean peninsular, we build up the automatic processes running every 1-hour. In these processes, firstly, GNSS data of every stations with 24 hours time window are processed to derive DCBs(Differential Code Biases) of each GNSS station and TEC values on every ionosphere piercing point(IPP). Then we made gridded regional TEC map with resolution of 0.25 degree from 31N, 121E to 41N, 135E by combination of all station results within 30 minutes window with assumption that TEC of a given point during a given 30 minutes window would have a constant value. The grid points without TEC value are interpolated using Barnes objective analysis. We presentour regional TEC maps, which can describe better on the status of ionosphere over Korean peninsular compared to IGS TEC maps.
Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
/
1999.06a
/
pp.137-159
/
1999
Over the last three decades, Korean farming system has been directed to maximum agricultural production and to increase farmer's income through adoption of high-yielding crop varieties and high input of agrochemicals . These farming practices have resulted in problems of water-quality deterioration, soil degradation , and food safety. At present, over 40 million tones of animal waste are bing produced annually, which amounts to disposing the waste at the annual rate of 20 tones per ha in the total area of farming land in Korea. Nearly a half of total available water resources is used as irrigation water predominantly for rice paddy field. Thus, non-point source contamination of the water resources has been linked to agriculture across the nation. However, the extent to which agriculture contributes to the water quality is not fully known. Recently, Korean government provided various institutional measures to reduce the negative impacts of agricultural practices on the environ ental quality, and the Agricultural Environment Act was also passed by the legislature in 1998 and became effective January 1999. This Act does not cover the broad spectrum of the sustainable agriculture ; thus, the limited incentives within this Act are arguably ineffective to control the non-point source pollution. Recently new bulk blending of fertilizers(BB fertilizer) are bing produced (100, 000 tones in 1998) with Government subsidies. The BB fertilizers are to balance N-P-K ratio in the soils . Although the use of the BB fertilizers are encouraged with Government subsidies, non-point source pollution is still serious and will become worse. Precision farming is regarded as a new means for sustainable agriculture. It is a new technology that modifies the existing techniques and incorporates new one such as GIS, GPS , differential applicator to produce a new set of tools for the farmer to use. Precision farming, however, has constraints for individual farming practices. For exam le , farm size or parcel unit of each farmer is too small to adopt the precision agriculture on farmhouse-hold bases and farmer's ability to adopt the new technology is limited. However, it would be appropriate to establish local or regional cooperatives to operate such a precision farming system. It is recommended that Government provide sufficient incentives to help establish local and/or regional cooperatives.
Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
/
v.45
no.3
/
pp.165-176
/
2009
The process of berthing/deberthing operations for entering/leaving vessels in Busan northern harbor was analyzed and evaluated by using an integrated VTS(vessel traffic service) system installed in the ship training center of Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea. The integrated VTS system used in this study was consisted of ARPA radar, ECDIS(electronic chart display and information system), backup(recording) system, CCTV(closed-circuit television) camera system, gyro-compass, differential GPS receiver, anemometer, AIS(automatic identification system), VHF(very high frequency) communication system, etc. The network of these systems was designed to communicate with each other automatically and to exchange the critical information about the course, speed, position and intended routes of other traffic vessels in the navigational channel and Busan northern harbor. To evaluate quantitatively the overall dynamic situation such as maneuvering motions for target vessel and its tugboats while in transit to and from the berth structure inside a harbor, all traffic information in Busan northern harbor was automatically acquired, displayed, evaluated and recorded. The results obtained in this study suggest that the real-time tracking information of traffic vessels acquired by using an integrated VTS system can be used as a useful reference data in evaluating and analyzing exactly the dynamic situation such as the collision between ship and berth structure, in the process of berthing/deberthing operations for entering/leaving vessels in the confined waters and harbor.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.