• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.335-339
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• 2018

The optical characteristics of a terahertz (THz) antenna-coupled bolometer (ACB) detector were evaluated using a pulsed quantum cascade laser (QCL) and radiation blackbody sources. We investigated a method for measuring the responsivity and noise-equivalent power (NEP) of the THz detector using two different types of light sources. When using a QCL source with a frequency of 3 THz, the average responsivity of 24 devices was $1.44{\times}10^3V/W$ and the average NEP of those devices was $3.33{\times}10^{-9}W/{\surd}Hz$. The average responsivity and NEP as measured by blackbody source were $1.79{\times}10^5V/W$ and $6.51{\times}10^{-11}W/{\surd}Hz$, respectively, with the measured values varying depending on the light source. This was because the output power of each light source was different, with the laser source being driven by a pulse type wave and the blackbody source being driven by a continuous wave. The power input to the THz sensor was also different. Futhermore, the responsivity and NEP values measured using band pass filter (BPF) were similar to those measured when using only THz windows. It was found that ACB sensor responds normally in the THz region to both the laser and the blackbody source, and the method was confirmed to effectively evaluate the characteristics of the THz sensor.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.36-46
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• 1988

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of different protein and fat levels on the growth and on immune response in rats. In experiment 1, Sprague-Dawly male rats were fed diets containing 6%, 15%, or 30% casein with 2 levels of fat(2% and 30%) at each protein level. In experiment 2 and 3, rats were devided into 8 diet groups ; 4 different sources of proteins(casein, meat protein, fish protein, and gluten) were used at 15% level of the diet with 2% or 30% of dietary fat. The results show as follows 1) The rats in 6% casein group showed lower body weight gain and organ weight than those in 15% and 30% casein groups. There was no significant difference between 15% and 30% casein groups. In experiment 2, the gluten diet group showed the lowest growth rate and epididymal fat pad weight among 4 different dietary protein groups regardless the level of dietary fat. 2) There was no significant difference in immune response according to the sources and levels of dietary protein. However, the rats fed high fat diet showed the lower plaque-forming cell response than those fed low fat diet regardless dietary protein.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.81-91
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• 2011

Current fuel ethanol research and development deals with process engineering trends for improving biotechnological production of ethanol. Recently, a large amount of studies regarding the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a good feedstock for producing fuel ethanol is being carried out worldwide. The plant biomass is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The main challenge in the conversion of biomass into ethanol is the complex, rigid and harsh structures which require efficient process and cost effective to break down. The isolation of microorganisms is one of the means for obtaining enzymes with properties suitable for industrial applications. For these reasons, crude cultures containing cellulosic biomass degrading microorganisms were isolated from rice field soil, cow farm soil and rotten rice straw from cow farm. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), xylan and Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose) degradation zone of clearance on agar platefrom rice field soil resulted approximately at 25 mm, 24 mm and 22 mm respectively. As for cow farm soil, CMC, xylan and Avicel degradation clearancezone on agar plate resulted around at 24mm, 23mm and 21 mm respectively. Rotten rice straw from cow farm also resulted for CMC, xylan and Avicel degradation zone almost at 24 mm, 23 mm and 22 mm respectively. The objective of this study is to isolatebiomass degrading microbial strains having good efficiency in cellulose hydrolysis and observed the effects of different substrates (CMC, xylan and Avicel) on the production of cellulase enzymes (endo-glucanase, exo-glucanase, cellobiase, xylanase and avicelase) for producing low cost biofuel from cellulosic materials.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.565-575
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• 2009

Two experiments in the sequential order were conducted to determine the effects of different dietary lipid sources on the growth and fatty acid composition of rohu (Labeo rohita) and to examine the viability of a return fish oil finisher diet in restoring the human cardio-protective fatty acid profile. In the first experiment, fish were fed either with coconut oil (D1), olive oil (D2), sunflower oil (D3), linseed oil (D4) and fish oil (D5) as the main lipid source in the isonitrogenous diet for 90 days. No significant differences in growth were observed. Among the experimental diets moisture content of fish varied significantly (p<0.05) between the groups. Dietary lipid sources had a profound influence on the fatty acid profile of the muscle and liver as tissue fatty acid profile reflected the dietary fatty acid composition. Increased amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were observed in tissue of fish fed D4 and arachidonic acid was observed in the tissue of fish fed D3. We have also detected the metabolites of n-3 and n-6 pathway in D4 and D3 groups respectively, which prompted us to conclude that rohu, can desaturate and elongate $C_{18}$ essential fatty acids to $C_{20}$ and $C_{22}$ HUFA. A second feeding trial was conducted using the animals from the five different treatment groups for the duration of 30 days with fish oil rich diet (D5). Feeding with fish-oil rich washout diet resulted in the near equalization of all the other treatment groups tissue fatty acid profiles to that of fish oil (D5) fed group. These results indicate that a finishing fish oil diet can be effectively used to restore the human cardioprotective fatty acid profile in rohu fed with vegetable oils as lipid source.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.135-148
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the bioavailability of calcium derived from starfish as a new calcium source. Four-week old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided 6 groups. The rats were received experimental diets containing two kinds of Ca sources, CaCO₃ or starfish, and three levels of Ca, low (0.1 %), medium (0.5%) and high (1.0%), respectively, for 6 weeks. The parameters which related to Ca bioavailability were measured : Serum Ca concentration, Alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and GOT activities ; tissue Ca contents, bone dimension and Ca, P, Mg contents; Ca retention and apparent absorption. Starfish Ca-fed rats did not show any difference from CaCO₃-fed rats in terms of growth, food intake and FER. Serum Ca, ALP and GOT activities as well as tissue Ca contents were not different between CaCO₃- and starfish Ca-fed groups. Although dimension of femur and lumbar was not different between CaCO₃- and starfish Ca-fed rats, ash content was high in starfish Ca-fed rats. Ca and P contents of femur and lumbar were not different between both groups. Starfish Ca-fed groups showed higher Mg contents than CaCO₃-fed groups in both femur and lumbar. Ca absorption rate and retention rate were significantly higher in starfish Ca-fed rats. These results indicate that Ca derived starfish did not show any negative effect on growth and Ca metabolism of rats compared to calcium carbonate. Starfish Ca can be recommended as a good Ca source on the basis of higher Ca absorption and bioavailability.

• Journal of Koreanology Reviews
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to discuss how Dongi People in ancient societies resided in the region including the Korean Peninsula shaped its economy, what kind of currency was used, and their economic activities using this currency. This study started from a skeptical point of view that the Dongi People were conducting economic activities with the currency used in the country made by the Jina People before and after the Gojoseon society. Currently, in China, all currencies issued in China are treated as their own currency. It is due to subjective interpretation from a nationalist point of view. Japan subjectively interprets and judges from a Japanese point of view and North Korea judges from the central point of view on the Korean Peninsula. This difference is due to the subjective interpretation from the researcher which has been affected by their associating academic area. This has caused the lack of objectivity. In other words, it means that there is a big difference in the perception of the interpretation of history between different academic areas. This study, therefore, tried to avoid the application of biased concept or academic research in order to define the distribution economics more objectively by conducting the study based on the literature sources from Chinese ancient books and field research materials as much as possible, as the study and research conducted based on the domestic sources are insufficient in the sense that there is a gap between different perceptions and interpretations. As a conclusion of this study, the excavation area of Myeong-do-jeon is perfectly consistent with the old river area of Gojoseon, and in particular, considering Gojoseon was in the hostile relationship with Yan, it was found that only Myeong-do-jeon was used without using any other Chinese currency in the entire Gojoseon area, not just some areas. It is also a decisive clue to prove that it is not the Yan currency. The limitation of this study in developing the discussion different from the current research and study is that there was a lack of exploration and investigation of various documents and relics. For future research, this study will become more meaningful when it is conducted simultaneously with the discovering of new documents as well as the relics.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.123-148
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• 2015

Built on regulatory focus theory, this article develops a research model proposing the relationship between management controls (outcome, activity and capability), sales employees' prevention and promotion focus and their behavioral responses (feedback seeking from different sources and relationship investment). The model also suggests that salesperson perceived organizational fit (P-O fit) contributes by influencing the situational self-regulatory mechanism based on regulatory fit theory. To analyze the data, a structural equation model procedure using LISREL 8.5 was employed. To access the potential common method bias, the MV" marker method was applied using a scale theoretically unrelated to at least one scale in the analysis as the MV marker. The results showed that the greater the salesperson's perceived activity control system, the greater the extent of employee prevention focus. The findings also showed that output control and capability control system are positively related to the promotion focus of salespeople. Salespeople's prevention focus relates negatively to the relational investment and positively to organization feedback seeking. The results indicate that salespeople who have promotion focus exhibit the predicted positive influence on their relationship investment. A significant contribution of this research framework is suggesting salesperson regulatory focus as a mediator and its' effects on different types of sales-related behaviors. The author suggests that the motivational orientations of salespeople play key roles in shaping feedback seeking behaviors from different sources; broadly, that employees with a promotion focus will be more sensitive to customers' feedback, and employees with a prevention focus will seek more feedback from the organization. Furthermore, salespeople with a promotion focus will invest more resources to build relationships with customers than salespeople with a prevention focus. This research also explains the moderating role of person-organization fit on the effect of salespeople's regulatory focus and behavioral responses based on regulatory fit theory

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.758-765
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• 2002

KITECH and ODS performed a study of internal and external noise prediction of the Korean high speed prototype test train(HSR 350X). The object of this study was 3 kinds of cars, trailer car(TT2), motorized car(TMI ) and power car(TPI) and the predicted noise was for the two different driving speeds in free field and tunnel conditions. Data of carbody design and noise sources were delivered from manufactures. Some of noise sources which were not available in the project team, were chosen by experiences of ODS. Internal noise level of each car was predicted for two cases i.e, at 300 km/h and 350 km/h. In addition sound transmission path and dominant noise sources were also investigated for each section of the car, which is circular shell typed part of whole carbody. In case of TT2, the dominating sound transmission path is the (floor in terms of structure-borne noise and air-borne noise. The main noise sources are structure-borne noise from the yaw-damper and air-borne noise from the wheel/rail contact, whereas the dominating sound transmission path of TMI are floor and sidewall below the window in terms of structure-borne noise. The main noise sources of TMI are structure-borne noise from motor/gear unit and the yaw-damper in the free field, and air-borne noise from the wheel/rail contact and structure-borne noise from motor/gear unit in the tunnel. Through the external noise prediction for the KHST test train formation, the noise form the wheel/rail contact is estimated as one of the major sources. In addition, the noise specification of sub-component was proposed for managing each sub-surpplier to reach the KHST noise requirement. The specification provide the sound power of machinery part and transmission loss of component of carbody structure. The predicted noise level in each case exceeded the required limit. Through this study, the noise characteristics of the test train were investigated by simulation, and then the actual test will be performed in near future. Both measured and calculated data will be compared and further work for noise reduction will be continued.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.917-923
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• 2002

KITECH and ODS performed a study of internal and external noise prediction of the KHST test train. The object of this study was 3 kind of cars; trailer car(TT2), motorized car(TM1) and power car(TP1) and the predicted noise was calculated for the two different driving speeds in free field and tunnel conditions. Data of carbody design and noise sources were delivered from each manufactures. Some of noise sources which were not available in project team, were chosen by experiences of ODS. Internal noise level of each car were predicted for two cases i.e, at 300 km/h and 350 km/h. In addition sound transmission path and dominant noise sources were also investigated of each section of car, which is circular shell typed part of whole carbody. In case of TT2, the dominating sound transmission path is floor in terms or structure-borne noise and air-borne noise. The main noise sources are structure-borne noise from the yaw-damper and air-borne noise from the wheel/rail contact, whereas the dominating sound transmission path of TM1 are floor and sidewall below the window in terms of structure-borne noise. The main noise sources of TM1 are structure-borne noise from motor/gear unit and the yaw-damper in the free field, and air-borne noise from the wheel/rail contact and structure-borne noise from motor/gear unit in the tunnel. Through the external noise prediction for the KHST test train formation, the noise form the wheel/rail contact is estimated as one of the major sources. In addition, the noise specification of sub-component was proposed for managing each sub-surpplier to reach the KHST noise requirement. The specification provide the sound power of machinery part and transmission loss of component of carbody structure. The predicted noise level in each case exceeded the required limit. Through this study, the noise characteristics of the test train were investigated by simulation, and then the actual test will be performed in near future. Both measured and calculated data will be compared and further work for noise reduction will be continued.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.50-53
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• 2017

Purpose The change in uniformity due to the decreasement in dose should be known. $^{57}Co$ sealed sources are easy to manage and use as QC sources replacing $^{99m}Tc$. Overlapping sealed sources are expected to show variations in dose due to attenuation between sealed sources. Materials and Methods A total of three experiments were conducted. The first experiment is to observe the change in the degree of senescence of the $^{57}Co$ sealed source. The second experiment is to compare the single source and overlaped source at similar doses. In the third experiment, the sources of different doses were compared on each other to determine the changes due to the attenuation between the overlapping sources. Results The results of the first experiment did not exceed the acceptable range. but each crew showed a difference. There was no statistically significant difference in the measurement of uniformity on second and third experiment Conclusion It is believed that a $^{57}Co$ sealed source can be used as a superimposed source. It is not only economical but also convenient to use. daily uniformity measurements will help reduce scan time and speed up the testing process.