• 음성과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2008

Habitual speaking fundamental frequency (sF0) plays an important role in determining the voice classification, which can be presented differently depending on the vocal fold length and language habits. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the differences in sF0 for voice classification and closed quotient between speaking and singing. Seventeen singers (7 sopranos, 5 tenors, 5 baritones, mean age 25.1 years) with no evidence of vocal folds pathology were participated. sF0 and closed quotient (CQ) both in speaking and in singing (A3-A5 with soprano, A2-A4 with tenor and baritone) were measured using SPEAD program and electroglottography. No significant differences were observed for sF0 between tenor and baritone groups (p> 0.05). However, CQ in singing was significantly different among three groups (p< 0.05), but CQ in speaking was not (p> 0.05). Furthermore, CQ was significantly different with both soprano (p< 0.01) and tenor groups ((P= 0.02) whereas baritone group revealed there is no difference when compared between speaking and singing. No significant differences in sF0 between tenor and baritone participants may result from decision-making for voice classification by experience and should measure sF0 before determining the voice classification.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.683-696
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• 2000

To examine the blood lipids, muscle strength and flexibility at low back, and muscle strength in the knee joint, 44 women, who were diagnosed as chronic low back pain patients and aged between 40 to 50 years old, were recruited as the subjects. The women were divided into two groups: 1) body fat content less than 25% and 2) body fat content more than 30%. The results were: 1) No differences were found between two groups in blood lipids status. 2) The total cholesterol were less 3.78% in the normal group than the obese group. 3) The HDL-cholesterol were higher 4.85% in the normal group than the obese group. 4) The TG were less 13.1% in the normal group than the obese group. 5) No differences were found between two groups in muscle strength and flexibility 6) No differences were found between two groups in the peak torque of knee joint 7) The total work of the knee joints were higher in the normal group than the obese(P<.05). 8) The abdominal strength were higher 34.04% in the normal group than the obese group. 9) The flexibility of low back were higher 44.54% in the normal group than the obese group.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2020

Purpose : We aimed to investigate the effect of cranio-cervical flexion exercises(CCFE) with visual feedback(VF) on the muscle activity of the upper trapezius in forward head posture (FHP) and whether deficits in proprioception affect the changes in muscle activity. Methods : Twenty subjects with FHP were assigned to one of 2 groups according to deficits in proprioception. The muscle activity of the upper trapezius during arm movement under three exercise conditions (resting, CCFE, and VF + CCFE). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare differences in muscle activity according to the exercise conditions between the groups and to analyze the interactions between groups and conditions. Results : Significant differences were observed in muscle activity according to the exercise condition (p<.05), with no significant differences between the groups. The muscle activity of the upper trapezius was significantly different between the resting and VF +CCFE conditions (p<.05), with no significant difference between the resting and CCFE conditions (p>.05). Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the CCFE combined with VF are an effective intervention for FHP to train deep muscles selectively. In addition, the loss of proprioceptive sensation is not related to changes in muscle activity during exercises.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 1994

This study was carried out to compare serum lipid levels in 20 chronic alcoholics to those in 30 normal subjects. The mean systolic blood pressure in normals and chronic alcoholics were 113.0$\pm$16.9mmHg and 125.5$\pm$13.4mmHg, respectively. The differences between the two groups were significant(p〈0.01). The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were 158.8$\pm$32.9mg/이 and 104.6$\pm$48.8mg/이 in normals and 204.9$\pm$45.8mg/이 and 206.5$\pm$128.9mg/이 in chronic alcoholics, respectively. The differences between the two groups were significant(p〈0.001 and p〈0.01). The serum HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were 45.7$\pm$10.0mg/이 and 92.2$\pm$28.5mg/이 in normals and 46.6$\pm$19.6mg/이 and 116.7$\pm$49.8mg/이 in chronic alcoholics, respectively. The differences between the two groups were not significant. Results of this study confirms the high level of serum lipids, especially of triglyceride in chronic alcoholics.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2016

Purpose: Owing to increased life expectancy, the number of elderly patients with gastric cancer has increased. This study aimed to identify the outcomes of gastric cancer patients aged 80 years or older through comparison of their clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and oncologic outcomes. Materials and Methods: Between January 2006 and December 2013, the records of 478 patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups: patients <80 years old (n=446) and patients ${\geq}80$ years old (n=32). Results: There were no significant differences in sex, body mass index, length of hospital stay, duration of surgery, depth of invasion, nodal metastasis, histologic type, or tumor size between the two groups. However, significant differences were found for the American Society of Anesthesiologist score and the serum albumin level between the two groups. Postoperative morbidity, mortality, disease-free survival, and recurrence rate did not differ between curatively resected patients in the two groups. Conclusions: In elderly patients with gastric cancer, active treatment including radical gastrectomy is necessary.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.5789-5796
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• 2011

본 연구는 왼쪽 하퇴삼두근의 원심성 운동으로 인한 지연성 근통증에서 진동훈련의 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이전에 규칙적인 하지 운동에 참여하지 않은 21명의 신체 건강한 남녀를 대상으로 진동훈련군과 대조군으로 나누었다. 통증척도, 발목 족저굴근의 근력, 하퇴삼두근의 둘레, 혈중 CK 수치를 원심성 운동전, 24시간, 48시간, 72시간 후에 측정하였다. 통증척도는 지연성 근통증 유발 후 48시 시점에 집단 간 유의한 차이를 보였고, 측정시기에 따라 집단 내 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 족저굴근의 근력은 진동훈련 집단 간의 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 측정시기에 따라 집단 내 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 하퇴삼두근 둘레는 진동훈련 집단 간 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 측정시기에 따라 집단 내 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 혈중 CK 수치는 진동훈련 집단 간에 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 측정시기에 따라 집단 내 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 본 연구결과로 원심성 운동 전 진동훈련은 통증을 억제하는 효과가 있으므로 익숙하지 않은 활동을 하거나, 스포츠 활동에서의 지연성 근통증을 예방하기 위한 한 방법으로 제시될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.293-304
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between materialism and conspicuous consumption, and information sources. Data were administered to 357 women living in Sunchon from June to July 1999. For analysis of the data, factor analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, duncan's multiple range test, and multiple regression analysis were employed. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1) Materialism was shown to have the significant differences according to age, marriage, education, occupation, social stratification groups. The higher the education, occupational status, social stratification groups and the lower the age is, or unmarried, the higher is materialism. The use of information sources were shown to have the significant differences according to age, marriage, education, occupation, income, social stratification groups. The higher the education, income, social stratification groups. The higher the education, income, occupational status, social stratification groups and the lower the age is, or unmarried, the higher is use of information. 2) Materialism was shown to have the significant differences according to the groups of conspicuous consumption. The higher conspicuous consumption is, the higher is materialism. The use of information were shown to have the significant differences according to groups of conspicuous consumption. The higher conspicuous consumption is, the higher is use of information. 3) The use of information were shown to have the significant differences according to materialism. The higher materialism is, the higher is use of information. 4) According to the results of the regression analysis examining the relative influences of variables affecting information, the relative importance of the variables are in order of ; happiness-pursuable materialism, conspicuous consumption and their explanatory power totalled 18.6%.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2020

PURPOSE: In adults with hamstring tightness, stretching is considered a therapeutic exercise that improves flexibility. However, previous studies have reported efficacy of numerous methods, and are inconclusive in determining the most effective stretching techniques. This study aims to compare the outcomes of Evjenth-Hamberg stretching (E-HS), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNFS), and static stretching (SS), on muscle tone and flexibility. METHODS: A total of 30 subjects were assigned to each of the three stretching groups:; E-HS (n₁ = 10), PNFS (n₂ = 10), and SS (n₃ = 10). Muscle tone of the hamstring muscle, active knee extension (AKE), and passive knee extension (PKE) were assessed by range of motion. RESULTS: After the intervention, statistically significant differences were obtained between groups for muscle tone (p < .05). The post hoc test, showed statistically significant differences in muscle tone between the E-HS and PNFS groups (p < .05), and PNFS and SS groups (p < .05). Post hoc test after intervention, also revealed statistically significant differences in flexibility (p < .05) between the E-HS and PNFS groups (p < .05), E-HS and SS groups (p < .05), and PNFS and SS groups (p < .05). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was observed in PKE scores between the E-HS and SS groups (p < .05), and PNFS and SS groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that E-HS may be the most effective stretching technique for muscle tone and flexibility, in adults with hamstring tightness.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.200-210
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• 2014

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to effect oral care methods between essential oil gargling and purified water gargling for postoperative patients who had general surgery or orthopedic surgery. Methods: The postoperative patients were assigned to one of two groups. One group gargled with essential oil and the other with purified water. All group gargled three times interval 2 hours. Each patients thirst, oral condition and halitosis were assessed four times. Results: After oral care was provided once, there were significant differences in thirst level between two groups. when oral care was provided once and three times, there were significant differences in oral condition between two groups. but there were no significant differences in halitosis between two groups. Conclusion: The results show that essential oil gargling is a more effective intervention than purified water gargling for post operative patients oral care in reducing the thirst level and improving the condition of the oral cavity.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2015

PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effect of stabilization exercise with abdominal breath on Balance and Oswestry Disability Index for Low Back Pain Patients. METHODS: The subjects were 18 low back pain patients in their twenties. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental group and control group. Control group and experimental group both participated in 30 minutes of stabilization exercise for 8 weeks(5 times/week), and experimental group participated in stabilization exercise with abdominal breath. The subjects were tested balance and pain using BioRescue and Oswestry Diability Index respectively, before and after intervention. RESULTS: The experimental group showed a statistical significance in movement areas of the body's center(p<.05), but there was no significant differences between groups (p>.05). The experimental group showed a statistical significance in movement distances of the body's center with eyes open(p<.05), and there was significant differences between groups(p<.05). Both groups showed a statistical significance in ODI between pre and post test(p<.05) but there was no significant differences between groups(p>.05). CONCLUSION: As a result, the group participating in stabilization exercise with abdominal breath had a more effective improvement than the control group. Therefore, the stabilization exercise with abdominal breath may be used improving balance and pain in low back pain patients.