• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.261-274
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of food safety management support in the Center for Children's Foodservice Management (CCFSM) on foodservice facilities for children in Busan area. We assessed the status of hygiene and safety practices of institutional and non-institutional foodservice on a quarterly basis by using an inspection checklist for food hygiene and safety developed by dieticians from February to December in 2013. The subjects were 103 children's foodservices, including 37 institutional and 66 non-institutional foodservices. Inspection checklist consisted of nine categories with 39 checklists; general characteristics, personal hygiene, ingredient control, menu planning, cooking processing control, serving management, washing, disinfection and storage control, and environment and safety management. The average score of each field (pre-supporting/post-supporting) in institutional foodservice was 0.56/0.92 for personal hygiene, 0.55/0.87 for ingredient control, 0.76/0.97 for menu planning, 0.53/0.89 for processing control, 0.27/0.67 for serving management, 0.47/0.91 for washing, disinfection and storage control, and 0.61/0.91 for environment management and 0.64/0.94 for safety management. In non-institutional foodservice, the average score of each field (pre-supporting/post-supporting) was 0.49/0.80 for personal hygiene, 0.52/0.75 for ingredient control, 0.78/0.97 for menu planning, 0.42/0.76 for processing control, 0.32/0.61 for serving management, 0.57/0.88 for washing, disinfection and storage control, and 0.46/0.82 for environment management and 0.73/0.88 for safety management. The average scores of all categories (pre-supporting/post-supporting) were 0.57/0.91 in institutional foodservice and 0.53/0.82 in non-institutional foodservice. The effects of management support in CCFSM on institutional foodservice were higher than those of non-institutional foodservice. Based on these results, we found that management support in CCFSM on foodservice facilities for children had a significantly positive effect on status of hygiene and safety practice regardless of foodservice facility size.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the food and nutrient intake status and eating-out practices of college students. A dietary survey of 361 subjects living in urban areas was conducted by using a 3-day diet record method. The average ages of the male and female subjects were 22.0 and 20.6 years old, respectively. Monthly personal expenses of the male and female students were 316,517 won and 296,888 won, respectively. 43.1% of the male and 50.8% of the female students used between one-quarter and one-half of their monthly personal expenses for eating out. Sixty-five percent of the total subjects ate out more than five times a week The average daily total food intake was 1630.7g in the males and 1453.9g in the females. The average percentage of total food intake from eating out (by weight) was 60.6% in the males and 56.2% in the females; foods eaten out were mainly potatoes, meats, processed foods, and beverages. It was found that 40-65% of daily total nutrient intake came from food eaten out. When they ate out, the male students ate slightly higher amounts of protein, fat and vitamin B1, while the female students ate relatively higher amounts of animal protein, fat, vitamin A and cholesterol. The more the subjects ate out, the more the quantity of total food intake increased. This increase resulted from high intakes of beverages and processed foods in the males, while the increase was from total plant foods, mushrooms, beverages, and milk and dairy products, in the females. The dietary variety score (DVS) was significantly increased in the female subjects when they ate out more than once a day; otherwise, the DVS was not significantly different between any of the male and female groups. The intakes of energy, and of many nutrients such as protein, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium and cholesterol, were increased when the female subjects ate out more than twice a day. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was at its highest level of 0.65 in the males when they ate out less than once a day, and at its highest level of 0.67 in the females when they ate out more than twice a day.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.213-222
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• 2013

Few studies investigated the effects of nutrition education and exercises in women with osteopenia. This study examined the relationship between changes in dietary intakes and changes in indicators related to bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia (-2.5 ${\leq}$ T-score ${\leq}$ 1) after a 12-week intervention. Thirty-one postmenopausal women aged > 50 years residing in Seoul were recruited and participated in nutritional education regarding bone health and general nutrition practices and aerobic exercises (three times a week; 60 min per session). Twenty-five subjects completed the study and were eligible for the analysis. Bone mineral density (BMD) at femoral neck was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Serum calcium, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also measured. Dietary intake was estimated by using a one-day 24 recall by a clinical dietitian. After 12 weeks, meat consumption increased (P = 0.028) but vegetable intake decreased (P = 0.005). Intakes of animal protein (P = 0.024), vitamin B1 (P = 0.012) and vitamin $B_2$ (P = 0.047) increased, and sodium intake decreased (P = 0.033). Intact PTH (P = 0.002) decreased and osteocalcin (P = 0.000) increased, however, BMD decreased (P = 0.000). Changes in mushroom consumption were positively correlated with femoral neck BMD (r = 0.673, P = 0.003). Changes in animal iron intake were negatively correlated with intact PTH (r = -0.488, P = 0.013) but were positively correlated with osteocalcin (r = 0.541, P = 0.005). These results suggested that the association between animal iron intake and biochemical markers of bone turnover may play an important role in bone metabolism. Further studies are needed to shed light on complicated mechanisms of diet, hormonal levels of bone metabolism, and bone density.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

본 연구는 한국에 6개월 이상 거주하고 있는 독일인들을 대상으로 한국의 음식에 대한 관심 및 인식을 조사하여 향후 한국음식의 세계화를 위한 기초자료로 제공하고자 실시하였다. 독일인의 식습관에 대한 분석 결과에서는 전체적으로 한국 내에서 일상적으로 선호하는 음식이 한식과 자국 음식인 독일식으로 나타났고, 사회활동이 많은 남성이 여성에 비해 다양한 한국음식을 접할 기회가 많은 것으로 조사되었다. 한국음식의 직접조리현황에 있어서는 응답자의 대부분이 거의 하지 않는다고 하였다. 한국음식을 직접 조리하지 않는 이유로는 복잡한 조리방법과 레시피의 이해부족으로 나타났다. 따라서 한국음식의 세계화를 위해서는 레시피의 간편화, 표준화가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 독일인의 외식습관에 따른 한국 음식의 선호도 분석 결과는 위치적으로 식당 밀집 지역이나 도보로 갈 수 있는 곳 등이 가장 많았으며, 분위기적인 측면으로서는 조용한 분위기나 우아한 분위기를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 한국음식이 독일인, 더 넘어서 유럽인의 입맛을 사로잡기 위해서는 외국인을 위한 한국음식교육 및 적용 가능한 레서피 개발이 필요할 것이다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2024

허혈성 심장질환은 재발의 위험이 높고, 재발 시 사망률이 더욱 증가하므로, 재발 예방을 위해서 운동과 식이요법 등 건강행위의 실천이 중요하다. 관상동맥질환자의 규칙적인 운동에 대한 동기를 유발하기 위해서는 의료인의 건강행위 권고가 필요하다고 알려져 있으나, 의료인의 권고가 대상자들의 운동이행에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 연구는 드물다. 이에 의료인의 식이 및 운동 권고가 규칙적인 운동이행에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자, 2018년 7월 4일부터 2019년 7월 30일까지 서울 소재 2개 대학병원 순환기내과에 관상동맥조영술을 위해 입원한 환자 219명을 대상으로 서술적 조사 연구를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 의료인으로부터 운동이행 권고를 받은 경우(OR 3.52, p=.036), 식이이행 권고를 받은 경우(OR 6.48, p=.022), 운동자기효능감이 높은 경우(OR 1.36, p=.001), 경제 상태가 좋은 경우(OR 7.59, p=.007), 주관적인 건강 상태가 좋은 경우(OR 0.31, p=.047), 규칙적인 운동이행에 긍정적인 영향을 주었다. 따라서 의료인은 규칙적인 운동과 건강한 식이에 대해 환자 맞춤형 권고를 강화할 필요가 있고, 운동자기효능감 증진 프로그램을 개발하여 참여를 유도할 필요가 있다. 향후 의료인 권고의 정도나 방법에 따라 관상동맥질환자들의 자기 관리 실천에 미치는 영향을 파악하는 연구를 제언한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.839-850
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 한국 성인 여성에서 영양표시 사용의 특성을 파악하고 식행동과의 관련성을 분석하고자 서울 및 6대광역시 (서울 45.4%, 부산 14.0%, 대구 9.8%, 인천 11.8%, 광주 7.0%, 대전 6.9%, 울산 5.0%)의 20${\sim}$60세 성인 여성 2,073명을 대상으로 조사하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 영양표시에 대한 행동변화단계는 고려전단계 5.9%, 고려단계 35.9%, 준비단계 26.6%, 실행단계 19.0%, 유지단계 12.6%로서 영양표시 사용군은 실행 유지단계에 있는 사람들로 31.6% (654명)였고 영양표시 비사용군은 고려전 고려 준비단계에 있는 사람들로 68.4% (1,419명)였다. 2) 소득이 150만원 미만 또는 150${\sim}$300만원 미만, 고졸 이하의 경우 영양표시 비사용군이 사용군보다 유의적으로 높았고, 중반 연령 (30${\sim}$49세), 1주 1회 이상 운동자, 식이보조제 사용자의 경우 영양표시 사용군이 비사용군보다 유의적으로 높았으나 결혼, 임신 수유, 자녀, 흡연 유무에 따라서는 영양표시 사용군과 비사용군간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 스스로 질병을 자각하는 비율은 영양표시 사용군이 비사용군보다 유의적으로 높았으며 저체중군은 영양표시 비사용군이 사용군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 식품구매시 중요하게 생각하는 요인은 맛 (42.5%) > 영양 (23.6%) > 가격 (21.1%) > 편이성 (9.6%) > 분위기 (3.2%) 순이었고, 영양은 영양표시 사용군이 비사용군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 3) 영양표시 사용군은 비사용군에 비해 과잉섭취우려 성분 (나트륨, 콜레스테롤, 당, 트랜스지방)과 질병 간 관계에 대한 신념이 더 높았고, 비타민 C, 칼슘 같은 권장섭취 성분과 질병 간 관계에 대한 신념은 차이가 없었다. 건강한 식습관의 중요성에 대한 전체 대상자의 인식도는 평균 4.2 ${\pm}$ 0.8로서 모든 항목에서 높은 편이었고 영양표시 사용군이 비사용군보다 약간 높았다. 4) 식사의 질에 대한 전체 대상자의 평균 점수는 3.2 ${\pm}$ 0.8로서 영양표시 사용군은 비사용군보다 과일류, 채소류, 유류, 고기 육류 콩류, 다양한 식사섭취에 대한 식사의 질 점수와 콜레스테롤, 열량에 대한 식사의 질 점수가 유의적으로 더 높았다. 5) 전체적으로 영양표시를 사용하는 사람들은 영양표시를 사용하지 않는 사람들에 비해 식사의 질이 2배 높았다 (OR: 2.01, CI: 1.66${\sim}$2.44) (P < 0.001). 고소득이면서 영양표시를 사용하는 사람은 저소득이면서 영양표시를 사용하지 않는 사람에 비해 식사의 질이 2.5배로 좋았으며 (OR: 0.39, 0.36${\sim}$0.69) (P < 0.001). 고소득인데 영양표시를 사 용하지 않는 사람의 식사의 질은 고소득이면서 영양표시를 사용하는 사람의 1/2수준으로 낮았고 (OR: 0.56, 95% CI:0.43${\sim}$0.73), 저소득의 영양표시 사용자보다도 식사의 질이 더 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구결과 한국 성인 여성에서 영양표시 사용자는 비사용자에 비해 나트륨, 콜레스테롤, 당, 트랜스지방과 같은 과잉섭취우려 성분과 질병 간 관계에 대한 신념이 더 높고, 건강한 식습관에 대한 인식이 더 높으며 식사의 질이 더 좋음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해볼 때, 소비자가 영양표시를 이해하고 식사에의 활용성을 증가시킬 수 있도록 보다 체계적인 교육방안이 강구되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. 또한 향후 식사의 질에 미치는 영양표시 사용의 다양한 특성에 관한 연구를 비롯하여 어떤 영양표시정보가 식생활개선과 관련이 있는가 등에 대한 연구 및 영양표시와 식행동 간 인과관계를 설명할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다. 아울러, 본 연구에서 사용된 식생활진단표 등 조사방법의 타당성에 관한 연구가 추가적으로 이루어져야 하며, 영양표시 교육 및 정책 수립을 위해 국가단위에서의 소비자 조사.연구가 지속되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes among infants and toddlers with failure to thrive (FTT). Methods: This retrospective study was done with 123 patients who had visited Pusan National University Children's Hospital during their first two years of life and had received an FTT diagnosis. We compared the clinical characteristics of the patients based on the causes of their FTT and their ages at the time of first hospital visit. We investigated triggering factors, feeding practices, and outcomes in 25 patients with nonorganic FTT (NOFTT). Results: Eighty cases (65.0%) were NOFTT. The gestational ages, birth weights, and weights at the first visits were significantly lower in patients with organic FTT (OFTT) (p<0.05). Infants who had first visited the clinic at age <6 months had the least z-score. The percentage of patients with severe weight decline was higher in OFTT than in NOFTT (60.0% vs. 17.3%). The z-scores at the follow-up visits were improved after treatment in both of the groups. Preceding infection was the most common triggering factor of NOFTT and persecutory feeding as abnormal behavior of caregiver was observed in 22 cases (88.0%). After treatment with feeding method modification, all patients with NOFTT showed normal growth. Conclusion: Weight decline is more severe in OFTT patients and in younger patients at the first visit. Infants with FTT can attain normal weight gain growth by treating organic diseases and supplying proper nutrition in OFTT, and by correcting abnormal dietary behavior of caregiver in NOFTT.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop a program that allows older women to provide voluntary services for child nursing facilities, making those women have more social participation, effectively their spare time and ultimately improve the quality of their life. Results of the study can be described as follows. First, social requests about the use of older women as volunteers for child nursing services were analyzed to show that most people working at child nursing facilities perceived lack in the number of child nursing teachers. Those people recognized the need of using older women as service volunteers for the facilities. They were very positive about such use. Second, it is recommendable that volunteers of child nursing service should be not too much older women, or below 65. Voluntary activities that those women participate include taking care of younger children, reading interesting stories for children, helping works of child homes, teaching manners and living attitudes, instructing dietary etiquettes and cooking. Voluntary service activities should be made 1 to 3 times a week, 1 to 2 hours a time, considering psychological and physical states of older people. Third, such older volunteers should be educated about 6 areas, 'the operation and management of child homes, 'practices', 'child health and safety', 'the quality of child nursing', 'child development and counseling' and 'voluntary service training'. Out of these six areas, 'child health and safety' and 'voluntary service training' are more required to be instructed. such training needs to focus on activities in which older women can actually engage as volunteers. Fourth, it is advisable that the recruitment and management of such volunteers are led by the city and that the development of training programs for voluntary service activities and education of the volunteers are referred to universities.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.155-179
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the task elements categorized into required and additional man power's implemental between present and future-oriented duties of school nutrition teachers. The survey consisted of five duties, 27 tasks, 93 task elements, and 270 work details in the task elements of school nutrition teachers. A pilot-test was first conducted on nutrition teachers to confirm the survey contents, and then a main survey was performed on 240 school nutrition teachers, using a self-administrated online method, from July 16 to September 5, 2016. To compare present and future-oriented tasks, frequency analyses were conducted. Work details in the task elements were categorized into 'required' and 'additional man power's implemental', depending on school nutrition teachers' responses, based on a 50% cut-off percentage. The results showed that 13 work details among 60 work details (21.7%) in the 'Duty C. Safety and hygiene management of school foodservice', and 15 work details out of 106 work details (14.2%) in 'Duty B. Foodservice management practices' were identified as additional man power's implemental in future oriented duties. As to 'Duty A. Nutrition management', only three work details among 55 work details (5.5%) were identified as additional man power's implemental. On the other hand, all work details in 'Duty D. Nutrition diet education and counseling and 'Duty E. Reinforce professionalism' were identified as "required" as school nutrition teachers' duties. These findings imply that school nutrition teachers perceive nutrition management and education as their primary duties to the fulfill school foodservice' mission of promoting students' health and fostering students' dietary behaviors. The study offers practical and governmental implications, which can encourage school nutrition teachers to perform their primary duties.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.417-425
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of nutrition label use and its association with demographic, weight control related factors, and diet among female adults in the Seoul area. Also, the study subjects' comprehension of nutrition labels was examined using objective measures. 279 females, between ages of 20 and 49, participated in this study. 66% of the participants reported to always or often use nutrition labels when purchasing foods. Nutrition label use was significantly higher among participants who were interested in losing weight and have more knowledge on nutrition, but significantly lower among subjects who were underweight (p < 0.05). Label users had higher fruit consumption and lower intake of fatty foods and snacks (p < 0.01). Only 20% of participants answered correctly regarding questions about the total amount of calories and fats contained in the entire food package tested, and only 15% answered correctly on questions about understanding of the % daily value. Comprehension of nutrition labels were significantly lower among participants who were less educated, underweight, and married (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study suggests that proper use of nutrition labels may improve food choices and enable healthy dietary practices. Further efforts are needed to provide public a nutrition education program on how to read nutrition labels. Modifications of nutrition labels to make it easier to understand by the public should also be considered.