Korean Journal of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Community Nutrition (대한지역사회영양학회)
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The Association between Changes in Food and Nutrient Intakes and Changes in Bone Metabolic Indicators in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia after a 12-week Intervention of Nutrition Education and Aerobic Exercise

폐경 후 골감소증 여성에 대한 12주간의 영양교육과 운동 중재 전.후 식품 및 영양소 섭취량 변화와 골밀도 지표 변화와의 관계

  • Kim, Seo-Jin (Department of Foodservice Management and Nutrition, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Kang, Suh-Jung (Department of Sports Science, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Park, Yoon Jung (Department of Nutrition Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Hwang, Ji-Yun (Nutrition Education Major, Graduate School of Education, Sangmyung University)
  • 김서진 (상명대학교 외식영양학과) ;
  • 강서정 (상명대학교 스포츠건강과학과) ;
  • 박윤정 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 황지윤 (상명대학교 교육대학원 영양교육전공)
  • Received : 2013.01.18
  • Accepted : 2013.05.20
  • Published : 2013.06.30
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Abstract

Few studies investigated the effects of nutrition education and exercises in women with osteopenia. This study examined the relationship between changes in dietary intakes and changes in indicators related to bone health in postmenopausal women with osteopenia (-2.5 ${\leq}$ T-score ${\leq}$ 1) after a 12-week intervention. Thirty-one postmenopausal women aged > 50 years residing in Seoul were recruited and participated in nutritional education regarding bone health and general nutrition practices and aerobic exercises (three times a week; 60 min per session). Twenty-five subjects completed the study and were eligible for the analysis. Bone mineral density (BMD) at femoral neck was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Serum calcium, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were also measured. Dietary intake was estimated by using a one-day 24 recall by a clinical dietitian. After 12 weeks, meat consumption increased (P = 0.028) but vegetable intake decreased (P = 0.005). Intakes of animal protein (P = 0.024), vitamin B1 (P = 0.012) and vitamin $B_2$ (P = 0.047) increased, and sodium intake decreased (P = 0.033). Intact PTH (P = 0.002) decreased and osteocalcin (P = 0.000) increased, however, BMD decreased (P = 0.000). Changes in mushroom consumption were positively correlated with femoral neck BMD (r = 0.673, P = 0.003). Changes in animal iron intake were negatively correlated with intact PTH (r = -0.488, P = 0.013) but were positively correlated with osteocalcin (r = 0.541, P = 0.005). These results suggested that the association between animal iron intake and biochemical markers of bone turnover may play an important role in bone metabolism. Further studies are needed to shed light on complicated mechanisms of diet, hormonal levels of bone metabolism, and bone density.

Keywords

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