• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-159
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether a mobile health (mhealth) intervention is effective in reducing weight and changing dietary behavior among employees with overweight and obesity. The study also investigated whether engagement with the intervention affected its effectiveness. Methods: The intervention involved the use of a dietary coaching app, a wearable device for monitoring physical activity and body composition, and a messenger app for communicating with participants and an intervention manager. A total of 235 employees were recruited for a 12-week intervention from eight workplaces in Korea. Questionnaire surveys, anthropometric measurements, and 24-h dietary recalls were conducted at baseline and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, significant decreases in the mean body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference were observed. Furthermore, the consumption frequencies of multigrain rice and legumes significantly increased, whereas those of pork belly, instant noodles, processed meat, carbonated beverages, and fast food significantly decreased compared with those at baseline. The mean dietary intake of energy and most nutrients also decreased after the intervention. When the participants were categorized into three groups according to their engagement level, significant differences in anthropometric data, dietary behaviors, and energy intake were observed following the intervention, although there were no differences at baseline, indicating that higher engagement level led to greater improvements in weight loss and dietary behavior. Conclusions: The intervention had positive effects on weight loss and dietary behavior changes, particularly among employees with higher engagement levels. These results indicate the importance of increasing the level of engagement in the intervention to enhance its effectiveness. The mhealth intervention is a promising model for health promotion for busy workers with limited time.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.712-716
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) on the blood glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups fed control, sea tangle powder (15%, w/w), or sea tangle water extract (4%, w/w) diet. Diabetes was induced by a single injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p.) in citrate buffer. The animals were fed each of the experimental diet for 13 weeks. Serum insulin was increased by dietary supplementation of sea tangle in diabetic rats. Dietary sea tangle reduced blood glucose level of diabetic rats compared to the diabetic rats fed control diet. Dietary sea tangle also reduced the serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and triglyceride in the diabetic rats. While hepatic lipids were reduced, fecal excretion of lipids was increased by supplementation with dietary sea tangle in the diabetic rats. These results indicate that dietary sea tangle decreased blood glucose and improved lipid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats and this effect might be exerted by increases in serum insulin and fecal excretion of lipids.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2013

Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is a by-product of beer manufacturing. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber extracts from brewer's spent grain on quality characteristics of chicken patties. The total fiber content of BSG dietary fiber extracts after extraction increased from 58.11% to 68.57%, and the extracted dietary fiber extracts were added to chicken patties at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%, respectively. The effects of the BSG dietary fiber extracts on pH, color, cooking loss, reduction in patty diameter, salt-soluble protein solubility, texture, and sensory characteristics of chicken patties were evaluated. The addition of BSG dietary fiber extracts decreased pH and lightness values, and increased redness and yellowness. Chicken patties formulated with 3-4% BSG dietary fiber extracts had the lowest cooking loss among all treatments (p<0.05). The diameter of chicken patties was not affected by the addition of BSG dietary fiber extracts. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in salt-soluble protein solubility after adding 3% BSG dietary fiber extracts compared to that in the control. Textural and sensory properties were different among the chicken patties, and the 3% BSG dietary fiber-added chicken patty had the highest acceptability. Our results indicate that 3% BSG dietary fiber extract can be used as a good source of dietary fiber for improving the quality characteristics of chicken patties.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.419-429
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary habits and assess the dietary intake of preschool children. Food habit, preference and nutritional supplement status were investigated using a questionnaire answered by the mothers of 453 subjects aged 3 to 6 years old. Also, a dietary intake survey using a 24-hour recall method was performed by mothers of the children. It was found that 81.2% of subjects had milk, dairy products, cookies, fruit and bread between meals once or twice per day. As well, 60.3% of subjects had an unbalanced diet and 20.7% had an overeating habit. Thus, unbalanced diet was a serious problem for many of the subjects. Due to weight controls, digestion problems and allergies, 11.7% of subjects had special dietary consideration. And 26.4% of subjects were using nutritional supplements. From the 24-recall survey, it was found that all nutrient intakes were higher than the Korean RDA except calcium and vitamin A. Nutrient intakes for protein, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin B2 were significantly different by sex, and also increased with age but not significantly. Children received 35% of daily energy, 44% of daily fat and 52% of daily calcium from snacks, so snacks clearly play an important role in dietary intake. The average number of foods consumed per day by subjects was 17.6 and that dishes was 11.0. Most children consumed 4 or 5 food groups per day. In conclusion, the dietary intake of children aged 3 to 6 were deemed adequate judging from nutrient intake and dietary diversity. More attention should be paid to the nutritional value of snacks in this age group.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of teachers, who are in charge of actual education of nutrition knowledge and dietary habits for students, of the elementary schools. Five hundred male and female teachers, who attended the programs for teacher's qualification of 1st and 2nd grades and function education during summer vacations, were surveyed using of questionnaire at Jeollabuk-do Educational Training Institute. A lot of teachers have had undesirable dietary habits. The most frequently(65.4%) used sources of nutrition knowledge were mass media such as TV, radio, magazines and newspapers, About 93% of teachers recognized nutrition education for the students, and 75.6% of them answered that their dietary habits may have an influence on students' dietary habits. Or, teachers' nutrition knowledge level was found to be low in general. The improvement of dietary habits and their nutrition knowledge of the teachers are very important because their dietary habits and nutrition knowledge have an influence on formation of students' dietary habits.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 1994

Recent epidemological observations suggested beneficial effects of dietary fiber on man's health. With the increased emphasis placed on the requirement for dietary fiber in the diet, there has been greater interest in successfully incorporating dietary fiber into food products. Hence, in this study, several dietary fibers such as cellulose, pectin, rice bran, barley bran and job's tears bran were incorporated into julpyun to determine their effects on some physical properties and sensory characteristics. Difference of water binding capacity(WBC) was found among dietary fiber sources. The WBC of pectin was highest and that of job's tears bran was lowest. The moisture contents of julpyun were increased as WBC of added dietary fiber sources was higher. In the rheometer measurement for julpyun added with dietary fiber, hardness of julpyuns added with cellulose and pectin was low. But, hardness of julpyun added cellulose was increased rapidly during storage at 4$^{\circ}C$. Springiness and gumminess wereshowed similar aspects to hardness. In the retrogradation speed by Avrami equation, the rate constant of julpyun added barley bran was low ao retrogradation occurred slowly. The results of sensory evaluation, julpyun added no dietary fiber showed good overall preference. Overall preference in sensory evaluation showed positive correlation with the after-swallowing and color.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.742-752
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to offer information related to recommended dietary allowances for young children and food guidelines for preschool children in Sweden. Sweden, located in Europe, is the most developed country for young child care system. Swedish nutrition policy background, Swedish recommended dietary allowances for young children, and food guidelines of early childhood education center in Sweden were used. The number of Swedish child care centers increased from 70,000 in 1970 to 700,000 in 2000. The Swedish Institute of Public Health promoted children's indoor and outdoor activity. The aim of the Swedish public health contains children's safety, good food habits, and eating food safely. Swedish Food Administration made recommended dietary allowance and food guidelines for children care centers. The aim of food guidelines was to increase energy, calcium, iron, and dietary fiber intake. Swedish RDA contains minimum and maximum intake as well as mean intake for macro and micro nutrients. The fat intake ratio of energy is increased for younger children. For preschool children, the food guideline is determined by dietary allowances for breakfast, lunch, and snack respectively. Food guideline contains meal time schedule, menu for each meal using food model, amount of food for age group, and recommended dietary allowance for each meal. It is recommended for Korean early childhood education center: 1) Korean RDA for young children should be made range of intake, minimum and maximum intake. 2) Food guideline should be make for Korean child care center. 3) Korean child care centers should offer an afternoon snack twice for children who return home late. 4) Nutrition education program for preschool teachers should be developed for children's good eating habits and health promotion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 2013

Korean culinary culture is traditionally studied through the analysis of foods ingested. However, this study attempts to dialectically reinterpret Korean culinary culture through its relationship to Korean literature. In our study we consider culinary culture prior to the development of scientific techniques and economic growth related to food as "dietary lifestyle of the innocent world" and time since then as "the dietary lifestyle of the experience world". The former represents a simple means of survival without food processing (the "slow food" world), while the latter represents the "fast food" or processed food culture as a modern concept. People living in the age of economic growth and overflowing individualism have lacked an organic life and an opportunity to commune with nature. As a result, they have returned to values of the past, seeking the "slow food" culture to benefit their individual health. A series of return processes, however, were transformed into "the dietary life style of the higher innocence," called "a well-being dietary life style" involving a new healthy conception passing through the dietary life style of the experience world. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the dietary lifestyles of the "innocent" world and the "experience" world based on dialectic concepts. Individual concepts of "thesis" and "antithesis" are applied, as well as the developmental concept of "synthesis" for the way both symbolic worlds changed to "the dietary lifestyle of the higher innocence" and formed complementary relationships to each other.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.365-374
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• 1997

Due to the continuous change of socio-economic circumstances and dietary pattern, the need to change recommended dietary allowances and the basic food groups has been required. Consequently, there have been six revisions of the Korea RDAs, the national recommanded dietary allowances. I reviewed the six sequences of revisions concerning the basic food groups. Up to the fifth revision, the ranks of the basic food groups were based upon the dietary needs of the people of the perspective era. However, in the sixth revision, there was no rank associated with the food groups, but the food groups were portrayed in a food composition tower that explained their importance and their necessary consumption amounts. I could indirectly observe the dietary pattern of each era by analyzing the basic food groups and the representative foods of each food group. I also studied information of pictorial representations of the basic food groups and compared the items of the representative foods with nutrient analysis table. By observing nutrient analysis table, I analyzed whether the clarified representative foods of the basic food groups are indeed foods that were eaten frequently by people daily.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.477-494
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• 2022

This study investigated the potential role of dietary factors associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Koreans. The scoping review method was used to evaluate the studies that utilized the secondary data sets comprising the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Articles published between 2012 and 2022 were identified using RISS, KISS, DBpia, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. In all, there were 32 published articles on obesity and 119 on MetS. Obesity research included eight articles on nutrients, 12 on food items/food groups, two on dietary patterns, nine on dietary behavior/eating habits, and one on the dietary index. MetS studies comprised 34 articles on nutrients, 43 on food items/food groups, seven on dietary patterns, 25 on dietary behavior/eating habits, and 10 on the dietary index. Carbohydrates, alcohol, and coffee consumption were the most frequently studied dietary factors for obesity and MetS. The primary areas of study were largely focused on nutrients and food items/food groups. Thus, to overcome the paucity of information on the relationship of dietary patterns and dietary indexes with obesity and MetS, there is a need for further research using the KNHANES and KoGES data sets.