• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9543-9547
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate demographic features, dietary habits, and some possible risk factors for being susceptible to breast cancer in Iranian women. Materials and Methods: A study of dietary habits and breast cancer was conducted among 53 Iranian women with histological confirmed disease and 40 matched controls. A dietary habits questionnaire was used to evaluate the pattern of selected food intakes. The risk of cancer was analyzed after adjustment for confounding factors. Age, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, educational status, parity, lactation, marital status, menopause, history of estrogen therapy, and family history of breast disease or cancer were assessed among participants. Special attention was given to the relationship between consumption of high fat meat, milk, yogurt and cheese as well use of frying oils for frying foods, use of olive/liquid oils for cooking, removing fat from meat and poultry, removing chicken skin and not use of mayonnaise as salad dressing and the risk of breast cancer. Moreover, salad, vegetable and fruit consumption, and eating outdoors owere investigated. Results: Our results revealed significant lower education and higher BMI and waist circumference levels in patients with breast cancer. There was significantly increased breast cancer risk in overweight women in comparison with normal weight (OR=2.91, 95%CI 1.24 to 6.82). High intake of fat dairy products including milk and cheese was found to be a statistically significant factor for increasing breast cancer risk in models adjusting for age, BMI and education. Use of olive/liquid oils for cooking and avoidance of mayonnaise as salad dressing are related to lower risk of breast cancer. The frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption was significantly lower in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy women. Conclusions: Dietary habits might be risk factors for breast cancer among Iranian women. Adoption of a prudent diet could be an appropriate strategy for preventing breast cancer.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2006

본 연구는 산란계의 생산성과 계란의 품질에 미치는 지렁이 분말(EWM)의 첨가 효과를 구명하기 위해서 실시되었다. 총 360수의 55주령의 산란계를 공시하여서 EWM 0(대조구), 0.3, 0.6%를 첨가한 사료로 5주 동안의 사양 시험을 실시하였다. 계란은 매일 수집하여 난중을 측정하였고 산란율 및 사료 요구율은 시험기간 동안 매주 단위로 조사하였다. 뿐만 아니라 시험 마지막 주에는 계란의 품질도 측정하였다. 산란율과 일일 평균 산란량은 EWM 0.3 및 0.6% 급여 모두 대조구에 비해서 증가하는 경향이 인정되었지만, 0.3 % 와 0.6%처리구간에는 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 한편 사료 섭취량과 사료 요구율은 처리구간에 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 난각 두께, 강도, 색 및 난황색은 EWM 0.3 및 0.6% 처리구 모두 대조구와 비교해서 개선되는 경향이 인정되었다. 산란 1일째, haugh unit는 처리구간에 차이는 인정되지 않았지만, 보관기간에 따른 haugh unit의 변화는 EWM 급여구에서 커졌다. 지렁이분말(EWM)중의 As, Cd, Cr, Hg 및 Pb는 각각 4.41, 1.23, 1.18, 0.00 및 3.39ppm검출되었지만, 계란중에는 검출되지 않았다. 결론적으로 55주령의 산란계에 0.3%지렁이 분말(EWM)의 첨가는 산란계의 생산성 및 계란의 품질을 개선시킬 가능성이 인정된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.7831-7836
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to assess the general knowledge of CRC in individuals living in Rasht, Iran, using a population-based cross-sectional telephone survey. Materials and Methods: A total of 1557 participants between 18 and 80 years of age were interviewed using random sampling from the telephone directory. Knowledge of risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention of CRC was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The mean knowledge level of the 1,557 respondents (average age 46 y) was $13.5{\pm}4.29$ (maximum possible score = 26), and 46.4% (722/1,557) of the subjects achieved grades lower than the mean score. The mean scores for knowledge of symptoms and risk factors were $3.97{\pm}1.83$ (range: 0-7) and $5.17{\pm}1.65$ (range: 0-9), respectively. Older age, higher education, and employment were significantly associated with better scores for recognition of risk factors and warning symptoms. The majority of subjects correctly identified weight loss (70.2%; 1,093/1,557) and rectal bleeding (63.3%; 986/1,557) as symptoms of CRC, and that smoking (85.9%; 1,337/1,557) and a low-fiber diet (73.4%; 1,143/1,557) were risk factors. Approximately half of the subjects noted increasing age, genetic background and fried food as other risk factors. A considerable number (54.8%; 853/1,557) identified colonoscopy as a screening method for detecting CRC in asymptomatic patients. However, a third of the subjects in the target group for screening (${\geq}50y$) were not interested in undergoing screening, primarily due to a lack of symptoms. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the knowledge of CRC is poor among the public, and therefore greater attempts should be made to increase awareness. Public education emphasizing the risk factors and symptoms of CRC, as well as the importance of regular screening regardless of the presence of symptoms, may help to reduce CRC morbidity and mortality.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.147-168
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• 2005

It examined the doubt point which AED motive relates until now, the AED should have bought a life how, present address of our country site pre-hospital care, comparison it tried to observe the advanced nation instance back. Gist of this research the AED important cold region once compared to informed to how many cardiac arrest patient, against him the what kind of preparation wanted informing the necessary cold region. It soaks simultaneously but the AED motive is widely supplied distant in future and it is generality and it is feeble but it wanted doing one morning. The habit difference of an American who does of course meat diet mainly and a Korean is many and it compares in the United States and the cardiac arrest patient comparison occurs holds a point few. To become Western anger but and be caused by with thin dietary life, stanching bleeding cung, with the fact that the heart attack is increasing rapidly with the hyperextension. It is a talk which anyone it knows all. The major league most Choi huy Sub in condition will catch the ball which floats and the multi co-player and to collide when falling down, the medical device which is committed with emergency aid is AED motive. From the United States subway station and the shopping which are a public place on the baseball field outside the jar which it will drive, the museum and the school, easily there is it will be able to discover the AED from the court of justice back. The Pittsburg university the students per the individual $30 the core phyey were receiving the smallness lifestyle alcoholic beverage and a AED motive actual training with mercy of degree. From the United States distant in future the AED motive is sold even from the retail store and. From our country like this plan government offices temporary disposal education from from 119 fire fighters emergency structure company in fire fighting government employee and nursing must magnify a former enterprise rainy spell in summer multi temporary disposal education with the head which it will burn with the head. This plan in early rising will be able to become fixed in Korea it forecasts with the fact that. The research which it sees it leads and like the United States to some day become fixed even from our country to believe and suspicion it is not and in the people in approach ease one AED supply plan fire fighting government employees stand in the first and feed with the fact that must be positive at this enterprise they become.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.283-290
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• 2015

Purpose: The aims of this case-control study were to assess the correlation between some food habits in the last two decades and gastric cancer in East Azerbaijan of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based case control study, 616 patients (212 gastric cancer patients, 404 cancer free patients) were recruited. Food habits of patients over the past two decades were assessed with a structured questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression analysis for estimating crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: In this study, over-eating, consumption of high fat milk and yogurt and especial types of cheese increased the risk of gastric cancer (All<0.05). Consumption of such especial cheeses such as Koze and Khiki increased the risk of gastric cancer by 12.6 fold (95% CI:1.99-79.36) and 7.36 fold (95% CI:1.33-40.54), respectively. In addition, high fat food, moldy food, and pickled vegetables consumption as well as reuse of cooking oil for frying were significantly associated with gastric cancer risk. Furthermore, intake of Ghorme (deep fried meat) was positively correlated with gastric cancer risk (OR:1.31;95%CI: 0.91-1.87). Conclusions: It can be confirmed that particular food habits which have been very common in East-Azerbaijan in the last two past decades increase risk of gastric cancer. According to our results and taking into account the long latency period of gastric cancer it can be concluded that nutrition education for a healthy diet should be performed from early childhood. However, further well designed cohort studies are needed to achieve more clear results.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.146-157
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• 2009

Korean diet is high in plant foods but also high in salted vegetables. World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) recommends consumption of fruits and vegetables excluding salted vegetables for prevention cancer. This study aimed to analyze relations between intakes of salted and non-salted vegetables and socioeconomic factors, providing a data for targeted groups in promotion of fruits and vegetables consumption. Dietary and socioeconomic status data of the 5,400 subjects over 30 years of age from the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANESIII) were used. Dietary intake data from KNHANESIII was obtained by one day 24-hour recall method. Mean daily intakes of salted vegetables, non-salted vegetables and fruits of subjects were 151 g, 237 g, and 71 g respectively. Mean daily intake of salted vegetables was significantly higher in men than women for daily amount (173 g vs. 133 g) as well as percentage of total food intake (9.9% vs. 9.6%). Subjects living in rural area consumed more salted vegetables. Salted vegetables as percent of total food were lower in subjects with higher education levels (p < 0.001). Intakes of non-salted vegetables were significantly affected by age and gender. Intake levels of fruit were significantly higher in younger groups, in females, and subjects with higher income and education levels (p < 0.05). Average intake of fruits and non-salted vegetables was 307 g, lower than WCRF recommended level of 400 g for personal guideline. Intake of salted vegetables was positively correlated with sodium intake (Pearson's correlation coefficient, r = 0.43) but less so with potassium (r = 0.16) and other micronutrients intake (r < 0.1). On the other hand, non-salted vegetables had higher correlations with potassium (r = 0.45), carotene (r = 0.38), vitamin A (r = 0.37), iron (r = 0.34) and low for sodium (r = 0.13). Fruits intake was highly correlated with vitamin C intake (r = 0.46). Proportion of subjects satisfying WCRF personal guideline of fruits and non-salted vegetables was 25.7%. Results of this study indicate that intake of salted vegetable is considerably high among Koreans, and it is highly correlated with sodium intake and less so with other micronutrients.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.313-320
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• 2014

본 연구는 약쑥의 기능성 성분인 jaceosidin이 제1형 당뇨병에서 혈당과 체내 항산화 상태에 미치는 영향를 조사하고자 실시되었다. jaceosidin을 식이에 농도별(0.005%, 0.02%)로 혼합시켜 준비하였으며, 실험 동물은 C57BL/6J 5주령 수컷 마우스를 사용하여 정상군(Normal)과 당뇨군으로 나눈 뒤 당뇨군의 마우스는 5일간 streptozotocin (55 mg/kg bw)을 복강으로 주사하여 당뇨를 유발하였다. 당뇨군은 당뇨대조군(D-Control), jaceosidin 0.005% 섭취군(D-0.005%), jaceosidin 0.02% 섭취군(D-0.02%)으로 나누어 사육하였다. 8주간의 식이 섭취 결과, 당뇨군의 체중이 Normal과 비교하여 유의적으로 감소되었고, 식이효율은 유의적으로 낮아졌으며, jaceosidin의 섭취는 당뇨로 인한 체중 및 식이효율 저하에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 제1형 당뇨시 jaceosidin의 섭취가 장기 무게와 간 기능에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 공복 혈당은 D-0.005%가 D-Control과 비교하여 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 농도의존적은 경향은 보이지 않았다. 당부하검사에서는 당뇨군이 normal에 비해 혈당과 AUC 값이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으나, jaceosidin 섭취에 의한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 인슐린 내성검사 결과에서는 D-0.02%가 당뇨 대조군보다 AUC값이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Jaceosidin의 섭취가 당뇨병로 인한 산화적 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 측정한 결과, jaceosidin의 섭취가 과산화지질 생성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 항산화효소인 GSH-px의활성은 D-Control과 비교하여 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, jaceosidin은 제1형 당뇨병시 간의 항산화 효소계를 활성화 시킴으로써 공복혈당을 낮추고, 인슐린민감성을 증가시키는 것으로 생각되는 바 당뇨병이나 당뇨로 인한 합병증 예방 및 치료에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.701-711
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• 2000

본 연구는 우리나라의 식생활에 적절한 영양 평 가 방법을 제시하는데 기여하고자 하는 목적으로, 경북지역에 거주하는 성인 남녀 196명을 대상으로 24시간 회상법을 통해 개인별 영양소 섭취상태를 조사한 후 영양상태를 질적, 양 적으로 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 경북지역 성인 남녀의 일일 평균 영양소 섭취량은 비교적 양호한 편이나, 칼슘과 비타민 A에서 영양 권장량보다 적은 83%, 77%를 섭취했으며, 칼슘을 제외한 모든 영양소에서 남자의 평균 섭취량이 여자의 평균 섭취량보다 많았다. INQ로 살펴본 영양소 섭취의 질적 평가는 비타민 C가 2.39로 가장 높게 나왔으며, 비타민 A가 0.84, 칼슘이 0.89의 점수를 보여 Ca과 비타민 A는 양과 질 측면에서 우려되는 것으로 조사되었다. 평균 영양소 적정도는 남자가 0.88, 여자가 0.86으로 남녀 간에 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취량과 각 용니과의 상관관계에서 남자의 경우에는 영양소 섭취량과 유의 한 관계를 나타내는 요인으로서 지방과 연령 사이에만 유의한 양의 관계가 나타난 반면 여 자의 경우에는 나이, 식사 섭취 횟수는 대부분의 영양소에서 유의적인 양의 상관관계를 보 였다. 남자는 가계 총수입이 높을수록 식사 중의 비타민 B2 영양밀도가 높았으며 여자의 경 우에는 INQ 중에서 인(p<0.050)과 철분(p<0.05)이 연령과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. MAR은 여자의 경우에 한하여 연령(p<0.05)과 양의 상관관계를, 학력(p<0.01)과 유의적인 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 하루식사횟수(p<0.001)와도 유의한 양의 관계를 나타내었다. 이 상을 종합해 볼 때 경북지역에 거주하는 성인의 경우 남자가 여자에 비해 영양섭취상태가 전반적으로 양호하다고 할 수 있으며 여자 20대의 경우에 영양섭취가 가장 저조하였고 특히 칼슘과 비타민 A의 섭취가 부족하였다. 이연령층은 임신, 출산과 연결되는 영양취약집단이 므로 이들을 대상으로 규칙적인 식사의 중요성과 다양한 식품의 섭취를 홍보하는 영양교육 이 보건소를 통해 강화되어야 하리라고 보여진다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.141-154
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide the information of the aged olds for which basic data are almost no available. The subjects were divided on the base of age 75. The elderly under 75 were named 'the young olds' and over 75 were 'the aged olds'. The aim of this research is to promote health and to improve nutrition, and the survey was made for health promotion behaviors, habits against health risk, dietary management status and diet intake. And it was conducted by 24 hr-recall method and analyzed by nutrients intake. 242 subjects were collected in 12 cities or counties in Gyeonggi Province and 20 elderly people (10 male and 10 female) were selected out of 1 village in each district. Questionnaire about health behavior and dietary management was carried out by interview method through regional home extension workers. Statistical analyses were made by SAS (version 8.1) and Chi-square tests and General Linear Models were used. Out of the subjects the aged olds over 75 was 31.9%, elementary school educated (93.5%), with spouse (40.3%), with adult children(28.6%), monthly living cost of 500-1,000 thousand won(40.3%). Mean age was 78.82 years compared with 69.75 years of the young olds. 46.8% of the aged olds used monthly pocket money over 1000 won and it was lower than 63.3% of the young olds. Only half of the aged olds had regular exercise of walking (77.8%) or with athletic equipment (17.8%). However, the young olds did more frequent walking (82.1 %) and less exercise with athletic equipment (4.8 %), which was significantly different. Kinds of disease were different with the young or the aged olds, as more proportion of cardiovascular disease(37.9%) for the young olds and joint lumbago neuralgia(41.6%) for the aged olds. Dietary management was good (3 meals per day: 93.4%, fixed mealtime: 72.4%, and regular amount: 79.9%). But there was significant difference in side dish varieties and kinds of snacks; for the aged olds only 8% had over 5 sorts (compared with 18.8% of the young olds) and the kinds of snacks were cookie, candy, juice, carbonated beverage for the aged olds (compared with noodle, milk, soybean-milk for young olds). The ratio of nutrients intake (energy, riboflavin and niacin) with RDA was significantly higher for the aged olds than that of the young olds. The surveyed subjects had no difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), but some of the aged olds had difficulties in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) like housekeeping, using transportation, going shopping and making phone calls. These results suggest that low quality of life is linked with low economic status of the rural elderly and congregate meal at village hall would be required because of the lack of side dishes variety for the aged olds. And nutrition education program about good snacks and exercise practice would be needed for the aged olds. By operating nutrition education program the aged olds would enjoy better quality life maintaining or ameliorating IADL abilities.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the results of salty taste assessment, dietary attitudes, and dietary behaviors among adult and senior women by region and by age. The results generated from this was expected to provide fundamental data for implementing a nationwide salt reduction education program. Methods: The salty taste assessment tool was applied to 4,064 subjects from 15 areas in Korea. Also, a survey of dietary attitude and dietary behavior related to salt intake was conducted for all subjects participated in this study. Results: The salty taste assessment scores by region and by age were the lowest in capital (p < 0.01) and was highest among the 70+ year age group (p < 0.01). The dietary attitude scores and dietary behavior scores showed that Gyeongsang was the highest (p < 0.001) and the capital was the lowest. The dietary attitude scores were highest at 20&30's followed by 40's and 70's group (p < 0.001). Dietary behavior scores showed that 20's~30's and 40's groups were higher than the other age groups (p < 0.001). The score of 'I like kimchi' was $3.46{\pm}0.88$, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions. The score of 'I eat a lot of kimchi' was $3.30{\pm}0.90$, which was the highest among 10 dietary behavior questions related to salt intake. The scores of salty taste assessment had significant positive correlations between the scores of dietary attitude (p < 0.001), dietary behavior (p < 0.001) and self-awareness (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the results of salty taste assessment, we observed a tendency that older people and regions except the capital had higher preference for salty taste. Our results suggested the necessity for a nationwide salty reduction education program tailored for regions and for different age groups.