• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 도시 저소득층 여성을 대상으로 비만 및 영양소 섭취 부족과 관련된 사회경제적 요인을 분석하고자 했다. 대상자는 저소득층 가구를 대상으로 한 무료건강검진센터를 방문한 여성 중 연구 참여에 동의한 $41{\sim}87$세 125명의 여성이었다. 대상자들의 72%가 초등학교 이하의 교육, 70%가 50만원 미만의 수입, 68%가 집을 소유하지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자들을 65세 미만, 이상으로 나누어 봤을 때 65세 미만군의 비만유병율은 BMI (${\geq}\;25kg/m^2$) 기준으로 44%, WHR (${\geq}$ 0.85) 기준으로 48%, 허리둘레 (${\geq}$ 80 cm) 기준으로 50%이었다. 65세 이상군에서 는 이보다 높아 BMI (${\geq}\;25\;kg/m^2$) 기준 57%, WHR (${\geq}$ 0.85) 기준 81%, 허리둘레 (${\geq}$ 80 cm) 기준으로 79%였다. 대상자는 주로 채소류, 곡류, 과일류를 많이 섭취했다. 모든 대상자에서 열량 및 영양소 섭취 상태는 대체적으로 불량했고 특히 65세 이상 노인에서 더욱 불량한 것으로 나타나 여자노인에서 EAR을 충족시키지 못하는 비율은 철을 제외한 모든 영양소에서 50% 이상이었다. 대부분의 대상자들의 영양소 섭취량은 RI 수준에 미치지 못했고 그러한 사람의 비율은 65세 미만의 경우 단백질과 Vitamin $B_6$ 제외한 65세 이상에서는 모든 영양소에서 50% 이상이었다. 65세 미만에서는 비만 및 영양불량과 사회경제적 지표와의 관련성이 없었다. 그러나 65세 이상에서 비만의 경우 수입과 영양불량의 경우 학력과 집소유 여부와 관련이 있었다. 따라서, 65세 이상에서 연령을 보정한 후에, 사회경제적 수준에 따른 비만 및 영양부족의 위험도를 살펴본 결과, BMI 기준 비만의 위험도 (OR = 12.601; 95% CI = 2.338-67.911)와 WC 기준 복부 비만의 위험도(OR = 4.778; 95% CI = 1.103-20.696)는 월평균 가구 수입 50만원 미만인 군에서 그 이상인 군보다 높았다. 영양섭취불량의 경우, 교육 수준이 낮은 사람들 (무학)에게서 Vitamin A (OR = 4.555; 95% CI = 1.491-13.914)를 EAR보다 적게 섭취할 위험이 높았고 자기 집을 소유하지 않은 사람의 경우, 단백질 (OR = 3.660; 95% CI = 1.118-11.981), 인 (OR = 3.428; 95% CI = 1.157-10.158), 철분 (OR = 3.765; 95% CI = 1.205-11.766)섭취가 EAR보다 부족할 위험이 집을 소유한 사람들보다 높았다. 저소득층 노인여성에서 사회경제적 수준은 비만 (소득수준) 및 영양불량 [교육수준 (Vitamin A), 자가집 소유 여부(단백질, 인, 철)] 위험과 관련이 있는 것으로 보여진다. 따라서 이러한 여성들의 비만 및 영양불량을 예방하기 위한 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.204-210
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• 1999

목 적: 소아암 환자들을 대상으로 항암치료 전후의 영양상태를 평가하고, 항암 치료기간 중 발생하는 식욕부진시에 섭취량 및 기호 식품을 조사함으로써 향후 이들 환자의 보다 나은 영양관리를 위한 지침을 마련하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법: 1996년 1월부터 1998년 12월까지 동아대학교병원 소아과에서 백혈병 및 소아암으로 진단받고 항암 치료를 시작하는 환자 20명을 대상으로 하였다. 이들 환자의 항암 치료 전과 21일 후의 영양상태 평가를 위하여 인체 계측과 생화학적 검사(총 단백질, 알부민, AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine)를 시행하였다. 항암 치료 기간중 식욕저하 기간과 원인 및 평소에 선호하는 식품과 치료 후에 선호하는 식품에 관한 기호도를 설문조사하였다. 결 과: 1) 대상 환자는 남아 10명, 여아 10명이었으며, 연령은 3세에서 15세로 정중 연령이 6세이었다. 질환별로는 급성 림프구성 백혈병 11명, 비호지킨 림프종 2명, 조직구증식증 2명, 읠름씨 종양 2명, 뇌종양 2명, 횡문근 육종 1명이었다. 2) 항암 치료를 받는 동안 체중 감소가 있었던 경우가 8명 (40%), 체중 증가가 있었던 경우가 5명(25%), 체중의 변화가 없었던 경우가 7명 (35%)이었다. 3) 항암 치료를 받는 동안 실제 식사 섭취량은 1일 평균 450 Kcal (310~600 Kcal)이었다. 4) 항암 치료 시작 당시 혈청 알부민은 3.1~4.4 g/dL의 분포로 정상보다 낮은 범위에 있었으며 항암 치료 21일째는 2.7~5.0 g/dL로서 통계적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 혈청 ALT는 항암 치료전보다 의미있게 증가하였으나(p<0.05), 혈청 AST, BUN, creatinine, 총 단백질은 의미있는 변화가 없었다. 5) 항암 치료기간 동안 식욕저하의 원인으로서는 구토가 37%로 가장 많았으며 메스꺼움, 씹기 곤란함, 연하 곤란, 음식 혐오 순이었다. 6) 식욕 저하를 호소할 때 먹은 식품으로서 흰죽, 전복죽 등의 죽 종류를 가장 많이 먹었고, 곰국, 장어 등의 보양식을 그 다음으로 섭취하였으며 인스턴트 식품도 섭취하였다. 7) 항암 치료기간 동안 탄산 음료를 가장 좋아하였고, 맵고 자극적인 식품을 좋아하는 것으로 나타났으며, 싫어하는 식품으로는 평소 싫어하는 식품과 마찬가지로 야채류로 나타났다. 결 론: 항암 화학요법을 받고 있는 소아들은 소모성 질환으로 인해 영양상태가 더욱 나빠지기 쉬우므로 항암 치료를 받는 기간동안 보다 적극적이고 체계적인 환자의 식사 섭취량 조사 및 환자 상태와 기호에 적합한 형태의 식사종류 개발이 필요하며, 환자나 보호자들에게도 적절한 식사 종류 및 식사요령을 교육, 홍보하여 환자의 식사 섭취량 증가를 통한 영양 상태 개선이 이루어지도록 해야하겠다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.367-378
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 대학생을 대상으로 인터넷 중독에 대한 실태를 조사하고 인터넷 중독에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하여 대응방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 2012년 11월19일부터 12월 14일까지 K시 소재 대학의 300명의 학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료 수집은 K시 소재 대학의 학생들을 대상으로 횡단적 자가보고 설문을 통하여 수집되었다. 자료분석은 인터넷 중독군 별로 일반적 특성, 건강행동, 성행동, 정신건강에 차이가 있는지 Fisher's exact test, t-test를 시행하고 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위하여 인터넷 중독 정도를 종속변수로 하여 로지스틱회 귀분석을 실시하였다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 운동회수(p<0.05), 아침식사 여부(p<0.05), 음란물 접촉(p<0.05), 주관적 행복지수(p<0.05), 자살생각지수(p<0.05)가 인터넷 중독 위험에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 인터넷 중독과 관련 변인으로 운동, 규칙적 식사, 성 행동, 주관적 행복지수, 자살생각지수와 관련이 있으며, 이는 인터넷 예방을 위한 자료와 예방 프로그램 개발에 필요하다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1455-1459
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• 2003

A $2{\times}3$ factorial design was used to study the impact of rearing systems, individual (I) vs. group (G) and different levels of milk/skim milk feeding (three schedules, F1, F2 and F3) on performance of crossbred (Bos indicus ${\times}$ Bos taurus) calves. Six calves (three from each sex) were taken in each group on the basis of their birth weight. All the calves were fed colostrum for three days and thereafter, were allotted to three different milk feeding schedules (F), i.e. milk fed upto 8 weeks of age (F1), milk upto 4 weeks followed by 50% (F2) and 100% (F3) replacement of milk with skim milk in the next 4 weeks. Calf starter and cereal green fodder were fed ad libitum to all the calves beginning from second week of age. A digestibility trial was conducted at 15th week of age to assess nutrient utilization during postweaning period. The digestibilty of dry matter (DM), organic matter, total carbohydrate, ether extract and crude protein (CP) were nonsignificant between the rearing systems and the feeding schedules. There was significantly higher digestibility of NDF and ADF in G than I and in F3 than F1 and F2. The concentration CP and total digestible nutrients of the diet ranged from 17.18 to 17.75% and 66.32 to 70.14%, respectively. The DM intake (kg/100 kg body weight) ranged from 1.74 to 2.14 kg during 0 to 8 weeks and 3.19 to 3.41 kg during 0 to 14 weeks of age. The effects during postweaning phase (9-14 weeks of age) showed increased performance in group housed calves compared to individually housed ones with a superior average daily gain (590 vs. 443 g) and dry matter intake (1.79 vs. 1.64 kg). Above all, replacement of milk with skim milk at 50% level after 4th week followed by complete removal after 6th week of age (F2) seemed to suit better in coping with immediate energy starvation due to sole feeding of skim milk (F3) and they performed the best under group housed system of rearing.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.351-361
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• 1995

The main purpose of the study is to identify critical risk factors for development of a family assessment tool to screen high risk family. This study used a conceptual framework of family diagnosis developed by Eui-sook Kim's (1993) and analyzed risk factors to identify the high risk family. As employing a explorative and methodological study design, this study has four stages. 1. In the first stage, 34 family risk factors were identified by doing intensive literature review on conceptual framework of family diagnoses. 2. In the second stage, above risk factors were tested for content validity by consultation with 29 persons in community health nursing, nursing education, family theory, and social work. 3. In the third stage, existing survey data was used for actual application of the identified risk factors. The survey data used for this purpose was previously collected for the community diagnosis in a region of Seoul. At the final stage, through the comparison between high risk and low risk families, initially identified 34 risk factors decreased to 25 risk factors. Among 34 risk factors, six factors did not agree with content of questionnaries sand two factors were not significant in differentiating the high risk family Also, two risk factors showed high correlation between themselves, so only one of those two factors was chosen. As a result, twenty-five risk factors chosen to identify the high risk family are following ; 1. A single parent family due to divorce or death of a partner, or unweded single mother 2. A family with an unrelated household members 3. A family with a working mother with a young child 4. A family with no regular income 5. A family with no rule in family or too strict rules 6. A family with little or no support from other lam-ily members 7. A family with little or no support from friends or relatives 8. A family with little or no time to share with each other 9. A family with family history of hypertension, diabetus, cancer 10. A family with a sick person 11. A family with a mentally ill person 12. A family with a disabled person 13. A family with an alcoholic person 14. A family with a excessive smoker who smokes more than 1 pack / day 15. A family with too much salt intake in their diet. 16. A family with inappropriate management skills for family health 17. A family with high utilization of drug store than hospital to solve the health problems of the family 18. A family with disharmony between husband and wife 19. A family with conflicts among the family members 20. A family with unequal division of labor among family members 21. An authoritative family structure 22. A socially isolated family 23. The location of house is not residential area 24. A family with high risk of accidents 25. The drinking water and sewage systems are not hygienic. The main implication of the results of this study is clinical use. The high risk factors can be used to identify the high risk family effectively and efficiently. The use of high risk factors woule contribute to develop a conceptual framework of family diagnosis in Korea and the list of risk factors need to be revised continuously. Further researches are needed to develop an index of weight of each risk factor and to validate the risk factors.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2020

This study analyzed the health characteristics and comorbidity of adult men aged 40 years by dividing them into a control group of those without any disease related to fine dust and a patient group with one or more diseases related to fine dust in areas with high levels of fine dust pollution using the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2017). Among the general characteristics, the mean age of the patient group was significantly older than that of the control group (p<0.001), and in terms of the health-related characteristics, the frequency of breakfast consumption in the patient group was higher than in the control group (p<0.043). The body measurements were similar in the patient and control groups. Regarding the prevalence of comorbidity, the patient group showed a higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and diabetes than the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the prevalence of other cancers (except stomach cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer) in the patient group was higher than in the control group (p<0.05). In terms of the clinical characteristics, the glycated hemoglobin levels in the patient group were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.048). Information on nutrition and health in areas with frequent occurrences of fine dust was obtained through the study results, which can be used as basic data for measures of health and diet management against diseases that will increase in relation to fine dust.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2017

본 연구는 지역사회 당뇨노인의 자가관리 지식, 자신감, 행위 및 삶의 질 정도를 파악하기 위하여 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. D광역시에 거주하는 60세 이상의 당뇨노인을 대상으로 2015년 4월 20일부터 8월 31일까지 자료를 수집하였으며 수집된 자료 236부 중 최종적으로 205부를 분석하였다. SPSS 20.0 통계 프로그램의 기술통계 및 t-test와 ANOVA를 사용하여 분석하였으며, 분석 결과, 대상자의 당뇨 자가관리 지식점수는 6.99(${\pm}2.17$)점, 자가관리 자신감은 71.27(${\pm}10.21$)점, 자가관리 행위 62.78(${\pm}1.29$)점, 삶의 질은 0.86(${\pm}0.11$)점으로 나타났다. 대상자의 자가관리 지식과 자신감은 성별, 교육정도, 주관적 건강에 따라, 자가관리 행위는 교육수준 당뇨이환년수 및 주관적 건강에 따라, 삶의질은 주관적 건강에 따른 차이가 있었다. 세부영역별로 분석하였을 때 당뇨 자가관리 지식 중 식이에 대한 지식이 부족하였으며, 당뇨 자가관리 자신감은 투약과 혈당체크에 대한 자신감이 높았고 운동에 대한 자신감이 가장 낮았다. 자가관리 행위에 있어서 투약에 대한 행위가 6.48일로 가장 높았으며 혈당체크에 대한 행위 일수는 2.03일로 가장 낮았다. 삶의 질은 통증, 불편감 항목에서 가장 불편한 것으로 조사되었다. 이에 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 한국인의 식생활을 반영한 식이교육 지침과 방법이 개발될 필요가 있으며, 당뇨노인이 자가혈당감시 행위를 잘 이행하지 않는 데 대한 구체적인 분석과 연구가 시행될 것과, 본 연구에서 제시된 당뇨노인의 특성을 고려하여 적합한 간호중재 프로그램을 개발하고 검증할 것을 제언한다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2007

Background and Objectives：Supraglottic partial laryngectomy is oncologically sound surgical procedure for selected cases of laryngeal cancer which maintains physiologic speech and swallowing without permanent tracheostoma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the oncologic and functional results of supraglottic partial laryngectomy and neck dissection for supraglottic cancer. Materials and Methods：Between 1991-2005, Twenty-three supraglottic cancer patients, underwent supraglottic partial laryngectomy, were studied retrospectively. There were 5 patients with cT1, 14 with cT2, 4 with cT3 and 11 patients with cN0, 1 with cN1, 10 with cN2, 1 with cN3. All patients underwent neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy was added to twenty patients. They were reviewed with respect to primary subsites, extended subsites, treatment result, survival rate, factors affecting the prognosis, postoperative complication, time of decannulation and oral diet, and postoperative voice. Results：Among eleven patients with clinically negative node, six patients had pathologically positive nodes. So occult metastasis was 54.5%. Two patients recurred at cervical lymph node and one had distant metastasis to lung. Local and regional control were 100% and 91.3%. The overall 3-year and 5-year survival rate were 84%, 78%, respectively. Nineteen cases were squamous cell carcinomas and four were basaloid squamous cell carcinomas. Basaloid subtype was significantly affected to survival. Decannulation and oral feeding were possible in 100%. Conclusions：Supraglottic partial laryngectomy is oncologically safe and functionally good procedure in supraglottic cancers. Elective neck dissection is beneficial in management of occult cervical metastasis.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.273-284
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• 2004

This study is on the changing pattern of fish-and-shellfish uses during the last two thirds of Chosun period on the premise that they are influenced by development of fishing technology. With a literary approach, this paper researches how fish-and-shellfish production and consumption pattern changed, especially in relation to technological development of fisheries. First, we examine into the changes of fishery production. And next, we analyze the kind and cooking method of fish-and-shellfish in [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang](1670) and [Gyu-hap-chong-seo](1815). The analysis of two books revealed that there were significant differences in fish-and-shellfish uses. Because the two books were written with a gap of 145 years and the development of fishing technology and remarkable changes of fishery production affected on the fish-and-shellfish uses. Due to primitive fishing tools and skills, fresh-water and reverse-river-fish and shellfish had been caught in substantial amount until the middle ages of Chosun period. As a result, the availability of seafood were limited extremely even in the upper classes. These situations are evidenced by the analysis of [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang]. Only 12 kinds of fish-and-shellfish are described in [Eum-sik-di-mi-bang]. Most of the sesfoods is mollusc which is easy to catch. As for the salt-water fish, dried cod and dried herring were mentioned. Mullet, the reverse-water-fish, is used most frequently. Only one kind of 'Hoe', which needs extreme freshness, is described. This means that the use of fresh fish-and-shellfish was very limited to some kinds which could be caught near the village. As the netting fishery began to be developed in the 18th century, the production of some salt-water fishes, such as anchovy, shrimp, yellow corvina, pollack, and herring, had increased remarkably to make marine resources more available. Small fish, such as anchovy and shrimp were preserved as 'Jeot-gal' and sold nationwide. Therefore, 'Jeot-gal' and seafood could be used in Kimchi around this time and had a deep influence on the change of Kimchi in taste and nutrition. In [Gyu-hap-chong-seo], 33 kinds of fish-and-shellfish are described. Including cod and herring, 17 kinds of sea water fish and mollusc are mentioned. Some of these are consumed in fresh state, neither as dried nor as salted. Because the merchants promoted the transport of seafoods to other regions according to the growth of commercial economy. As a result the diet of the people could be enriched by the various seafoods.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1096-1106
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• 2014

This study was conducted to figure the usage status and satisfaction of food-related smartphone applications by generic characteristics and food purchase attributes of Seoul area workers. The results show that health vitality-oriented group, married compared to single, those with higher eating-out expenses possess more food-related applications (p<0.05). The primary reason for the usage of food-related applications was the need for food-related information (53.7%). The highest application subjects in use were restaurant-related information and recipe information. The real-life aid food-related applications utilized most were also restaurant information (60.7%) and recipe information (28.3%). Health vitality-oriented respondents especially turned out to use nutrition information and food functionality information often (p<0.01), and recipes or calories & diet information usage frequency was higher in women than in men (p<0.001). Restaurant-related information were more frequently used by singles, highly educated, and those with high income and eating-out expenses (p<0.05). Satisfaction of food-related applications was normal (3.06), showing that the satisfactory level is not yet high. Satisfaction regarding purchase attributes showed that the health vitality-oriented group (3.19) was more satisfied compared to other groups (p<0.05), and women (3.16) were more satisfied that men (2.89) were (p<0.05). Inconveniences of food-related applications were highest in usage fee (3.29), simplicity of information (3.28), lack of reliability of information and need for update (3.10). The results of this study implies that various subdivisions of food-related applications users should be implemented; at the same time, food-related applications covering diverse subjects that regard each group's characteristics should be developed in order to utilize food-related knowledge and information as a marketing tool in the food industry; this can efficiently be done by paying attention to the quality of information and updates within applications.