• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.138-143
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• 1996

The diagnostic accuracy of routine cytological preparations from effusions ranges from 60% to 70%. Immunohistochemical markers, especially tumor-associated antigens, have been successfully employed to increase diagnostic sensitivity in effusion cytology. However, more than two different antibodies in diagnosis of effusions are needed. In the view of prevalence of abnormalities of p53 gene in human malignancies we investigated the diagnostic usefulness of demonstration of p53 protein immunoreactivity in distinguishing benign changes versus malignant processes in effusions. p53 protein expression was studied immunohistochemically in 76 effusions(28 malignant and 48 benign) using anti-human p53 antibody p53 immunoreactivity was identified in 19 of 28(67.9%) malignant effusions. In contrast, no p53 immunoreactivity was observed in all benign effusions. A specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 67.9% were observed. These results suggest that immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein seems to be helpful in distinguishing benign changes versus malignant processes in effusions, although its principal limitation is its relatively low sensitivity.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2007

It is widely recognized that increasing the accuracy and diversity of rotating machinery necessitates an appropriate diagnostic technique and maintenance system. Until now, operators have monitored machinery using their senses or by analyzing simple changes to root mean square output values. We developed an expert diagnostic system that uses fuzzy inference to expertly assess the condition of a machine and allow operators to make accurate judgments. This paper describes the hardware and software of the expert diagnostic system. An assessment of the diagnostic performance for five fault phenomena typically found in pumps is also described.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 1997

For radiological test in soft tissue or neighboring part with same signal intensity, proper test method and equipment shall be selected as needed. In case of female pelvic cavity, ultrasonography or computed tomography alternatively used, but MRI can be more usefully applied to design treatment method or operation plan by improving the diagnostic accuracy and careful observation of lesion characteristics. Magnetic Resonance Imaging using recently developed Enteral MRI contrast media can acquire more diagnostic information than using only intravenous contrast media. Thus this study attempted to examine the utility of anatomic structure and diagnostic acquisition by imaging the female pelvic cavity using Enteral MRI contrast media. As a result of analyzing magnetic resonance Imaging after administering Enteral MRI contrast media to pelvic cavity suspect patients, more diagnostic information media could be acquired than only using Intravenous contrast. Expecially, in the diagnosis of lesion position, shape, distinction from neighboring tissues it is thought that external Enteral MRI contrast media should be used.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제16A권6호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2009

가스절연개폐장치(Gas Insulated Switchgear:GIS)는 SF6가스를 절연 매체로 하는 대용량 전력 차단기기이다. GIS는 단순한 구조로 고장이 적고 신뢰성이 높은 편이지만 내부를 볼 수 없어 고장 확인이 어렵고 고장이 발생하면 파급 효과가 크고 복구가 어렵다. 따라서 GIS 내부의 이상 징후를 초기에 찾아낼 수 있도록 GIS 예방진단시스템이 도입되었다. GIS 예방진단시스템은 센서에서 수집, 분석한 정보로 이상 징후를 판 단하기 때문에 데이터의 신뢰성과 적시성이 중요하다. 하지만 기존 시스템은 중앙 집중 데이터 수집 방식으로 효율이 낮고 신뢰성과 적시성의 보장이 어렵다. 이러한 신뢰성과 적시성을 보장하기 위하여 GIS 예방진단시스템은 실시간성을 보장하는 미들웨어를 탑재해야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 GIS 예방진단시스템의 신뢰성 향상을 위하여 실시간 분산 컴퓨팅의 적시성 보장을 위해 제안된 TMO를 적용한 미들웨어를 사용한 다. 그리고 TMO를 적용한 데이터 수집 및 감시, 제어 방법을 적용한 새로운 GIS 예방진단 시스템을 제안한다. 논문에서 제안하는 시스템은 TMO의 실시간 기능을 활용하여 데이터의 분산 처리가 가능한 통신제어장치를 개발하여 사용한다. 통신제어장치는 TMO를 통해 실시간 데이 터 수집 및 처리 과정의 적시성을 보장하고 데이터의 신뢰성을 높여 시스템의 성능 향상에 기여한다. 또한, 기존의 서버의 데이터 수집 및 처 리 과정을 통신제어장치가 부담하여 서버의 부하를 줄이고 향후 분산 환경을 지원할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 따라서 제안하는 시스템은 통신제 어장치의 적시성 보장을 통해 GIS 예방진단시스템의 신뢰성과 성능을 향상시키고 GIS의 안정적인 운영을 보장할 수 있다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate inter-observer reliability among observers with different levels of proficiency and the diagnostic imaging reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the retromolar canal. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 307 patients were assessed for the presence of retromolar canals(RMCs) by 3 observers independently. Diagnoses were made twice by each observer at intervals of more than 3 weeks. Interobserver reliability was assessed using the kappa coefficient. One observer had no experience in diagnosis using CBCT images. Therefore, a specialist in diagnostic imaging explained the CBCT images for interpretation and practiced diagnostic imaging together with this observer, while the other observer interpreted the images independently. Thereafter, the observers re-evaluated the images. Results: The interobserver kappa coefficients (including bilateral RMCs) calculated at the first reading were low, ranging from 0.21 to 0.61. Their values ranged from 0.95 (right side) to 1.00 (left side) after one-on-one practice with a diagnostic imaging specialist, while the values ranged from 0.65 (right side) to 0.66 (left side) without one-on-one practice. Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy was improved through diagnostic imaging practice. To improve the anatomical interpretation of images, it is important to practice diagnostic imaging with a specialist in diagnostic imaging. One-on-one instruction about diagnostic imaging was an effective method of training.

• 치과방사선
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the senior dental students for the proximal dental caries on intraoral radiographs and to compare it with the dental hospital residents, the reference group. It was also investigated the diagnostic performance according to the carious lesion depth. Thirty-five intraoral periapical and bitewing radiographs with 213 proximal surfaces included in this study were selected from the dental patients at Chonnam National University Hospital. The observers were 181 senior dental students from 5 dental schools and 40 dentists who were second year resident from 5 dental hospitals. They were asked to evaluate the presence or the absence of the proximal dental caries. The results were as follows: 1. The mean of the hitting rate for the overall observers was 184.51 surfaces and the diagnostic accuracy was 86.62％. 2. The diagnostic performance of the sound proximal tooth surfaces was very high, i.e., 91.5％ true negative rate and 8.5％ false positive rate. 3. The diagnostic performance of the dentist group was higher than the student group(P<0.05). 4. The proximal dental caries perceptibility increased as the lesion depth increased significantly(P<0.001) except no difference between the carious lesion depth III and IV (P>0.001).

• 치과방사선
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to compare E-speed film, CDR, and modified CDR images by means of observing some artificial defects of alveolar bone wall in the sound human dried mandibles. High diagnostic accuracy was shown in 1 wall and 4 wall defects by all 5 observers (2 Radiologists, 2 Periodontists, 1 General practitioner), but the diagnosis in 2 wall and 3 wall defects was inaccurate. Modified CDR images had the more diagnostic accuracy than E-speed film and CDR images, but there was no statistical difference among them. Finally, radiologist used modified CDR images more than others and used equalization effect more than the change in contrast and/or brightness.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1998

Gated myocardial SPECT and attenuation correction gave birth to new insights into the pathophysiology of ischemic myocardial perfusion and function in clinical routine practice. Gated myocardial Tc-99m-compound SPECT improved diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease and enabled us to observe motion and thickening of myocardial walls as well as myocardial perfusion at the same time. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of myocardial performance and perfusion let us to understand the myocardial physiology in ischemia and infarction. In every patient who underwent gated perfusion SPECT, we will find ejection fraction, left ventricular volumes and regional wall motion. There are hopes to use gated TI-201 SPECT for the same purpose and to use gated SPECT for evaluation of wall motion and thickening at stress or immediate post-stress. Attenuation correction could improve diagnostic accuracy mainly by increasing normalcy ratio or performance of non-expert physicians. Both gated methods and attenuation correction improved specificity of non-expert physicians in diagnosing patients with moderate pretest likelihood. New imaging techniques will fill the desire of cardiologists to examine function and perfusion, and possibly metabolism in their clinical routine practice.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제42권sup1호
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• pp.76-90
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• 2008

$^{18}F-FDG$ PET in combination with conventional imaging modalities could help avoid unnecessary biopsy for the primary mass, and it also has a high diagnostic accuracy in patients with dense breasts. In the assessment of metastasis, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET was useful to select patients who required sentinel lymph node biopsy and to detect extra-axillary lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. To increase the sensitivity for osteoblastic bone metastasis, bone scintigraphy should be added. In the detection of recurrence, $^{18}F-FDG$ PET showed a higher diagnostic accuracy than tumor marker or computed tomography, and therefore it can be used in routine breast cancer follow-up. $^{18}F-FDG$ PET has been reported that it correctly predicted the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on as early as 8th day of treatment. Therefore, it is useful for the early detect of therapeutic response in advanced breast cancer.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

The role of respiratory cytology is to detect and classify pulmonary disease, with an emphasis of neoplastic disease, so that proper therapy can be instituted. As in many branches of cytology, the recognition of malignancy in the cells obtained from the respiratory tract is more straightforward than identifying the type of tumor cell. It is important to accurately determine the true cytopathological cell type in cases of primary lung cancer and to know the accuracy of the diagnosis achieved by the cytological procedures. The well differentiated tumors have characteristic cytoplasmic and nuclear abnormalities that enable physicians to firmly categorize these lesions, as in squamous cell or adenocarcinoma, but some moderately and most poorly differentiated tumors show few distinctive features. This article reviews the malignant and reactive pulmonary cytologic findings and we also report on some of their pitfalls and the cytologic criteria.