• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2004

Diabetic vascular complications such as atherosclerosis have been reported as one of significant obstructions in treatment of diabetes. There has been a significant increase in recognition of the importance of antioxidative nutrients such as vitamin E, for the prevention of diabetic vascular complication by oxidative stress. This study focused on the effect of dietary $\beta$-carotene on the levels of lipid peroxide and antioxidative vitamins of diabetic rats. The plasma glucose level, hepatic level of lipid peroxide and contents of antioxidants such as vitamins A and E were determined in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Dietary supplementation of B-carotene did not reduce the blood glucose in diabetic rats. Hepatic level of lipid peroxide tended to increase in diabetic rats, but $\beta$-carotene intake reduced the value. Plasma levels of retinol and retinol/lipid were not changed by dietary supplementation of $\beta$-carotene. There was no significant difference among experimental groups in plasma level of $\alpha$-tocopherol. Hepatic levels of retionl and retinyl palmitate were increased by dietary supplementation of $\beta$-carotene in diabetic rats. These results suggest that the supplementation of $\beta$-carotene to the normal diet of diabetics may reduce the incidence of the diabetic vascular complications through the improvement of antioxidants depletion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.253-257
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• 2014

Background Although the utility of flaps for the treatment of sternal wound infections following median sternotomy has been reported for 30 years, there have been few reports on the risk factors for complications after reconstruction. The objective of this investigation was to identify factors related to complications after the reconstruction of sternal wound infections. Methods A retrospective analysis of 74 patients with reconstructive surgery after sternal wound infection over a 5-year period was performed. Clinical data including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, bacterial culture, previous cardiac surgery, wound depth, mortality rate, type of reconstructive procedure, and complication rate were collected. Results The patients' BMI ranged from 15.2 to $33.6kg/m^2$ (mean, $23.1{\pm}3.74kg/m^2$). Wound closure complications after reconstructive surgery were observed in 36.5% of the cases. The mortality rate was 2.7%. Diabetes mellitus significantly affected the rate of wound closure complications (P=0.041). A significant difference in the number of complications was seen between Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (P=0.011). There was a correlation between harvesting of the internal thoracic artery and postoperative complications (P=0.048). The complication rates of the pectoralis major flap, rectus abdominis flap, omentum flap, a combination of pectoralis major flap and rectus abdominis flap, and direct closure were 23.3%, 33.3%, 100%, 37.5%, and 35.7%, respectively. Conclusions Diabetes mellitus, S. aureus, harvesting of the internal thoracic artery, and omentum flap were significant factors for complications after reconstruction. The omentum flap volume may be related to the complications associated with the omentum flap transfer in the present study.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.349-363
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• 2000

Objectives : Generally, it seemed that the therapeutic result in diabetic patients was changed by compliance. This study was conducted on the basis of assumption that the therapeutic result id diabetic patients could control according to compliance. This study was conducted to analyze the related factors in association with compliance to drug, diet and exercise therapy. Methods : 224 diabetic patients in Kyungpook National University Hospital were selected through the interviews and HbA1c values from 1 Jan. to 28 Feb.1997. The drug compliance was tested by regularity of drug administration, the diet compliance was tested by restriction of food, exactly allocation, balance of nutrient, measuring food and the exercise compliance was tested by regularity of exercise per day. We assessed compliance by percentage, $x^2-test$ and generalized logit regression model(method:enter). Results : The significant variable was the satisfaction to medical personnels in drug, the knowledge to disease in diet, the participation of the diabetic education in exercise therapy and the satisfaction to medical personnels in HbA1c. Using the generalized logit model(method : enter) in compliance change, the significant variables were the satisfaction to medical personnels and the complication in drug; the significant variables were the age at the first diagnosis, the family history, the concern of health, the knowledge of disease, the self-exertion for therapy and the complication in diet: the only significant variable was the gender in exercise therapy. Conclusions : The degree of glycemic control in diabetic patients was influenced by compliance. In order to improve patient's compliance, we must foster the knowledge on the diseases, lead participation for diabetic education. Because the satisfaction to medical personnels was the important variables, we must build up good relationship between doctors and patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.727-732
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• 2005

The treatment of wounds of the lower extremity caused by diabetes or vascular dysfunction remains a difficult problem for the plastic surgeon. The use of negative pressure in wound healing is a relatively new method to facilitate chronic wound healing by secondary healing. The use of vacuum-assisted closure(VAC) system is purposed to reduce local edema, increase regional blood flow, enhance epithelial migration, preserve a moist wound environment, reduce bacterial colonization, promote granulation tissue formation, and mechanically enhance wound closure. The VAC also can be used as a dressing for anchoring an applied split thickness skin graft. We reviewed the data from 20 consecutive patients with non-healing wound in lower extremity at Dong-A University from March 2002 to December 2004. We used the VAC in 20 patients and compared the results with the control group. In the VAC using group, mean application duration was about 3 weeks and dressing change was done every other day. The follow-up period of patients ranged from 3 months to 30 months with a mean of 17 months. The points of comparison with control group are wound size, granulation tissue proliferation rate, operation method, preoperative time, postoperative healing time, complication, and cost. With those points, we propose to approve the efficiency of the VAC in non-healing wound. As a result, the VAC used in non-healing wound decrease wound size, accelerate granulation tissue formation, do a wound closure with less invasive operation method, make less postoperative complication, can make operation time shorter. Therefore it is cost effect. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of VAC as an adjunct in management of chronic wounds with other extrinsic factors.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.113-115
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• 1994

Bacterial meningitis is a rare complication of epidural block. As epidural abscess, subarachnoid infection associated with epidural catheters are related to the treatment of pain in diabetic patient whose immune responses have been impaired. A 51-year-old male with non-insulin dependent diabetes came to the pain clinic with neuropathic gain on right thigh and amputated stump of right leg. Treatment consisted of continuous epidural block and subcutaneous tunnelling and epidural morphine with bupivacaine was given on an outpatient basis. Two months later, the patient noted a diffuse frontal headache, projectile vomiting and stiffness neck. These symptoms became more aggrevated over the following 24 h and temperature went up to $38.4^{\circ}C$. A diagnostic lumbar puncture revealed CSF total protein of 747 mg/dl, glucose of 43 mg/dl, and $4320\;WBC/mm^3$. Cultures of epidural catheter tip grew hemolytic staphylococcus epidermidis. A chest x-ray and brain CT scan were negative. Antibiotic therapy with penicillin G and chloramphenicol was given for 15 days. Recovery was uneventful.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.83-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for effective management and prevention of chronic diseases and secondary complications as elderly spinal cord injuries(SCI). The subjects were 200 spinal cord injuries admitted to S hospital from April, 2013 to April, 2018. We investigated the occurrence of chronic diseases and secondary complication through medical records. The results showed that SCI were affected chronic diseases and secondary complications over 50years. The prevalence of chronic diseases and secondary complications over 50 years of age had the odds ratio 11.8 times higher in hypertension and 6.7 times diabetes mellitus. Secondary complications had the odds ratio Osteoporosis 7.5 times, Pneumonia 5.2 times, and central pain 0.4 times. We suggest that continuous management and service of chronic diseases and secondary complications of elderly SCI are necessary. It will be necessary to expand the target population and to study various characteristics including.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2022

Background: Distal biceps rupture is a relatively uncommon injury that can significantly affect quality of life. Early complications following biceps tendon repair are not well described in the literature. This study utilizes a national surgical database to determine the incidence of and predictors for short-term complications following distal biceps tendon repair. Methods: The American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was used to identify patients undergoing distal biceps repair between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. Patient demographic variables of sex, age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, functional status, and several comorbidities were collected for each patient, along with 30-day postoperative complications. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate risk ratios for these complications using patient predictor variables. Results: Early postoperative surgical complications (0.5%)-which were mostly infections (0.4%)-and medical complications (0.3%) were rare. A readmission risk factor was diabetes (risk ratio [RR], 4.238; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.180-15.218). Non-home discharge risk factors were smoking (RR, 3.006; 95% CI, 1.123-8.044) and ≥60 years of age (RR, 4.150; 95% CI, 1.611-10.686). Maleness was protective for medical complications (RR, 0.024; 95% CI, 0.005-0.126). Surgical complication risk factors were obese class II (RR, 4.120; 95% CI, 1.123-15.120), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; RR, 21.981; 95% CI, 3.719-129.924), and inpatient surgery (RR, 8.606; 95% CI, 2.266-32.689). Conclusions: Complication rates after distal biceps repair are low. Various patient demographics, medical comorbidities, and surgical factors were all predictive of short-term complications.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.430-435
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• 2008

The main cause of diabetic neuropathy, one of the most debilitating complications, is the chronic hyperglycemia, the increase sorbitol or the decrease of nerve growth factor(NGF). NGF, a protein, plays a major role in the development and maintenance of peripheral nervous system. Systemic administration of NGF prevents manifestations of neuropathy in rodent models of diabetic neuropathy. In the previous investigation, we report the hypoglycemia effect of Dioscorea rhizoma extract(DRE) in diabetic mice. The present study shows protective effect of DRE on diabetic neuropathy by induction of NGF protein. We investigated the NGF level in salivary gland and sciatic nerve of normal mouse and the effect of DRE on sciatic nerve conductivity and thermal hyperalgesia test in Type 2 db/db mouse. DRE increased endogenous NGF level in salivary gland and sciatic nerve of mouse. And sensory nerve conductivity velocity(SNCV), motor nerve conductivity velocity(MNCV) and thermal hyperalgesia increased in DRE treatment mice compared with control group. On the basis of our results, we conclude that DRE increase induction of endogenous NGF level and have protective effect on diabetic neuropathy by induction of NGF. Therefore, we propose that long-term use of DRE might help prevention of diabetes-associated complication; diabetic neuropathy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.453-465
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• 2000

This study was designed to identify the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self care behavioral compliance in type II diabetic patient. The subjects for this study were the 113 adults with type II diabetes that received hospital treatment or attended as outpatients in 2 general hospitals at Inchon City. The data were collected during the period from August 15 to semtember 15, 2000 by means of an interview. Collected data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation using the SPSS/PC+ program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The mean score of self care behavioral compliance was 3.06. 2. There were statistically significant difference in self care behavioral compliance according to sex(p<0.05), age (p<0.001), BMI(p<0.05), education(p<0.001), occupation(p<0.001), experience of diabetic education(p<0.05) and complication(p<0.05). 3. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy was 3.45. Self care behavioral compliance and perceived self-efficacy had a positive correlation which was statistically significant (r=0.3879 p<0.001). 4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors for self care behavioral compliance. Education, experience of diabetic education and self-efficacy accounted for 41% of the variance in self care behavioral compliance. The results suggest that education, experience of diabetic education and self-efficacy are important variables in the compliance of self-care behavior with typeII diabetes.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.679-688
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among self-care, self-care agency, self-efficacy, and quality of life in type II diabetic patients registered at a public health center. Method: The study subjects were 128 type II diabetic patients who were living in G city. The data were collected from March 2001 to February 2002. The instruments used for this study were the self-care scale developed by Jeung(1997) and designed by Park (1984) based on the original scale, the self-care agency scale developed by So (1992), the self-efficacy scale developed by a Jeung (1997) and designed by Paek (1996) based on the original scale, and the quality of life scale developed by Ro (1988). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: 1. The relationships among self-care, self-care agency, self-efficacy, and quality of life were significant. Self-care was significantly related to self-care agency (r=.609. p<.01), self-efficacy (r=.763. p<.01), and quality of life (r=.493. p<.01). 2. The stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing quality of life of the subjects. The most powerful predictor was self-care agency (48.4%). The combination of self-care, complication status, age, education level, and self-efficacy accounted for 88.7% of the variance of quality of life in type II diabetic patients. Conclusion: The results suggest that self-care, self-care agency, self-efficacy, and quality of life are important variables for development of nursing intervention programs for patients with diabetes.