• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.77-81
• /
• 2007

Objective : In a variety of thoracolumbar diseases, corpectomy followed by interbody bone graft and anterior instrumentation has allowed direct neural decompression and reconstruction of the weight-bearing column by short segments fusion. In this study, we compared spinal stability of the two different anterior thoracolumbar instruments : Z-plate and Kaneda device representing plate and two-rods type, respectively. Methods : A retrospective review was performed for all the patients with thoracolumbar diseases or traumas treated with anterior corpectomy, autologous iliac bone graft, and fixation with instruments from 1996 to 2000. For the anterior instrumentation, Z-plate or Kaneda device was used for 24 [M:F=5:9, average age=37] and 12 [M:F=9:3, average age=41] patients, respectively. The plain AP and lateral flexion-extension films were taken immediately after surgery and at each follow-up. The sagittal and coronal Cobb's angles at the operation segments were used to observe the change of initial fixation status. The surgical time length and bleeding amount of the two groups were compared. Intra-operative and post-operative instrument associated complications were evaluated. Student t-test was used for statistical analysis and p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results : Mean follow-up durations for Z-plate and Kaneda device were 24 and 21 months, respectively. The fusion rate was 91% for Z-plate and 100% for Kaneda device. Two cases of Z-plate group showed instrumentation failure during the follow up period, in which additional surgery was necessary. The mean differences of sagittal Cobb's angles among the AP images immediate after surgery and at follow-up were 7 and 2 degrees for Z-plate and Kaneda device, respectively [p<0.05]. The mean differences of coronal Cobb's angles were 5 and 2 degrees for Z-plate and Kaneda device, respectively [p<0.05]. No Intra-operative complication has occurred in both groups. There was no difference in surgery time and bleeding amount between two groups. Conclusion : We think that Kaneda device [rod type] is stronger than Z-plate [plate type] to keep the spinal stability after anterior thoracolumbar surgery.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.36-40
• /
• 2001

In order to fabricate uncooled IR sensors for pyroelectric applications, multilayered thin films of Pt/PbTiO$_3$/Pt/Ti/Si$_3$N$_4$/SiO$_2$/Si and thermally isolating membrane structures of square-shaped/cantilevers-shaped microstructures were prepared. Cavity was also fabricated via direct silicon wafer bonding and etching technique. Metallic Pt layer was deposited by ion beam sputtering while PbTiO$_3$ thin films were prepared by sol-gel technique. Micromachining technology was used to fabricate microstructured-membrane detectors. In order to avoid a difficulty of etching active layers, silicon-nitride membrane structure was fabricated through the direct bonding and etching of the silicon wafer. Although multilayered thin film deposition and device fabrications were processed independently, these could b integrated to make IR micro-sensor devices.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제19권7호
• /
• pp.252-257
• /
• 2018

본 논문에서는 군용 냉각형 열상장비의 중요한 부품인 냉각기의 MTTF를 개선하기 위한 방법을 제시한다. 일반적인 전자장비는 전자소자의 특성으로 인해 온도, 습도 등 환경요인에 의해 고장발생 가능성이 높다. 그러나 일부 군용과 같이 특수목적용의 장비(열상장비 등)들은 다양한 환경요인들에 노출되어 운용하기 때문에 환경요인을 극복할 수 있도록 설계한다. 다양한 군용 장비 중 지속적으로 사용가능 해야 하는 장비 중 가장 널리 사용되는 장비로 열상장비를 꼽을 수 있다. 특히 화질을 우선시하는 군용의 특성상 냉각형 열상장비를 많이 사용한다. 이러한 군용 냉각형 열상장비는 항시 운용 가능해야 하기 때문에 MTTF는 장비의 중요한 파라미터다. 군용 냉각형 열상장비의 MTTF에 가장 중요한 영향을 미치는 부분은 냉각기 부분이다. 냉각기의 MTTF는 장비 내부 열과 연관이 있으며 열을 저하시켜 MTTF를 증가시킬 수 있다. 이를 위해 기존 장비의 내부열에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고 이로부터 개선점을 확인할 수 있었으며 내부 구조를 개선하는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 개선방법의 효과는 시뮬레이션 및 MTTF계산을 통해 확인한다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제13권12호
• /
• pp.989-995
• /
• 2000

G $e_{1-x}$ S $n_{x}$G $e_{1-y}$S $n_{y}$ is a very promising material for the high-speed device due to the fact that electron and hole mobilities for the strained G $e_{1-x}$ S $n_{x}$G $e_{1-y}$S $n_{y}$ are greatly enhanced. Because G $e_{1-x}$ S $n_{x}$G $e_{1-y}$S $n_{y}$ has a direct band gap for the proper combination of x and y, it can be applied to the optoelectronic device. Therefore, the study of the electrical property for G $e_{1-x}$ S $n_{x}$G $e_{1-y}$S $n_{y}$(001) with a direct energy gap is needed. G $e_{1-x}$ S $n_{x}$ layer can not be grown thickly due to the large difference of lattice constants. This fact prefers the structure of the device where electrons and holes move in the plane direction. The transverse mobilities of electron and hole for G $e_{0.8}$S $n_{0.2}$Ge(001) are 2~3 times larger than those for Ge/Ge/ sub0.8/S $n_{0.2}$(001). Therefore, G $e_{0.8}$S $n_{0.2}$Ge(001) is expected to be better than Ge/G $e_{0.8}$S $n_{0.2}$(001) for the development of the high-speed device.h-speed device.device.h-speed device. device.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.244-252
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The development of an efficient in vitro cell culture device to process various cells would represent a major milestone in biological science and engineering. However, the current conventional macro-scale in vitro cell culture platforms are limited in their capacity for detailed analysis and determination of cellular behavior in complex environments. This paper describes a microfluidic-based culture device that allows accurate control of parameters of physical cues such as pressure. Methods: A microfluidic device, as a model microbioreactor, was designed and fabricated to culture Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under various conditions of physical pressure stimulus. This device was compatible with live-cell imaging and allowed quantitative analysis of physical cue-induced behavior in yeast and microalgae. Results: A simple microfluidic-based in vitro cell culture device containing a cell culture channel and an air channel was developed to investigate physical pressure stress-induced behavior in yeasts and microalgae. The shapes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii could be controlled under compressive stress. The lipid production by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was significantly enhanced by compressive stress in the microfluidic device when compared to cells cultured without compressive stress. Conclusions: This microfluidic-based in vitro cell culture device can be used as a tool for quantitative analysis of cellular behavior under complex physical and chemical conditions.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2015

Recently, energy harvesting technology is increasing due to the fossil fuel shortages. Energy harvesting is generating electrical energy from wasted energies as sunlight, wind, waves, pressure, and vibration etc. Energy harvesting is one of the alternatives of fossil fuel. One of the energy harvesting technologies, the piezoelectric energy harvesting has been actively studied. Piezoelectric generating uses a positive piezoelectric effect which produces electrical energy when mechanical vibration is applied to the piezoelectric device. Piezoelectric energy harvesting has an advantage in that it is relatively not affected by weather, area and place. Also, stable and sustainable energy generation is possible. However, the output power is relatively low, so in this paper, newly designed honeycomb shaped piezoelectric energy harvesting device for increasing a generating efficiency. The output characteristics of the piezoelectric harvesting device were analyzed according to the change of parameters by using the finite element method analysis program. One model which has high output voltage was selected and a prototype of the honeycomb shaped piezoelectric harvesting device was fabricated. Experimental results from the fabricated device were compared to the analyzed results. After the AC-DC converting, the power of one honeycomb shaped piezoelectric energy harvesting device was measured 2.3[mW] at road resistance 5.1[$K{\Omega}$]. And output power was increased the number of harvesting device when piezoelectric energy harvesting device were connected in series and parallel.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2013

Two-step thermochemical cycle using ferrite-oxide($Fe_2O_4$) device was investigated. The $H_2O$(g) was converted into $H_2$ in the first experiment which was performed using a dish type solar thermal system. However the experiment was lasted only for 2 cycles because the metal oxide device was sintered and broken down. Another problem was that the reaction was taken place mainly on a side of the metal oxide device. The m-$ZrO_2$, which was widely known as a material preventing sintering, was applied on the metal oxide device. The ferrite loading rate and the thickness of the metal oxide device were increased from 10.67wt% to 20wt% and from 10mm to 15mm, respectively. The chemical reactor having two inlets was designed in order to supply the reactants uniformly to the metal oxide device. The second-experiment was lasted for 5 cycles, which was for 6 hours. The total amount of the $H_2$ production was 861.30ml. And cerium oxide($CeO_2$) device was used for increasing $H_2$ production rate. $CeO_2$ device had low thermal resistance, however, more $H_2$ production rate than $Fe_2O_4$ device.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제43권6호
• /
• pp.382-389
• /
• 2022

In this study, the accuracy of the orthognathic surgical guides with single-stage split path was upgraded to realize orthognathic surgical guides with two-stage split path and simulated surgery was performed to verify its accuracy. As a result, the average error distance between the simulation model and the scan model was + 0.289 / - 0.468 mm (standard deviation 0.128), which was confirmed to be within ± 0.5 mm, which is a clinically acceptable level. Also, there was no significant difference compared with the average value of + 0.313 / - 0.456 mm (average standard deviation 0.106) of the conventional single-stage split path type device. It is judged that the use of this device can contribute to the reduction of surgical time and increase in accuracy since a separate finishing operation for bone preparation is unnecessary.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제43회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.114-114
• /
• 2012

Even though graphene was introduced with a great hope to replace silicon in future, small (or zero) band gap and poor stability have become major challenges in graphene electronics. Especially, rectification and amplification function which are the elemental functions of silicon device, is very difficult to implement without a bandgap. However, the graphene can still be used in many other device applications if the merits of graphene are creatively utilized. For example, graphene can be applied to almost any kind of substrate. Its conductivity can be varied in some degree using electric field, charge dipole, attached molecules, and many other ways. Recently, graphene stacked with ferroelectric materials or piezoelectric materials has been actively studied for various device applications. In this talk, various device applications of graphene using hybrid stack or novel device structure will be introduced and their prospect will be discussed.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.33-43
• /
• 2011

세계 여러나라들은 자국의 업체와 소비자 보호를 목적으로 다양한 인증제도를 운영하고 있으며, 이는 상대국으로 하여금 무역장벽으로 작용하고 있다. 또한, 기존에 시행되고 있는 KS, KCC등 품질인증 관련 제도가 공간정보 분야의 특성을 충분히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존의 품질 인증제도와 사례분석을 통하여 공간정보 기기 품질인증(안)을 마련하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 첫째, 공간정보 기기 품질인증에 필요한 기본개념을 정립하였고 둘째, 공간정보 기기의 품질인증 범위와 내용 및 절차를 세부항목으로 분류하여 설정하였으며, 마지막으로 국내외 유사인증제도의 특성과 비교하여 실증적인 품질인증제도 도입을 위한 기본방향을 제시하였다.